The document discusses postponement strategies in supply chain management. It defines postponement strategy as delaying supply chain activities until customer demand is known to balance costs and responsiveness. The main types are purchasing, manufacturing, logistics, and time postponement. Postponement strategies help reduce costs and risks while improving flexibility. Companies implement postponement by having modular product designs and flexible, information-rich operations. The presenter proposes studying postponement strategies through company surveys and case studies.
Development of a family of products that satisfies different sectors of the market introduces significant challenges to todayโs manufacturing industries โ from development time to aftermarket services. A product family with a common platform paradigm offers a powerful solution to these daunting challenges. The Comprehensive Product Platform Planning (CP3) framework formulates a flexible product family model that (i) seeks to eliminate traditional boundaries between modular and scalable families, (ii) allows the formation of sub-families of products, and (iii) yield the optimal depth and number of platforms. In this paper, the CP3 framework introduces a solution strategy that obviates common assumptions; namely (i) the identification of platform/non-platform design variables and the determination of variable values are separate processes, and (ii) the cost reduction of creating product platforms is independent of the total number of each product manufactured. A new Cost Decay Function (CDF) is developed to approximate the reduction in cost with increasing commonalities among products, for a specified capacity of production. The Mixed Integer Non-Liner Programming (MINLP) problem, presented by the CP3 model, is solved using a novel Platform Segregating Mapping Function (PSMF). The proposed CP3 framework is implemented on a family of universal electric motors.
This presentation gives an insight in basic infrared technology (over the entire infrared wavelength range) and infrared applications.
You can find a recording of the presentation at https://imec.csod.com/default.aspx?p=imec&c=Guest&dlink=%2fDeepLink%2fProcessRedirect.aspx%3fmodule%3dlodetails%26lo%3da02ef314-45e0-4518-9f32-50a63a9ed2f0
The Training is a 1 day course covering impartation knowledge of Kaizen and its associated Tools and;ย -application of Lean concepts to lead Kaizen Workshop/s with Innovation Projects for Change in a World Class Manufacturing Environment.
This training aims to impart a systematic review on all the critical aspects of Lean use to; lead Kaizen workshop and presentation using Standardize Kaizen form and methodology with;
Innovation to be competitive in the Global Business Environment.
COURSE CONTENT
Kaizen, its definition and Principles
Kaizen definition, Innovation Definition
Kaizen vs Innovation
Characteristics of a Lean Factory
Cellular Factory Layout
Multi-skilled Operators
6S and Visual Control
Kanban and Supermarkets
Rapid Changeover
Total Quality Approach
Right-sized, flexible equipment
Water Strider
Moving Production Lines
Total Productive Maintenance
Continuous Improvement
The 3 Pillars of Kaizen
1. 6S (5+1S) Housekeeping
2. Waste Elimination
- Types of Waste CLOSEDMITT
- Valued-added vs Non-value
added
3. Standard Operation
Three factors that accounts the 3 Pillars Activities.
1. Visual management,
2. The role of the supervisor,
3. Importance of training and
creating a learning
organization.
Innovation & Workshop Projects
Types of Innovation in Kaizen. Why Innovation?
Degree of Innovation-the act of creating new products,
processes, ideas, etc...
Examples of Types of Innovation
Innovating Process using Typicalย Kaizenย concepts (Lean
methods)
Phase 1: Pre-Planning for Innovation
Phase 2: Execution - Innovation Week
Role of Leader, Facilitator, Participant in Innovation
Projects
Innovation Projects Implementation using Kaizen Forms for:
Daily and Weekly Report Outs
Follow-up for further Innovation
ย
In an ideal lean supply chain, everything would be produced and consumed at the rate of end-customer demand. Unfortunately, itโs necessary to forecast demand and build inventory into stock.
In this 1-hour webinar, learn why we need inventory, what drives it in our supply chain, and how to reduce it for real.
We will explore best practices and strategies in:
Inventory visibility
Inventory stratification and stability
Inventory replenishment
*This webinar is part of a special โGo to the Gembaโ series where we interview different industry supply chain professionals about how they use lean principles and tools to solve their challenges.
Development of a family of products that satisfies different sectors of the market introduces significant challenges to todayโs manufacturing industries โ from development time to aftermarket services. A product family with a common platform paradigm offers a powerful solution to these daunting challenges. The Comprehensive Product Platform Planning (CP3) framework formulates a flexible product family model that (i) seeks to eliminate traditional boundaries between modular and scalable families, (ii) allows the formation of sub-families of products, and (iii) yield the optimal depth and number of platforms. In this paper, the CP3 framework introduces a solution strategy that obviates common assumptions; namely (i) the identification of platform/non-platform design variables and the determination of variable values are separate processes, and (ii) the cost reduction of creating product platforms is independent of the total number of each product manufactured. A new Cost Decay Function (CDF) is developed to approximate the reduction in cost with increasing commonalities among products, for a specified capacity of production. The Mixed Integer Non-Liner Programming (MINLP) problem, presented by the CP3 model, is solved using a novel Platform Segregating Mapping Function (PSMF). The proposed CP3 framework is implemented on a family of universal electric motors.
This presentation gives an insight in basic infrared technology (over the entire infrared wavelength range) and infrared applications.
You can find a recording of the presentation at https://imec.csod.com/default.aspx?p=imec&c=Guest&dlink=%2fDeepLink%2fProcessRedirect.aspx%3fmodule%3dlodetails%26lo%3da02ef314-45e0-4518-9f32-50a63a9ed2f0
The Training is a 1 day course covering impartation knowledge of Kaizen and its associated Tools and;ย -application of Lean concepts to lead Kaizen Workshop/s with Innovation Projects for Change in a World Class Manufacturing Environment.
This training aims to impart a systematic review on all the critical aspects of Lean use to; lead Kaizen workshop and presentation using Standardize Kaizen form and methodology with;
Innovation to be competitive in the Global Business Environment.
COURSE CONTENT
Kaizen, its definition and Principles
Kaizen definition, Innovation Definition
Kaizen vs Innovation
Characteristics of a Lean Factory
Cellular Factory Layout
Multi-skilled Operators
6S and Visual Control
Kanban and Supermarkets
Rapid Changeover
Total Quality Approach
Right-sized, flexible equipment
Water Strider
Moving Production Lines
Total Productive Maintenance
Continuous Improvement
The 3 Pillars of Kaizen
1. 6S (5+1S) Housekeeping
2. Waste Elimination
- Types of Waste CLOSEDMITT
- Valued-added vs Non-value
added
3. Standard Operation
Three factors that accounts the 3 Pillars Activities.
1. Visual management,
2. The role of the supervisor,
3. Importance of training and
creating a learning
organization.
Innovation & Workshop Projects
Types of Innovation in Kaizen. Why Innovation?
Degree of Innovation-the act of creating new products,
processes, ideas, etc...
Examples of Types of Innovation
Innovating Process using Typicalย Kaizenย concepts (Lean
methods)
Phase 1: Pre-Planning for Innovation
Phase 2: Execution - Innovation Week
Role of Leader, Facilitator, Participant in Innovation
Projects
Innovation Projects Implementation using Kaizen Forms for:
Daily and Weekly Report Outs
Follow-up for further Innovation
ย
In an ideal lean supply chain, everything would be produced and consumed at the rate of end-customer demand. Unfortunately, itโs necessary to forecast demand and build inventory into stock.
In this 1-hour webinar, learn why we need inventory, what drives it in our supply chain, and how to reduce it for real.
We will explore best practices and strategies in:
Inventory visibility
Inventory stratification and stability
Inventory replenishment
*This webinar is part of a special โGo to the Gembaโ series where we interview different industry supply chain professionals about how they use lean principles and tools to solve their challenges.
Current labs can greatly benefit from a digital transformation.
FAIR data principles are crucial in this process.
Laying a solid data governance foundation is an invaluable long-term move.
Slides and notes from a presentation that I gave as part of a masterclass for library managers in April 2008. Some slides contain links and the slides are best read in conjunction with the notes that appear at the bottom of the slideshare screen.
What are the main advantages of using HR recruiter services.pdfHumanResourceDimensi1
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HR recruiter services offer top talents to companies according to their specific needs. They handle all recruitment tasks from job posting to onboarding and help companies concentrate on their business growth. With their expertise and years of experience, they streamline the hiring process and save time and resources for the company.
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1. Postponement
Strategy
In Supply Chain Management
Johnny WAN
22nd March 2006
2. Who am I?
Grew up in Hong Kong, China
1st year PhD student of the Centre for
Strategy and Performance (CSP)
Dr Ken Platts is my supervisor
This month is my 6th month in Cambridge
3. Struggle
I am struggling in building the conceptual framework
at this moment.
Advices and comments from all of you are welcome
after the presentation.
At any time, be my mentors.
4. The story beginsโฆ
While I was having my MPhil thesis viva,
At the end, one panel member suddenly
pointed at a bottle of mineral water in
front of him and asked me
5. โMr. Wan, what postponement strategy
has been used for making this bottle of
water?โ
Letโs think about itโฆ
6. Presentation Outline
1. What is a postponement strategy?
2. What are the types of postponement strategies?
3. Why using a postponement strategy?
4. How a postponement strategy works?
5. What companies are using postponement
strategies?
6. What are my preliminary research directions?
7. What is a postponement strategy?
What are the types of postponement strategies?
Why using a postponement strategy?
How a postponement strategy works?
What companies are using postponement strategies?
What are my preliminary research directions?
8. A postponement strategy aims at
delaying some supply chain activities
until customer demand is revealed in
order to maintain both low systemwide
cost and fast response.
9. First suggested by Alderson in 1950
Followed by Bucklin in 1965
Became popular since 1990s (Lee, van Hoek
and Yang)
10. A supply chain
Forecast driven information Demand driven information
purchasing manufacturing storage & delivery
X X X
Physical product flow
Monetary flow
11. What is a postponement strategy?
What are the types of postponement strategies?
Why using a postponement strategy?
How a postponement strategy works?
What companies are using postponement strategies?
What are my preliminary research directions?
12. Four Major Strategies
Purchasing postponement
Delay purchasing of some expensive and fragile
materials
Manufacturing postponement
Products in semi-finished forms and can be
customized quickly in production facilities
Logistics postponement
Products in semi-finished forms and can be
customized quickly in production facilities close to
customers
Time postponement
Finished products are kept in central location and are
distributed quickly to customers
13. Purchasing Postponement
Demand driven information
purchasing manufacturing storage & delivery
X
Physical product flow
14. Purchasing postponement
Delay purchasing of some expensive and fragile
materials
Manufacturing postponement
Products in semi-finished forms and can be
customized quickly in production facilities
Logistics postponement
Products in semi-finished forms and can be
customized quickly in production facilities close to
customers
Time postponement
Finished products are kept in central location and are
distributed quickly to customers
15. Manufacturing Postponement
Forecast driven
Demand driven information
information
purchasing manufacturing storage & delivery
X
Physical product flow
16. Purchasing postponement
Delay purchasing of some expensive and fragile
materials
Manufacturing postponement
Products in semi-finished forms and can be
customized quickly in production facilities
Logistics postponement
Products in semi-finished forms and can be
customized quickly in production facilities close to
customers
Time postponement
Finished products are kept in central location and are
distributed quickly to customers
17. Logistics Postponement
Forecast driven information Demand driven information
storage, light
manufacturing &
purchasing manufacturing
delivery
X
Physical product flow
18. Purchasing postponement
Delay purchasing of some expensive and fragile
materials
Manufacturing postponement
Products in semi-finished forms and can be
customized quickly in production facilities
Logistics postponement
Products in semi-finished forms and can be
customized quickly in production facilities close to
customers
Time postponement
Finished products are kept in central location and are
distributed quickly to customers
19. Logistics Postponement
Forecast driven information Demand driven information
purchasing manufacturing storage & delivery
X
Physical product flow
20. Other Postponement Strategies
Product development postponement
Delay critical product development decision
Price postponement
Delay the pricing decision until customer demand is known
Postponement of passage of title
Delay the transfer of product ownership from seller to buyer
Demand postponement
Split demand due to capacity constraint
21. What is a postponement strategy?
What are the types of postponement strategies?
Why using a postponement strategy?
How a postponement strategy works?
What companies are using postponement strategies?
What are my preliminary research directions?
23. What is a postponement strategy?
What are the types of postponement strategies?
Why using a postponement strategy?
How a postponement strategy works?
What companies are using postponement strategies?
What are my preliminary research directions?
24. Requirements
High product variety
Modular and standardized product design
Flexible manufacturing system
Real time information and communication
Fast response logistics
Strategic supplier relationship
25. Example: A Sony PSP Supply Chain
Products sold in Japan, HK, China and Taiwan
Total number of units sold is roughly estimated
But, the number of units sold in each location is
unknown
Products are highly modular and standardized
Differences in
Manual and packaging (different languages)
Plugs (different sockets)
26. Option 1: Time Postponement
+ Traditional
Chinese
peripherals
Hong Kong
Traditional
+ Chinese
peripherals
Taiwan
+ Japanese
peripherals
Japan
Simplified
+ Chinese
peripherals
China
Finished product stored in any
one location
27. Option 2: Manufacturing/logistics Postponement
Traditional
+ Chinese
peripherals
Hong Kong
System
+ Traditional
Chinese
peripherals
Taiwan
+
+ Japanese
peripherals
Japan
+ Simplified
Chinese
peripherals
China
29. What is a postponement strategy?
What are the types of postponement strategies?
Why using a postponement strategy?
How a postponement strategy works?
What companies are using postponement strategies?
What are my preliminary research directions?
30. Germany (Automobile) Japan (Electronics) Japan (Automobile)
US (E-commerce) US (Computer)
Italy (Fashion) US (Breaker
Manufacturing)
US (Printers)
Sweden (Furniture)
US (Storage Devices)
US (Semiconductors)
31. What is a postponement strategy?
What are the types of postponement strategies?
Why using a postponement strategy?
How a postponement strategy works?
What companies are using postponement strategies?
What are my preliminary research directions?
32. Option 1: Company Level Survey
Collect quantitative data by sending questionnaires
to a large number of target respondents
Employ statistical techniques such as structural
equation modelling or regression to confirm the
causal relationship between
Company capabilities (requirements) and different
postponement strategies
Postponement strategy and competitive advantage
Competitive advantage and organizational performance
33. information
modularity logistics
Capabilities of
a company
supplier
management FMS
Choose the Competitive Organizational
right strategy Advantage performance
34. Option 2: Company Level Case Study
Collect qualitative data through participations,
interviews and observations of some selected
companies
Explore more requirements to enable
postponement strategy implementation in
different situations
35. information logistics
modularity FMS
Capabilities of
a company
supplier
management ?
? ?
36. The story endsโฆ
โMr. Wan, what postponement strategy
has been used for making this bottle of
water?โ
I replied
โIs it the postponement of getting my
degree?โ
37. In order not to let the history repeat
itself, your comments are valuable.
Thank you.
Email: cljw2@cam.ac.uk