Microbiology is the study of microbes like viruses, bacteria, and fungi that can only be seen with a microscope. The document discusses the three main types of microbes - bacteria, viruses, and fungi - and how they can be both helpful and harmful. It also covers how microbes spread disease, examples of diseases caused by each type of microbe, and how good hygiene and antibiotics are used to prevent the spread of diseases and treat bacterial infections. Biotechnology is discussed as the use of living organisms or their parts to produce useful products, with examples given of industrial and medical uses of biotechnology.

1. Microbiology

2. They can only be seen using a microscope . Microbiology – is the study of small living things ; viruses, bacteria and fungi As the name suggests, MICROBES are microscopic organisms .

3. Microbes can be put into a number of categories. The three types which you need to know about are listed below: Movement Respiration Sensitivity Growth Reproduction Excretion Nutrition Note: A living organism must be able to demonstrate that it can perform ALL the 7 life processes. BACTERIA VIRUS FUNGI

4. bacteria virus fungi

5. Microbe pictures Microbes multiply very rapidly. Two can, very quickly, become four then eight and so on.

11. Parasite – a living thing that feeds off another living things causing it harm Saprophyte – feed off dead and decaying organisms

12. Microbes can cause disease The diseases and their severity caused by microbes depend on the type of microbe. Some of these are listed below. VIRUSES (know 3) BACTERIA (know 3) Influenza (flu) Food poisoning Mumps Sore throats Chickenpox Tuberculosis (TB) Smallpox Tetanus Polio Cholera Rabies Typhoid German measles Whooping cough FUNGI fungal sinusitis Athletes foot Onychomycosis Causes discoloured toe nails Viral Meningitis Common Cold Bacterial meningitis

13. How do we stop microbes spreading disease We can prevent the spread of disease by making sure that good hygiene is used in key places such as bathrooms and kitchens. Antibiotics are chemicals produced by bacteria and fungi which kill or prevent reproduction of other bacteria Chemicals called antibiotics can be used to treat bacterial infections.