1. African
Elephants
Danielle Walker

2. Characteristics
• Large ears
• Long trunk
o drink water, grab food
o spray water and dust
• Tusks
o digging and stripping bark
• Herds
o matriarchal

3. Habitat
• Africa
o Congo Basin and Coastal East
Africa
• Tropical/subtropical
moist broadleaf forests
• Flooded
grasslands/savannas

4. Diet
• herbivorous
o grasses
o tree roots, bark, and leaves
o cultivated crops
• eat/drink for 2/3 of
the day

5. Predators
• Humans
o poaching
o habitat destruction
• No natural enemies
due to size and herds
o some attack young
o hyenas hang around the old

6. Other symbiotic
relationships
• Mutualism
o olive baboon
o oxpeckers/egrets

7. Keystone Engineer
• what is a keystone
species?
o disproportionate influence
on its ecosystem
• alter landscape
o create grasslands for grazing
• allow germination of
1/3 of trees in central
Africa

8. Works Cited
• American Wildlife Foundation. N.p., n.d. Web. 26 Feb. 2014.
<http://www.awf.org/wildlife-conservation/elephant>.
• Elephant World. N.p., n.d. Web. 26 Feb. 2014.
<http://www.elephant-world.com/elephant-predators/>.
• National Geographic. N.p., n.d. Web. 26 Feb. 2014.
<http://animals.nationalgeographic.com/animals/mammals/
african-elephant/>.
• Nature Education. N.p., n.d. Web. 26 Feb. 2014.
<http://www.nature.com/scitable/knowledge/library/keyston
e-species-15786127>.
• SOS Elephants. N.p., n.d. Web. 26 Feb. 2014.
<http://www.soselephants.org/about_elephants.html>.
• World Wildlife Fund. N.p., n.d. Web. 26 Feb. 2014.
<https://worldwildlife.org/species/elephant>.