This document summarizes the native ornamental flora of Pakistan. It describes over 30 plant species that are native to various regions of Pakistan, including trees, shrubs, herbs, aquatic plants, and bulbs. For each species, it provides the botanical name, family, diagnostic features, habitat, distribution within Pakistan, and importance. Many of the plants have potential for use as ornamental plants, cut flowers, landscape plants, or have medicinal uses. The document emphasizes that Pakistan has a diverse native flora that is well adapted to the local climate with minimal care requirements and could be better utilized and commercialized.
Rosaceae, the rose family, is a medium-sized family of flowering plants, including 4,828 known species in 91 genera. The name is derived from the type genus Rosa
Nursery types, Structure, Components, Planning and Lay out of NurseryParmarManishkumarNar
A nursery is a place, where seedling, saplings, trees, shrubs, and other plant materials are grown and maintained until they are placed in a permanent place.
Rosaceae, the rose family, is a medium-sized family of flowering plants, including 4,828 known species in 91 genera. The name is derived from the type genus Rosa
Nursery types, Structure, Components, Planning and Lay out of NurseryParmarManishkumarNar
A nursery is a place, where seedling, saplings, trees, shrubs, and other plant materials are grown and maintained until they are placed in a permanent place.
Shrubs have many uses within the landscape such as foundation plantings, privacy hedges, and specimen plants. ... Foliage differs from plant to plant, so look for foliage colors that will create a pleasing visual effect and subtle contrast to the other plants within the landscape.
Jasmine- introduction and uses – varieties - soil and climate and planting systems - weed, nutrition and irrigation management – training and pruning – special horticultural practices - role of growth regulators- harvest index and yield
Characterization and the Kinetics of drying at the drying oven and with micro...Open Access Research Paper
The objective of this work is to contribute to valorization de Nephelium lappaceum by the characterization of kinetics of drying of seeds of Nephelium lappaceum. The seeds were dehydrated until a constant mass respectively in a drying oven and a microwawe oven. The temperatures and the powers of drying are respectively: 50, 60 and 70°C and 140, 280 and 420 W. The results show that the curves of drying of seeds of Nephelium lappaceum do not present a phase of constant kinetics. The coefficients of diffusion vary between 2.09.10-8 to 2.98. 10-8m-2/s in the interval of 50°C at 70°C and between 4.83×10-07 at 9.04×10-07 m-8/s for the powers going of 140 W with 420 W the relation between Arrhenius and a value of energy of activation of 16.49 kJ. mol-1 expressed the effect of the temperature on effective diffusivity.
Climate Change All over the World .pptxsairaanwer024
Climate change refers to significant and lasting changes in the average weather patterns over periods ranging from decades to millions of years. It encompasses both global warming driven by human emissions of greenhouse gases and the resulting large-scale shifts in weather patterns. While climate change is a natural phenomenon, human activities, particularly since the Industrial Revolution, have accelerated its pace and intensity
Prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii infection in domestic animals in District Ban...Open Access Research Paper
Toxoplasma gondii is an intracellular zoonotic protozoan parasite, infect both humans and animals population worldwide. It can also cause abortion and inborn disease in humans and livestock population. In the present study total of 313 domestic animals were screened for Toxoplasma gondii infection. Of which 45 cows, 55 buffalos, 68 goats, 60 sheep and 85 shaver chicken were tested. Among these 40 (88.88%) cows were negative and 05 (11.12%) were positive. Similarly 55 (92.72%) buffalos were negative and 04 (07.28%) were positive. In goats 68 (98.52%) were negative and 01 (01.48%) was recorded positive. In sheep and shaver chicken the infection were not recorded.
WRI’s brand new “Food Service Playbook for Promoting Sustainable Food Choices” gives food service operators the very latest strategies for creating dining environments that empower consumers to choose sustainable, plant-rich dishes. This research builds off our first guide for food service, now with industry experience and insights from nearly 350 academic trials.
"Understanding the Carbon Cycle: Processes, Human Impacts, and Strategies for...MMariSelvam4
The carbon cycle is a critical component of Earth's environmental system, governing the movement and transformation of carbon through various reservoirs, including the atmosphere, oceans, soil, and living organisms. This complex cycle involves several key processes such as photosynthesis, respiration, decomposition, and carbon sequestration, each contributing to the regulation of carbon levels on the planet.
Human activities, particularly fossil fuel combustion and deforestation, have significantly altered the natural carbon cycle, leading to increased atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations and driving climate change. Understanding the intricacies of the carbon cycle is essential for assessing the impacts of these changes and developing effective mitigation strategies.
By studying the carbon cycle, scientists can identify carbon sources and sinks, measure carbon fluxes, and predict future trends. This knowledge is crucial for crafting policies aimed at reducing carbon emissions, enhancing carbon storage, and promoting sustainable practices. The carbon cycle's interplay with climate systems, ecosystems, and human activities underscores its importance in maintaining a stable and healthy planet.
In-depth exploration of the carbon cycle reveals the delicate balance required to sustain life and the urgent need to address anthropogenic influences. Through research, education, and policy, we can work towards restoring equilibrium in the carbon cycle and ensuring a sustainable future for generations to come.
Artificial Reefs by Kuddle Life Foundation - May 2024punit537210
Situated in Pondicherry, India, Kuddle Life Foundation is a charitable, non-profit and non-governmental organization (NGO) dedicated to improving the living standards of coastal communities and simultaneously placing a strong emphasis on the protection of marine ecosystems.
One of the key areas we work in is Artificial Reefs. This presentation captures our journey so far and our learnings. We hope you get as excited about marine conservation and artificial reefs as we are.
Please visit our website: https://kuddlelife.org
Our Instagram channel:
@kuddlelifefoundation
Our Linkedin Page:
https://www.linkedin.com/company/kuddlelifefoundation/
and write to us if you have any questions:
info@kuddlelife.org
Willie Nelson Net Worth: A Journey Through Music, Movies, and Business Venturesgreendigital
Willie Nelson is a name that resonates within the world of music and entertainment. Known for his unique voice, and masterful guitar skills. and an extraordinary career spanning several decades. Nelson has become a legend in the country music scene. But, his influence extends far beyond the realm of music. with ventures in acting, writing, activism, and business. This comprehensive article delves into Willie Nelson net worth. exploring the various facets of his career that have contributed to his large fortune.
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Introduction
Willie Nelson net worth is a testament to his enduring influence and success in many fields. Born on April 29, 1933, in Abbott, Texas. Nelson's journey from a humble beginning to becoming one of the most iconic figures in American music is nothing short of inspirational. His net worth, which estimated to be around $25 million as of 2024. reflects a career that is as diverse as it is prolific.
Early Life and Musical Beginnings
Humble Origins
Willie Hugh Nelson was born during the Great Depression. a time of significant economic hardship in the United States. Raised by his grandparents. Nelson found solace and inspiration in music from an early age. His grandmother taught him to play the guitar. setting the stage for what would become an illustrious career.
First Steps in Music
Nelson's initial foray into the music industry was fraught with challenges. He moved to Nashville, Tennessee, to pursue his dreams, but success did not come . Working as a songwriter, Nelson penned hits for other artists. which helped him gain a foothold in the competitive music scene. His songwriting skills contributed to his early earnings. laying the foundation for his net worth.
Rise to Stardom
Breakthrough Albums
The 1970s marked a turning point in Willie Nelson's career. His albums "Shotgun Willie" (1973), "Red Headed Stranger" (1975). and "Stardust" (1978) received critical acclaim and commercial success. These albums not only solidified his position in the country music genre. but also introduced his music to a broader audience. The success of these albums played a crucial role in boosting Willie Nelson net worth.
Iconic Songs
Willie Nelson net worth is also attributed to his extensive catalog of hit songs. Tracks like "Blue Eyes Crying in the Rain," "On the Road Again," and "Always on My Mind" have become timeless classics. These songs have not only earned Nelson large royalties but have also ensured his continued relevance in the music industry.
Acting and Film Career
Hollywood Ventures
In addition to his music career, Willie Nelson has also made a mark in Hollywood. His distinctive personality and on-screen presence have landed him roles in several films and television shows. Notable appearances include roles in "The Electric Horseman" (1979), "Honeysuckle Rose" (1980), and "Barbarosa" (1982). These acting gigs have added a significant amount to Willie Nelson net worth.
Television Appearances
Nelson's char
UNDERSTANDING WHAT GREEN WASHING IS!.pdfJulietMogola
Many companies today use green washing to lure the public into thinking they are conserving the environment but in real sense they are doing more harm. There have been such several cases from very big companies here in Kenya and also globally. This ranges from various sectors from manufacturing and goes to consumer products. Educating people on greenwashing will enable people to make better choices based on their analysis and not on what they see on marketing sites.
2. Natives
• Naturally occurring plants in a particular region.
• Developed, naturalized or existed for many years in an
area.
• Part of natural landscape of that area due to:
– Evolution
– Seed dispersal by birds, animals, wind, or water.
• Many native plants are very beautiful but underused in
landscape or as cut flowers.
3. Potential of Pakistan Native Ornamental Species
• Diversity of flora and climate of comparable size
• 6000 native species of flowering plants reported in Flora
of Pakistan found wildly in different phytogeographical
regions
• Acclimatized well in our regions
• Easily grow with minimal care and less water, fertilizer
and pesticide.
• The only need is to collect and commercialize them.
• Patent Rights and registration
4. Gwarikh (Wild Tulip)
• B.N: Tulipa uniflora
• Family: Liliaceae
• Diagnostic features
Herb annual, bulbiferous, 2-6 strap shape
waxy leaves, 12-20 inch plant, cup shape flower, 3
sepals, 5 petals, red and yellow of colors
• Habitat
Climate with long cool spring and dry
summers, Dormancy period, 3-4ft deep
• Distribution
Salt range and Baluchistan (Quetta)
• Importance
Cut flower, bedding plant, salad, bulbs for
cooking, dry bulb powder
5. Jangli Piaz (football lily)
• B.N: Allium capsicum
• Family: Liliaceae
• Diagnostic features
Herbs annual, bulbiferous, 2-6 strap shape
leaves, 12-20 inch plant, Umbel flower, like foot
ball, purple in colour
• Habitat
Climate with long cool spring and dry
summers, Dormancy period, 3-4ft deep
• Distribution
Salt range and Baluchistan (Quetta)
• Importance
Cut flower, bedding plant, salad, bulbs for
cooking, medicine
6. Karoskai
• B.N: Berberis baluchistanica
• Family: Berberidaceae
• Diagnostic features
Perennial shrub, lobed leaves, cluster of
flowers in yellow colour
Habitat
dry regions
• Distribution
Baluchistan, Punjab
• Importance
Ornamental plant, antibacterial, treatments
of Escherichia coli, stimulate digestion, reduce
gastrointestinal pains
7. Poppy (post)
• B.N: Papaver dubium
• Family: Papaveraceae
• Diagnostic features
Herbs annual, pinnately lobed leaves,
solitary cup shape flower, red in colour
• Habitat
Subtropical, temperate well drained soil
• Distribution
Baluchistan, northern areas
• Importance
Landscape plant, tea, oil, extracted from
the seeds, used by artists as a medium for colours,
red dye, drugs, medicine
8. Somlatha
• B.N: Ephedra distachya
• Family: Ephedraceae
• Diagnostic features
Evergreen shrub growing to 1 m,
Branchlets green, ascending, striate, smooth,
flowers cluster obtuse
Habitat
Semi-desert and desert regions
Distribution
provincial flower of the Balochistan
Importance
ornamental, tea, treatment of asthma, hay
fever, and the common cold, relieve acute
muscular pains
9. Gul-e-Nargis (Wild Narcissus)
• B.N: Narcissus poeticus
• Family: Amaryllidaceae
• Diagnostic features
Herbs perennial, bulbiferous, Leaves
basal, linear, 12-20 inch plant, hollow stem,
actinomorphic solitary flower, white and yellow,
• Habitat
Temperate climate, Dormancy period,
low marshes to rocky hillsides
Distribution
Northern areas, Murree, Islambad,
Importance
Cut flower, bedding plant, fragrant, salad,
bulbs for cooking, medicine
10. (Wild Iris)
• B.N: Iris hookeriana
• Family: Iridaceae
• Diagnostic features
Herbs perennial, bulbiferous, 2-6 strap
shape waxy leaves, 12-20 inch plant, blue and
white solitary flowers
• Habitat
Temperate to subtropical, alpine measows
• Distribution
Murree, Islambad, Hazara, Chitral
• Importance
Cut flower, bedding plant, salad, bulbs for
cooking, juice for cosmetics,
11. Monks hood
• B.N: Aconitum chasmanthum
• Family: Ranunculaceae
• Diagnostic features
Tall herb perennial, leaves 3-lobed with
coarse sharp teeth, 2 to 4 petal blue flowers, 3-5
carples
Habitat
Temperate, moisture-retentive but well-
draining soils
• Distribution
Kashmir, Kaghan, Chitral, Gilgit in august
• Importance
Landscape plant, roots provide poison, use
for hunting, use in medicines
12. Delphinium
• B.N: Delphinium roylei
• Family: Ranunculaceae
• Diagnostic features
4 m tall herb perennial, leaves deeply
lobed , blue flowers, erect racemed inflorence,
Habitat
Temperate, well-draining soils
• Distribution
Sawat, Hazara, Kaghan, Chitral, Murree in august,
plains of punjab in march
• Importance
Landscape plant, Cut flower, roots provide
poison, treat intestinal worms, as a sedative to
cause relaxation.
13. Granny's Bonnet
• B.N: Aquilegia fragrans
• Family: Ranunculaceae
• Diagnostic features
Herb perennial, leaves compound, solitary
flowers, purple, white, blue nodding
Habitat
Temperate, meadows, wetlands
• Distribution
Sawat, Hazara,, Chitral, Murree in august,
Importance
Landscape plant, flowers are sweets use in
salads, tea, treatment of affections of the nervous
system
14. Butter cup
• B.N: Ranunculus acris
• Family: Ranunculaceae
• Diagnostic features
Annual herb, lobed leaves, solitary
flowers, yellow, white, red etc,
Habitat
Temperate, high alpine environments
• Distribution
Sawat, Hazara, Chitral, Murree in august,
Importance
Landscape plant, cut flower, ongoing
(chronic) skin problems, nerve pain and
bronchitis.
15. Peony
• B.N: Paeonia emodi
• Family: Paeoniaceae
• Diagnostic features
50 cm tall shrub, white and yellow flowers
solitary, 10 petals,
• Habitat
Moist, shady slopes
Distribution
Chitral, Sawat, kaghan, Hazara, Kashmir
Importance
Ornamental plants, medicinal plant used in
the treatment of hypertension, asthma, uterine
diseases, used as an anticoagulant.
16. Sophora
• B.N: Saphora mollis
• Family: Fabaceae
• Diagnostic features
Small tree, yellow flowers in clusters,
seeds pods are like legumes
• Habitat
Temperate, subtropical, shady areas
• Distribution
Salt range, Islambad, Murree, Naran,
Kaghan, Chitral
Importance
ornamental plant, woody cut flower,
hedge, screening, specimen plant
17. Blue Ppppy
• B.N: Meconopsis aculeate
• Family: Papaveraceae
• Diagnostic features
Prickly perennial herb, 40-60 cm tall,
radical leaves, solitary cup shape flower, blue in
colour
• Habitat
Temperate, shade, alpine rocks, steep
places
• Distribution
Hazara, Gilgit, Chitral, Sawat
Importance
Natural landscape plant, ornamental plant,
anti-inflammatory
18. Musk Rose
• B.N: Rosa brunonii
• Family: Rosaceae
• Diagnostic features
Shrub with usually climbing stems up to
10 m long, narrowly ovate leaves, serrated
margins, flowers in cluster, white,
• Habitat
Temperate, marshy araes
• Distribution
Murree, Northern areas of pakistan
Importance
ornamental plant, hips tea, oil,
19. Azalea
• B.N: Rhododendron ponticum
• Family: Ericaceae
• Diagnostic features
small tree growing to 5 m, leaves are
evergreen, 6 to 18 cm long and 2 to 5 cm, violet-
purple flower, with small greenish-yellow spots
• Habitat
Temperate, alpine
Distribution
provincial flower of the Azad jammu
Kashmir, Murree, Kaghan Valley
Importance
ornamental tree, rootstock, toxic
20. Chir
• B.N: Pinus roxburghaii
• Family: Pinaceae
• Diagnostic features
30–50 m long tree, bark is red-brown,
scales, male and female cone
• Habitat
Temperate, slopes mountains,
• Distribution
North-West Frontier Province, Azad
Kashmir, Margalla Hills, Islamabad, Murree
Importance
Natural landscape plant, ornamental plant,
timber, fuel, furniture
21. Juniper
• B.N: Juniperus excelsa
• Family: Cupressaceae
• Diagnostic features
6–20 metres tall tree, broadly conical to
rounded or irregular crown, needle-like leaves,
cones are berry-like
Habitat
Temperate, slopes mountains,
• Distribution
North-West Frontier Province, Azad
Kashmir, Margalla Hills, Islamabad, Murree
Importance
Natural landscape plant, ornamental plant,
timber, fuel, furniture, seed and leave oil
22. Silver Fir
• B.N: Abies pindrow
• Family: Pinaceae
• Diagnostic features
40–60 metres talltree, conical crown with
level branches, greyish-pink needle leaves, cones
• Habitat
Temperate, hills, slopes mountains,
• Distribution
North-West Frontier Province, Azad
Kashmir, Margalla Hills, Islamabad, Murree
Importance
Natural landscape plant, ornamental plant,
timber, fuel, furniture
23. Deodar
• B.N: Cedrus deodara
• Family: Pinaceae
• Diagnostic features
40–50 metres tall tree, conical crown with
level and drooping branches, bright green to
glaucous blue-green needle leaves, cones
• Habitat
Temperate, hills, slopes mountains,
• Distribution
North-West Frontier Province, Islamabad,
Murree
Importance
Natural landscape plant, ornamental plant,
timber, fuel, furniture
24. Chinar
• B.N: Platanus orientalis
• Family: Platanaceae
• Diagnostic features
30 m tall tree, spreading crown. Maple like
deeply lobed leaves, cones
• Habitat
Temperate, hills, slopes mountains,
• Distribution
North-West Frontier Province, Islamabad,
Murree
Importance
ornamental plant, timber, fuel, furniture,
construction, roofing
25. Whorl flower
• B.N: Morina longifolia
• Family: Morinaceae
• Diagnostic features
evergreen Perennial growing to 0.6 m,
flowers are hermaphrodite, leaves have spines
Habitat
open slopes, sami shade
Distribution
provincial flower of the NWFP
Importance
ornamental, stem, leaves and flowers are
used in the treatment of stomach disorders such as
indigestion giving rise to vomiting and nausea.
26. Bhekkar
• B.N: Justicia adhatoda
• Family: Acanthaceae
• Diagnostic features
Shrub with lance-shaped leaves 10 to 15
cm, oppositely arranged, smooth-edged, and borne
on short petioles, white flowers
Habitat
Subtropical, Dry plains
• Distribution
provincial flower of the Punjab
Importance
Ornamental, leaves contain alkaloids,
bronchodilator, acting as a respiratory stimulant to
help breathing issues.
27. Water crowfoots
• B.N: Batrachium trichophyllum
• Family: Ranunculaceae
• Diagnostic features
Aquatic , needle like leaves, white and
yellow flower, 5 petals
• Habitat
wetlands, ponds
• Distribution
Northern Punjab, NWFP, northern
Baluchistan
Importance
Part of natural landscape, water gardens
28. Water lily
• B.N: Nymphaea mexicana
• Family: Nymphaeaceae
• Diagnostic features
Aquatic , sub orbicular leaves floating on
water level, white yellow flowers,
• Habitat
fresh water
• Distribution
Punjab, Sindh, Kashmir
• Importance
Part of natural landscape, water gardens,
symbol, antiseptic, treatment of diarrhea, sedative
effect on the nervous system
29. Kanwal (Lotus)
• B.N: Nelumbo nucifera
• Family: Nymphaeaceae
• Diagnostic features
Aquatic , orbicular leaves above the water
level, white pink flowers,
• Habitat
wetlands, ponds
• Distribution
Punjab, Sindh
• Importance
Part of natural landscape, water gardens,
edible, salads, fibers, symbol
30. Water hyacinth
• B.N: Eichhornia crassipes
• Family: Pontederiaceae
• Diagnostic features
Aquatic , sub orbicular leaves floating on
water level, light purple solitary flowers,
• Habitat
Mashie areas, ponds
• Distribution
Punjab, provisional flower of Sindh,
Kashmir
• Importance
Part of natural landscape, water gardens,
symbol, poisonous, use in medicine
31. Lantana
• B.N: Lantana camara
• Family: Verbenaceae
• Diagnostic features
small perennial shrub which can grow to
around 2m in height, small tubular shaped flowers
4 petals, make cluster, leaves are egg-shaped have
hairs
• Habitat
subtropical, full sun
Distribution
Punjab, drought areas of Baluchistan
Importance
ornamental plant, leaves are boiled and
applied for swellings and pain of the body. Bark is
use as lotion for skin diseases
32. Jangli Khajoor
• B.N: Phoenix sylvestris
• Family: Arecaceae
• Diagnostic features
4 to 15 m in heighted tree, leaves are 3 m
long, gently recurved, inflorescence grows to 1m
with white, unisexual flowers, fruit ripens to a
purple-red colour
• Habitat
Subtropical, dry areas
• Distribution
Sindh, Punjab
Importance
ornamental plant, fruit, mates, bags
33. Kair
• B.N: Capparis decidua
• Family: Capparaceae
• Diagnostic features
small much branched tree or shrub,
Leaves present on young twigs, orange to brick
red colour flowers, spines
• Habitat
desert, dry conditions,
• Distribution
Thal deserts, Dry regions of Punjab
Importance
ornamental plant, fruit in pickles, as
vegetable, folk medicine,