PPT on Natural Vegetation and Wildlife Class-9 . Here you can find full description of natural vegetation , biosphere reserves , locations and wildlife as per mentioned in NCERT in a crisp and brief format with all differences mentioned in tables which is more easy to grasp and identify the difference . Everything is explained with the help of images and maps to get known to locations easily . You can find it easy to learn and understand the basics with proper differentiation of every topic . I hope you guys like it and kindly do share and give me ratings.

1. NATURAL VEGETATION
AND
WILDLIFE
By ,
Ojaswini
IX-C

2. WHAT IS VIRGIN VEGETATION ?
• A plant community, which has grown
naturally without human aid and has
been left undisturbed by humans for a
long time.

3. WHAT IS ECOSYSTEM?
• All the plants and animals in a given area
are interlinked and interdependent on
each other as well as the physical
environment , forming an ecosystem .

4. DIFFERENCE BETWEEN FLORAAND FAUNA
FLORA
• Plants of a particular region or
period , listed by species and
considered as a group .
FAUNA
• Species of animals of a given
area .

5. WHAT FACTORS ARE RESPONSIBLE FOR HUGE DIVERSITY IN
FLORAAND FAUNA KINGDOM ?
1.RELIEF
LAND
• Nature of land influences the type of
vegetation.
• Fertile level is generally devoted to
agriculture.
• Undulating and rough terrains are areas
where grassland and woodlands develop
and give shelter to a variety of wildlife.
SOIL
• Different types of soils provide basis for
different types of vegetation.
• Sandy soils of the desert support cactus
and thorny bushes.
• Wet, marshy, deltaic soils support
mangroves and deltaic vegetation.
• The hill slopes with some depth of soil
have conical trees.

6. 2. CLIMATE
TEMPERATURE
• The character and extent of
vegetation are mainly determined
by temperature along with
humidity in the air, precipitation
and soil.
• On the slopes of the Himalayas
and the hills of the Peninsula
above the height of 915 metres,
the fall in the temperature affects
the types of vegetation and its
growth, and changes it from
tropical to subtropical temperate
and alpine vegetation.
PHOTOPERIOD
• The variation in duration of
sunlight at different places is
due to differences in latitude,
altitude, season and duration of
the day.
• Due to longer duration of
sunlight, trees grow faster in
summer.
PRECIPITATION
• In India, almost the entire rainfall is
brought in by the advancing
southwest monsoon (June to
September) and retreating northeast
monsoons.
• Areas of heavy rainfall have more
dense vegetation as compared to
areas of less rainfall.

7. DISCUSS THE STEPS TAKEN TO CONTROL FLORA
AND FAUNA
• Periodic surveys and censuses of plants and animals are undertaken to find out the latest
status and trends in this direction .
• Project Tiger and Project Rhinoceros were undertaken to save them from getting extinct
. There are 16 tiger reserves in the country .
• Wildlife sanctuaries (49) , bird sanctuaries and national parks (89) , have been set up.

8. WHY ARE FORESTS IMPORTANT FOR HUMAN
BEINGS?
• They are renewable resources
• Play a major role in enhancing the quality of environment
• Modify local climate and prevent soil erosion
• Provide livelihood for many communities
• Support a variety of industries
• Controls wind force and temperature and causes rainfall
• Offer panoramic or scenic view for recreation
• Provide shelter to the wildlife
• Provide humus to the soil

9. TYPES
OF
VEGETATION

10. TROPICAL
EVERGREEN
FOREST

11. TROPICAL
EVERGREEN
FOREST
• The height of these trees is 60m or even more .
• These forests are restricted to heavy rainfall.
• It has 200cm rainfall with a short dry season.
• The region is warm and wet throughout the year . It has a
luxuriant vegetation of all kinds of trees , scrubs and
creepers , giving it a multi-layered structure .
• The trees don’t shed leaves in a definite time period .
• Animals found here are elephants , monkeys , deer and
lemur .
• The commercial trees grown here are Ebony , Mahogany,
Rubber , Rosewood and Chinchona .

12. TROPICAL
DECIDUOUS
FOREST

13. TROPICAL DECIDUOUS FOREST
MOIST DECIDUOUS FOREST
• They are found in areas receiving rainfall between
200cm and 100cm or more .
• They are grown mostly in eastern part of the country-
North Eastern states, along the foothills of Himalayas,
Jharkhand, West Orissa and Chhattisgarh.
• Teak ,Bamboo, Sal, Sheesham , Sandalwood, Kusum
and Mulberry are commercially important species .
DRY DECIDUOUS FOREST
• They are found in the areas having rainfall between
100cm and 70cm.
• These forest are found in the ranier parts of the
peninsular plateau and the plains of Bihar and U.P.
• There are open stretches in which teak , sal , neem
and peepal grow.
• Common animals found here are lion , tiger , pig ,
deer and elephant .

14. TROPICAL
THORN
FOREST AND
SCRUBS
• The region receives less than 70cm of rainfall.
• This type of vegetation is found in the North-Western part
of the country , including semi-arid areas of Gujarat,
Rajasthan , Madhya Pradesh , Uttar Pradesh , Haryana and
Chhattisgarh .
• The plant species grown here are Acacias, palms ,
euphorias , etc.
• Trees are scattered and have long roots , penetrating deep
into the soil in order to get moisture .
• Leaves are mainly thick and small to minimize
evaporation.
• The common animals found here are rats , mice , rabbits,
fox , wolf , tiger , lion , horses and camels .

15. MONTANE
FOREST
• There is a change in natural vegetation in the
mountaneous areas , when there is a decrease in
temperature .
• The wet temperature type of forests are found between a
height of 1000 and 2000m.
• At high altitudes , generally more than 3600m above sea
level , temperate forests and grasslands give way to the
alpine vegetation .
• Junipers , pines , silver pearls and birches are the
common trees of these forests .
• At higher altitudes , mosses and lichens from part of
tundra vegetation .
• The common animals found here are spotted deer , wild
sheep and jack rabbit.

16. MANGROOVE
FOREST
• These forests are found in the areas of coasts influenced by
tides .
• Mud and silt get accumulated on such coasts .
• Dense mangroves are the common varities with roots of the
plants submerged under water .
• The deltas of the Ganga , Mahanadi , Krishna , Godavari and
Kaveri are covered by such vegetation .
• In the Ganga-Brahmaputra delta , Sundari trees are found ,
which provide durable hard timber .
• Some of the trees that are grown here are palm , coconut ,
keora and agar .
• Royal Bengal Tiger is the famous animal found here , other
animals found here are gharials , snakes , crocodile and
turtles .

18. MEDICINAL PLANTS
• Sarpagandha : Used to treat blood pressure; it is found only in India.
• Jamun : The juice from ripe fruit is used to prepare vinegar, which is carminative and
diuretic, and has digestive properties. The powder of the seed is used for controlling diabetes.
• Arjun : The fresh juice of leaves is a cure for earache. It is also used to regulate blood
pressure.
• Babool : Leaves are used as a cure for eye sores. Its gum is used as a tonic. Neem : Has high
antibiotic and antibacterial properties.
• Tulsi : Is used to cure cough and cold.
• Kachnar : Is used to cure asthma and ulcers. The buds and roots are good for digestive
problems

19. WILDLIFE

20. BIOSPHERE RESERVES
• Biosphere reserves are multi-purpose protected areas, where
every plant and animal species will be protected in it’s
natural habitat . The major goal of setting up such reserves is
to preserve the genetic diversity in crucial natural
ecosystems.
• To conserve and maintain diversity and integrity of the
natural heritage in it’s full form i.e. physical environment ,
the flora and the fauna .
• To promote research on ecological conservation and other
aspects of environmental preservation .
• To promote facilities for education , awareness and training .

21. NAME THE BIOSPHERE RESERVES IN INDIA
WHERE ARE THEY LOCATED ?
• Nilgiri – at the tri-junction of Kerala , Karnataka and Tamil Nadu .
• Nanda Devi – Uttaranchal
• Nokrek – Meghalaya
• Great Nicobar – Andaman and Nicobar Islands
• Gulf of Mannar – Tamil Nadu
• Manas – Assam
• Sundarbans – West Bengal
• Similipal – Orissa
• Dibru – Saikhova – Assam
• Dihang – Debang – Arunachal Pradesh
• Pachmarhi – Madhya Pradesh
• Khandchendzonga – Sikkim

22. Dihang – Debang Biosphere Reserve

23. WHY ARE SPECIES OF ANIMALS FACING A
MAJOR THREAT OF EXTINCTION ?
• Hunting by greedy hunters for commercial purposes
• Pollution due to chemical and industrial waste , acid deposits
• Introduction of alien species
• Reckless cutting of forests to bring land under cultivation and inhabitations .

24. WHAT ARE THE STEPS TAKEN BY THE
GOVERNMENT TO PROTECT THE FLORAAND
FAUNA OF THE COUNTRY ?
• Fourteen biosphere reserves have been set up in the country to protect flora and
fauna .
• Financial and technical assistance is provided to many Botanical gardens by the
government since 1992 .
• Project Tiger , Project Rhino , Project Great Indian Bustard and many other eco
developmental projects have been introduced .
• 89 National Parks , 49 Wildlife Sanctuaries and Zoological Gardens are set up to
take care of natural heritage .