- Japan is mostly volcanic rock, so most pagodas are made of wood and built to withstand earthquakes and storms, featuring curved roofs. The oldest wooden structure is the Pagoda at Horyuji built in 616 AD. - Story scrolls illustrated Japanese history in a realistic style and were read from right to left, such as the nearly 23 foot long "Burning of the Sanjo Palace" scroll. - Japanese sculpture and woodblock prints tend to be highly stylized to fit their surroundings, like temples featuring Buddhas and castles protected by statues of samurai.

1. Junhel Dalanon, DDM, MAT

2. Architecture

4. Temple Complex at Horyuji

5. Story Scrolls

7. Burning of the Sanjo Palace

8. Sculpture

13. Woodblock Prints

15. Great Wave at Kanagawa

16. Utilitarian Art

20. Nippon – Land of the Rising Sun

21. Japan’s Regions

22. Japan’s Prefectures

23. Japan’s Topography

24. Sea of Japan Ishikari R. Korean Straits Pacific Ocean Inland Sea Tone R. Shinano R. Bodies of Water

25. Kitani Mts. Kitakami Mts. Mikuni Mts. Chugoku Mts. Kyushu Mts. Mt. Fuji Mountains and Peaks

26. Kanto Plain Nobi Plain Ishikari Plain Osaka Plain Plains

27. Hokkaido Honshu Shikuku Kyushu Okinawa Islands

28. Sapporo Hiroshima Kobe Tokyo Nagasaki Kyoto Yokohama Nagoya Osaka Cities

29. Sea of Japan Ishikari R. Korean Straits Pacific Ocean Inland Sea Tone R. Shinano R. Kitani Mts. Kitakami Mts. Mikuni Mts. Chugoku Mts. Kyushu Mts. Mt. Fuji Kanto Plain Nobi Plain Osaka Plain Ishikari Plain Hokkaido Honshu Shikuku Kyushu Okinawa Russia China N. Korea S. Korea Sapporo Hiroshima Kobe Tokyo Nagasaki Kyoto Yokohama Nagoya Osaka

30. Shinkansen : Bullet Train Bullet Train National Lines Travel

31. Very Mountainous: Little Arable Land

32. Hells Lake Pool in Beppu

33. Mt. Fuji

34. Swift-Moving Rivers: Hydroelectric Power

35. Japan’s Land Area and Utilization

36. Japan by Satellite

37. Mt. Aso -- Active Volcano

38. Shiranesan Caldera

39. Global Tectonic Plates Japan -- On the “Fire Rim of the Pacific”

40. Japan’s Sub-Oceanic Trenches

41. Japanese Earthquakes: 1961-1994

42. Ginza Ruins After The Great Kanto Earthquake -- Tokyo, 1923 Over 100,000 dead!

44. Kobe Earthquake -- January 17, 1995

45. Tsunamis – Tidal Waves

46. Vegetation

47. Igawa Town on the Izumo Plain

48. Rice Farmer’s Farmhouse: Okutsu Town, Okayama Prefecture

49. Terrace Farming of Rice

50. The Japanese Farm the Sea Tokyo Fish Market

51. Raw Materials and Resources

52. Natural Resources

53. Raw Materials

54. World Contributions to Global Warming

55. Shinto Polytheism Ancestor Worship Hyper- Nationalism The World of the kami Minimize sin & guilt Great Creator

56. Amaterasu : Sun Goddess

57. Union of Izanami & Izanagi Wedded Rocks at Futami no Ura

58. Tree kami surrounded by sacred boundaries

59. Torii Gate, Miyajima Island

60. Torii Gate in Winter

61. Torii Gate

62. A Tunnel of Torii Gates Inari Mt., Kyoto

63. Torii Gong

64. Shinto Temple – “worship hall”

65. Shinto Priest

66. Traditional Shinto Wedding Today

67. Prayers, Thoughts, & Wishes at a Shinto Shrine

68. Memorials for the Unborn

69. Jizo Stones

70. Shinto Subway Shrine

71. Hot Sand Bath at Takegawara Onsen, Beppu Origins in the Nara Period (710-794)

72. Japanese Baths Grandma & her grandson

73. Shintoism in traditional japanese culture

74. Noh Theater : 8-man chorus

75. Noh Theater The Play Aoi no Ue

76. Noh Theater Traditional Weeping Gesture Woman Heavenly-being Demonness Old Man Warrior Demon God

77. Kabuki Theater An interior of a Kabuki theater.

78. Bunraku Puppets

79. Bunraku Puppets

80. Chanoyu : Tea Ceremony

81. Tea Ceremony Equipment Green Tea

82. A Japanese Tea Master

83. A Japanese Tea House

84. A Tea House Interior

85. Origami : The Art of Japanese Paper Folding

86. Origami : Modern Adaptations

87. Calligraphy

88. Calligraphy

89. Haiku : 17-syllable poem Matsuo Basho , Master of Haiku Spring departs. Birds cry Fishes' eyes are filled with tears.

91. Bonzai : A Unique Method of Meditation

92. Japanese Garden for Meditation

93. Japanese Zen Garden

94. Japanese Sand Garden

95. Miniature Rock/Sand Garden

96. Shinto in Modern Furniture

98. Yamato Period: 300-710 “ Great Kings” era Began promoting the adoption of Chinese culture: Confucianism. Language ( kanji characters). Buddhist sects. Chinese art & architecture. Government structure.

102. Heian Court Dress

103. The Pillow Book by Sei Shonagon (diary)

104. The Pillow Book by Sei Shonagon (diary)

105. Tale of Genji ( first novel)

106. Tale of Genji Scroll (first novel)

107. Lady Murasaki Shikibu She contributed much to the Japanese script known as kana , while men wrote with Chinese characters, kanji .

108. Minamoto Yoritomo Founded the Kamakura Shogunate : 1185-1333

109. Feudal Society The emperor reigned, but did not always rule!

110. Feudalism A political, economic, and social system based on loyalty, the holding of land, and military service. Japan: Shogun Daimyo Daimyo Samurai Samurai Samurai Peasant Peasant Peasant Peasant Land - Shoen Land - Shoen Protection Loyalty Loyalty Food

112. Seppuku: Ritual Suicide Kaishaku – his “seconds” It is honorable to die in this way.

113. Full Samurai Attire

114. Samurai Sword

115. Early Mounted Samurai Warriors

116. Underpinnings: Basic Steps in Self Defense A COTTON BREECH CLOUT that extended up over the chest was the basic undergarment of a samurai’s costume A SHORT SLEEVED KIMONO , or “armor robe,” was tied snugly at the waist with a special knot (lower right)

117. BILLOWING PANTALOONS, worn over the armor robe, fitted loosely in the legs to allow freedom of movement STURDY SHINGUARDS of cloth or leather were reinforced with strips of iron to give protection from the front AN EXQUISITE BROCADE , richly worked with a design of peonies, was one of the extravagant materials used in an armor robe that may have been made for a 14 th Century imperial prince

118. Samurai Charging

119. Modern-Day “Samurai Warriors”

120. Feudalism A political, economic, and social system based on loyalty, the holding of land, and military service. Europe: King Lord Lord Knight Knight Knight Peasant Peasant Peasant Peasant Land - Fief Land - Fief Protection Loyalty Loyalty Food

122. European knight Samurai Warrior vs. Medieval Warriors

123. Knight’s Armor Samurai Armor vs. Medieval Warriors

124. Zen Buddhism A Japanese variation of the Mahayana form of Buddhism, which came from India through China. It reinforced the Bushido values of mental and self-discipline.

125. Mongol “Invasions” of Japan 4,400 ships and 140,000 men, but kamikaze winds stopped them.

127. C A S T L E S

128. Osaka Castle

129. Main Gate of Hiroshima Castle

130. Caernorfon Castle, Wales

131. Warwick Castle, England

132. R O E N S

133. The Age of the Warring States: ( 1467 - 1568) Castles built on hills in different provinces. Power shifts from above to below. Europeans arrive in Japan  bringing firearms & Christianity. Christianity & foreign trade flourish.

134. Oda Nobunaga (1534-1582) Banishes the last Ashikaga shogun. Unifies a large part of Japan.

135. Catholic Jesuits in Japan St. Francis Xavier [First Catholic Missionaries in Asia]

136. Toyotomi Hideyoshi (1536-1598) Becomes suspicious of European territorial ambitions. Orders all European missionaries expelled from Japan.  Tries to invade Korea, but fails.

137. First Christian Martyrs (1597): Shrine in Nagasaki Today

140. Japan Changes Direction During the Meiji Era: 1868 - 1912 Commodore Matthew Perry

141. 1853 – Commodore Matthew Perry “Opens Up” Japan to Western Trade!

143. Perry’s “Black Ships”

144. The Treaty of Kanagawa - 1854

145. Japan Learns a Lesson! I n 1862, just before the start of the Meiji period, Tokugawa sent officials and scholars to China to study the situation there. A Japanese recorded in his diary from Shanghai… The Chinese have become servants to the foreigners. Sovereignty may belong to China but in fact it's no more than a colony of Great Britain and France.

150. The Emperor Is “Restored” to Power MEIJI  “Enlightened Rule”

151. Newspaper Cartoon, 1870s? Enlightened Half-Enlightened Un-Enlightened

154. The Japanese Became Obsessed with Western Styles Civilization and Enlightenment!

155. Everything Western Was Fashionable!

156. Everything Western Was Fashionable! Japanese soldiers with their wives.

157. The Rulers Set the Tone with Western Dress Emperor Meiji Empress Haruko (1868- 1912)

158. Changing Women’s Fashions 1900 Styles The First “Miss Japan” (1908)

159. Meiji Reforms Abolition of the feudal system Land Redistribution Human Rights & Religious Freedom Build a Modern Navy (British) Westernize the School System (Fr. & Ger.) Modernize the Army (Prussian) Emperor Worship Intensified Written Constitution (Germans) Modern Banking System

160. A Constitutional Government Copied from the Germans Satsuma & Choshu Families The Emperor of Japan The Diet (Legislative Body) House of Representatives House of Peers 1889 Constitution of Japan

161. Expansionism & the Rise of Military Power New players on the block?

162. Sino-Japanese War: 1894-1895 The Meiji Emperor was in Hiroshima during the Sino-Japanese War

163. Soldiers on the Battlefield During the Sino-Japanese War The Treaty of Shimonoseki ended the war.

165. The Russo-Japanese War: 1904-1905 The Battle of Tsushima : The results startled the world!

166. President Teddy Roosevelt Mediates the Peace The Treaty of Portsmouth , NH ended the Russo-Japanese War.

167. Japan Annexes Korea

168. Japan Is a Player in China

169. Competition from Another “Pacific” Power Is on the Horizon

170. The U. S. “Great White Fleet”

171. But, Japanese Power Would Grow . . .