1. The document discusses five Dravyas - Katuki, Khadira, Pashana bheda, Patala. For each, it covers names, taxonomy, morphology, useful parts, chemical constituents, and traditional uses from Ayurvedic texts. 2. It provides self-study questions at the end of each section asking to write the Rasapanchaka, dosage, and important formulations using that Dravya. 3. The document aims to provide detailed information on these five Dravyas for students of BAMS (Bachelor of Ayurvedic Medicine and Surgery).

1. Katuki, Khadira, Pashana bheda , Patala
Detailed Dravyas for BAMS
Dr. Remya Krishnan MD PhD

2. Katuki
• Picrorhiza curruoa
• Scrophularaceae
• Asoka, Katumbhara, Chakrangi,Matsya sakala
• Charaka – Bhedaniya,Lekhaniya, Sthanya sodhana ,Tikta skandhas
• Susruta – Patoladi, Mustadi, Pippalyadi
• Vagbhata – Patoladi, Mustadi, Pippalyadi
• Bhedana dravya by Sharngdhara

3. Varieties
Katuki and Asokarohini ( E- paniculata)
Morphology
A small hairy perennial herb with a woody elongate creeping root stock
Spathulate , serrate leaves
White or bluish flowers in dense terminal spicate raceme
Fruits ovoid capsules
Dried rhizome is cylincrical , deep greyish brown in colour and longitudinally
wrinkled with annulations at the tip

4. Morphology

5. Useful part and chemical constituents
• Root and Rhizome
• Chemical constituents – D- mannitol, Kutkiol,
Kutkisterol,Apocyanin,Kutki,

6. Self work
• Write RP, DK, BK and RK based on reference
• Dosage -0.5-1 gm
• Yogas – Arogya vardhini, Katukadya ghrita

7. Khadira
• Acacia catechu
• Mimosoideae
• Gayathri, Dantadhavana, Raktasara, Somavalka , Kantaki , Yajniya
• Agrya – “ Kushdhaghnaanaam” ( Cha. Su 28)
• Charaka –Kushdhaghna , Udarda prashamana ,Kashaya skandhas
• Susrutha- Salasaradi
• Vagbhata – Asanadi

8. Varieties
• Khadira and Kadara ( Samhitas)
• Acasia catechu and Acacia suma
• Khadira, Somavalkala ( Dhnwanthari Nighantu)
• Khadira,Somavalkala, Tamrakantaka,Vitkhadira, Arimeda (Raja
Nighantu)
• Valli khadira - Nighanturatnakaram

9. Morphology
• Moderate sized tree with dark greyish brown bark exfoliating in long
narrow strips
• Sapwood yellowish white but heartwood is red
• Leaves are pinnate with a pair of recurved prickles at the base of
rachis
• Pinnae 40-80, small ligulate leaflets
• Dark yellow flowers in cylindrical spikes
• Fruits- Thin glabrous , lustrous, straight dark brown pods

11. Useful part & Chemical constituents
• Heart wood- Catechin, Catechutannic acid
• Gum- L- Arabinose,D- Galactose, D- Rhamnose

12. Self work
• Write BK, DK and RK
• Dosage
Powder – 1-3 gms
Kwatha- 50-100 ml
Heart wood – 0.5- 1 gm
Important yogas : Khadirashataka , Khadiradi vati, Khadiradi taila

13. Pashana bheda
• Rotula aquatica
• Boraginaceae
• Ashmaghna, Upalabdhaka,Sailodbheda
Possible sources in different places
a. Aerva lanata – Amaranthaceae
b. Aerva javanica- Gujarat
c. Ammania baccifera- Kerala
d. Rotula aquatica – Karnataka and Kerala
e. Coleus aromaticus – West Bengal
f. Bryophillum caycinum- West Bengal
g. Ocimum basilicum- Gujarat
h. Berginia ligulate
i. Bridelia montana

14. Morphology
• A small branched shrub , 60-180cms high with numerous short lateral
arrested branches often rooting .
• Leaves simple, nearly sessile , spathulate, rounded at apex,mor eor
less hairy, crowded on the branches
• Flowers pinkish or reddish, shortly pedicellate , single or 2-3 together
on short lateral branches
• Stamens exerted beyond the corolla tube
• Fruits- Sub globose, orange red drupes tipped with remains of style

16. Useful part and chemical constituents
• Root
• Chemical constituents –Rotulin, Allantoin, Sterol, Rhabdiol
• Dosage –
• Powder – 3-6 gms
• Decoction – 50- 100 ml

17. Self study
• Write RP, DK, RK and BK
• Yogas – Pashana bhedadi ghrita,Pashanabhedadi kwatha , Pashana
bhedadi choorna

18. Patala
• Stereospermum sauveolens
• Bignonaceae
• Krishnavrinta , Kaashta patala, Ghanta patala , Tamra pushpi, Madhu
dhuti
• Charaka – Sotha hara
• Susruta – Aragwadhadi , Brihat pancha moola , Adhobhagahara
• Vagbhata – Aragwadhadi

19. Varieties
• Rakta, Tamra pushpa and and Sveta – Bhavamishra
• Morphology
A large deciduous tree 18-30 mtrs in height
Straight trunk and fairly smooth yellowish brown bark
Leaves imparipinnate , large, clustered , towards the end of branchlets
Flowers yellow tinged with red fragnant in lax drooping terminal cymose panicles
Fruits Capsules, cylindrical, slender, curved somewhat rough with elevated white specs
Seeds- Winged , membranous wings
Roots are red brown, cylindrical hard and heavy with transversely extended lenticels

21. Useful part and chemical constituents
• Roots – p- Coumaric acid,Triacontanol, 3 cetyl- alcohol,Oleic, Palmitic,
Stearic acid, Lapachol, n- tria contal, Beta sitosterol etc

22. Self study
• Write RP, DK, BK and RK
• Dosage – Kwatha – 50-100 ml
• Yogas – Indukantham Kashaya , Dasamulam Kashaya , Dasamoola
Hareethaki