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Micro organisms
This document discusses micro-organisms and their classification. It describes that micro-organisms can be harmful or useful. Harmful microbes like bacteria and viruses can cause diseases such as tuberculosis, cholera, and common cold in humans. Useful microbes like yeast are used to make bread and beer, while other bacteria and fungi improve soil fertility and break down dead organic matter. The document provides details on the characteristics, diseases caused, and symptoms of some common pathogenic bacteria and viruses.
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Micro organisms
- 1. MICRO- ORGANISMS The harmful anduseful micro-organisms
- 2. WHAT ARE MICRO-ORGANISMS? MICRO-ORGANISMS ARE THE Types of micro-organisms Bacteria Virus Protozoa Fungus
- 3. MICRO-ORGANISMS Some micro-organismscan be harmful to human and other living things. They can cause disease and therefore are called Pathogens. Some micro-organisms can be useful to human and other living things. Most of these microbes are: Necessary for our survival Good for us be used for our benefit in industry
- 4. WHERE ARE MICRO-ORGANISM? They are found on host cells. Pathogens produces toxins which attack and destroy host cell and body tissues.
- 5. protozoa Are unicellular They are parasitic They are found in fresh water and salt water. Example Amoeba
- 6. Algae Are unicellularor multicellular Are present on moist soil and rocks They have a cell wall and chloroplast they have no roots, no shoot, no leaves
- 7. Fungi Are unicellularor multicellular
- 8. Harmful micro-organisms Harmfulmicroorganisms can cause disease. Some disease can easily spread from one person to another. They are called contagious diseases. Bacteria and viruses are harmful micro-organisms.
- 9. Bacteria Are prokaryotic. Are unicellular Several Shapes: Coccus (spherical), Bacillus (Rod like), Spiral (Corkscrew) Others are modified versions: Coccobacillus, pleomorphic Most beneficial, some pathogenic Photosynthetic or derive nutrition from environment
- 10. Bacteria Diseases caused bybacteria: Tuberculosis Cholera Syphilis
- 11. Tuberculosis Also knownas TB caused by Bacilli (rod shaped bacteria). Mainly affect lungs Also affect lymph node, bones and joints. ‘
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- 13. Tuberculosis Symptoms of tuberculosis: Severe coughing Chest pains Fever Sweating at night Fatique Weight loss Loss of appetite
- 14. Cholera Caused bya Vibrios (Vibrio cholera). Can be transmitted through water and food that has been contaminated with the faeces of people who have cholera. People can be infected when the bacteria enters the intestines and release the toxin
- 15. Cholera Symptoms of cholera: Vomiting Fatigue Diarrhea
- 16. viruses Acellular Nucleicacid core of EITHER DNA or RNA (not both) Protein coat surrounds nucleic acid core + /- lipid membrane envelope Primary function is to reproduce/replicate, only in living tissues Not considered living organisms, outside host are inert Multiply in host cells, destroying cells in process -> tissue degradation
- 17. viruses Diseases caused byvirus are: Common cold Hepatitis Hiv
- 18. Common cold Themost common virus tha causes common cold is called rhinovirus. Rhinovirus is said to be responsible for at least 50% of cold. Other viruses that can cause colds include coronavirus, respiratory syncytial virus, influenza and parainfluenza. Infected organs are mucous membrabe of nose, throat, air passage and lungs.
- 19. Common cold Symptomsof common cold: Stuffy nose Throat – soreness Loss of appetite Severe cold Fever Aches Pain through out the body
- 20. Useful organisms Some microorganismscan used to do the following: Making curd and Bread Medicinal use of Microorganism Increasing Soil Fertility Cleaning the Environment Vaccine commercial production of alcohol and wine
- 21. Useful micro-organisms Yeastis an example of microorganism. It is a fungus. It is used to make bread. There are air spaces in the bread. The air spaces are caused by carbon dioxide gas given out when the yeast acts on the dough. This shows that microorganisms breath.
- 22. Useful micro-organisms Bacteriaand fungi cause dead organisms to decay to form natural fertilizers. Fungi play an important role in energy cycling within, and between, ecosystems. Some bacteria can be used to make cheese. Fungi are used to produce antibiotics.
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- 24. References Ishangoyal121. (2015). Microorganism.Available from: https://www.slideshare.net/ishangoyal121/microorganism-ppt?qid=884c4c1c-5a10-43ea- 8b3d-242654f3eccc&v=&b=&from_search=23. Mohammed. S. classification microorganism. Available from: https://www.slideshare.net/sabaahAlyasery/classification-microorganism. Rana. M.B. (2018). Harmful and useful organisms. Available from: https://www.slideshare.net/RaNaMB1/harmfulandusefulofmicroorganism- 111203044208phpapp02?qid=884c4c1c-5a10-43ea-8b3d- 242654f3eccc&v=&b=&from_search=16. Samik, S. (2011). The harmful effects of microorganisms. Available from: https://www.slideshare.net/SuhailieSamik/14-the-harmful-effects-of- microorganism?qid=884c4c1c-5a10-43ea-8b3d-242654f3eccc&v=&b=&from_search=19.