Discuss the sub elements of worksite hazard analysis
Identify typical hazards in the workplace
Review various techniques that can be used to identify hazards in the workplace
A presentation for training Safety Committees and others with accident prevention duties. This format replaces the "checklist inspection" with a method that stresses "what can happen" - a job analysis approach to safety audits.
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2. Objectives
Discuss the sub elements of worksite hazard
analysis
Identify typical hazards in the workplace
Review various techniques that can be used
to identify hazards in the workplace
3. Plan for Worksite Analysis
Comprehensive Facility
Surveys
Change Analysis
Routine Job Hazard
Analysis (JHA)
Periodic and Daily
Inspections
4. Job Safety Analysis Worksheet Date:
Title of Job/Operation: Exotic Plant Removal Log Number:
Employee Name and Job Title: Analyst and Date:
Division/Bureau/Section:
Recreation and Parks
Approved By and Date:
J.E. Smyth 2/17/06
Personal Protective Equipment Required or Recommended: Hat, gloves, sunscreen
Sequence of Basic Job Steps Potential Accidents or Hazards* Recommended Safe Job Procedures
Getting ready, driving to the site training equipment, road conditions, traffic
accidents
Driving conditions, driver training, wear
seatbelts, check tires for proper inflation,
drive with headlights on, be aware of the
surroundings, use cell phone/radio, carry
fire extinguisher and jumper cables
Unloading Strain
Slip/trip/fall
Use proper lifting techniques and obtain
assistance of coworker
At site: knowing plant
location (asses site
conditions and walk area)
Insect, animals, plants
Plant contact with skin
Environmental exposure
First aid kit/training
Proper PPE
Know signs of heat stress and have fluids
available. Take frequent breaks. Use
sunscreen and wear long sleeve shorts
and pants. Seek cover in inclement
weather conditions. I.D. escape route
Record data Environmental Exposure
Bag Plant Repetitive motion
Exposure to elements-Insect bites, snakes
Frequent breaks
PPE and be alert
Load trucks Large heavy bags Use wheelbarrow and proper lifting
techniques
Return/Unload trucks Lifting, slipping on bed on truck Proper PPE and lifting techniques
Struck By (SB) Caught On (CO) Fall To Below (FB)
Struck Against (SA) Caught In (CI) Overexertion
Contacted By (CB) Caught Between (CBT) Exposure (E)
Contact With (CW) Fall - Same Level (FS)
5. Job Hazard Analysis
A job hazard analysis is a technique that focuses on
job tasks as a way to identify hazards before they
occur.
It focuses on the relationship between the worker, the
task, the tools, and the work environment.
After uncontrolled hazards are identified, take action
to eliminate them or reduce risk.
6. Job Hazard Analysis
Performing a job hazard analysis is one of the
best methods to develop safe work
procedures for the equipment that is
operated.
The JHA can also be used to train employees
in the hazards associated with task and what
control measures should be practiced.
7. JHA Team
A Job Hazard Analysis requires the
cooperation of all parties involved that
includes:
Safety Professional
Engineers-Technical Advisor
Supervisors-Frontline Personnel responsible
for making change
Employee-Person most familiar with job
8. Prioritization of JHA
Jobs with the highest
injury and illness rates
Jobs that have the
potential to cause
serious injury
Jobs in which one
simple human error
could cause injury
Jobs complex enough to
have written instructions
Jobs that are new to you
facility
Jobs that significantly had
changes in process
technology or procedures
9. Steps for JHA
Involve Employees
Review accident history
Conduct preliminary job
review
List, rank, and set
priorities for hazardous
jobs
Outline the steps or
tasks
10. Involvement of Employees
They have a unique understanding of the job,
and this knowledge is invaluable for finding
hazards.
Involving employees will help minimize
oversights, ensure a quality analysis.
Get workers to “buy in” to the solutions
because they will share ownership
11. Outline the Steps
Watch the employee perform the job and list each
step as the worker takes it.
Be sure to record enough information to describe
each job action without getting overly detailed.
Avoid making the breakdown of steps so detailed
that it becomes unnecessarily long or so broad that it
does not include basic steps.
12. Outline the Steps
Review the job steps with the employee to
make sure you have not omitted something.
Include the employee in all phases of the
analysis—from reviewing the job steps and
procedures to discussing uncontrolled
hazards and recommended solutions.
13.
14. Identifying the Hazards
A job hazard analysis is an exercise in
detective work. Your goal is to discover the
following:
What can go wrong?
What are the consequences?
How could it arise?
What are other contributing factors?
How likely is it that the hazard will occur?
15.
16.
17.
18. Common Hazards in the
Workplace
Stressor Hazard
Type
Hazard Type Hazard Type
Chemical Corrosive Fire
Explosion
Toxic
Electrical Shock Short Circuit Fire-Static
Mechanical Moving
Parts
Failure Noise
Pressure
Ergonomic Strain Human Error Fatigue
19. Common Hazards in the
Workplace
Stressor Hazard
Type
Hazard Type Hazard
Type
Radiation Ionizing Non
Ionizing
Contact Struck By Struck
Against
Caught In
Environment Temp. Visibility Weather
Misc. Slips Trips Falls
20. Controlling the Hazards
The order of precedence and effectiveness of
hazard control is the following:
1. Engineering controls.
2. Administrative controls.
3. Personal protective equipment.
21. Controlling the Hazards
The most effective controls are engineering controls
that physically change a machine or work
environment to prevent employee exposure to the
hazard.
The more reliable or less likely a hazard control can
be circumvented, the better.
If this is not feasible, administrative controls may be
appropriate.
This may involve changing how employees do their
jobs.
22. Engineering Controls
Engineering controls include the following:
Elimination/minimization of the hazard
Substitution of equipment or process to decrease
hazard
Isolation of the hazard with interlocks, machine guards,
blast shields, or other means; and
Removal or redirection of the hazard such as with local
and exhaust ventilation.
23. Administrative Controls
Administrative controls include the following:
Written operating procedures, work permits, and safe
work practices;
Exposure time limitations (used most commonly to
control heat stress and ergonomic hazards);
Monitoring the use of highly hazardous materials;
Alarms, signs, and warnings;
Buddy system; and training
24. PPE
Personal Protective Equipment is acceptable as a
control method in the following circumstances:
When engineering controls are not feasible or do not
totally eliminate the hazard;
While engineering controls are being developed;
When safe work practices do not provide sufficient
additional protection; and
During emergencies when engineering controls may
not be feasible.
25. JHA Exercise
We are going to
perform an exercise on
grinding metal casting.
Based on the steps,
please identify the
hazards and controls.
26.
27. Summary
Worksite hazard analysis consists of:
Change analysis
JHA
Workplace inspections
Hazard Reporting
Trend Analysis
Effective programs will result in the identification of
potential and existing hazards.