J miller.6.dna flipbook
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The document depicts the process of transcription in which RNA polymerase binds to the promoter region of DNA and uses the DNA as a template to synthesize messenger RNA (mRNA) by adding complementary nucleotides. The mRNA contains the start codon and stop codon and is created through the sequential addition of nucleotides guided by the base pairing rules with the DNA template.
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The document describes the process of protein synthesis in a cell. It explains how mRNA is transcribed in the nucleus from DNA and exported to the cytoplasm. The ribosome then reads the mRNA and uses tRNAs to add amino acids together in the correct order specified by the mRNA to form a protein chain. The process repeats until a full protein is synthesized according to the DNA's instructions.
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DNA replication begins at origins of replication where the helicase enzyme unwinds and unzips the DNA into two strands. The DNA polymerase enzyme then builds a new complementary strand to each single DNA strand, using the existing strand as a template to create an identical copy.
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The document discusses the structure and function of cells. It describes cells as having a nucleus that contains DNA and a cytoplasm outside the nucleus. DNA in the nucleus contains genes made up of codons that are read to create proteins by ribosomes in the cytoplasm. Mutations in DNA can cause genetic disorders when non-corresponding bases meet up during cell division.
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Translation takes place in the cytoplasm of the cell. The ribosome reads mRNA and uses tRNAs to add amino acids in the correct order specified by the mRNA, forming a polypeptide chain. This continues until a stop codon is reached, resulting in a completed protein being produced.
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The document describes the process of protein synthesis in a cell. Messenger RNA (mRNA) carries genetic instructions from the nucleus to the ribosome in the cytoplasm. Transfer RNA (tRNA) then attaches to the mRNA strand and adds amino acids to form a polypeptide chain according to the mRNA code. When a stop codon is reached, a completed protein has been synthesized from amino acids.
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DNA replication begins at origins of replication where the helicase enzyme unwinds and unzips the DNA into two strands. The DNA polymerase enzyme then builds a new complementary strand to each single DNA strand, using the existing strand as a template to create an identical copy.
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The document describes the process of protein synthesis in a cell. Messenger RNA (mRNA) carries genetic instructions from the nucleus to the ribosome in the cytoplasm. Transfer RNA (tRNA) then attaches to the mRNA strand and adds amino acids to form a polypeptide chain according to the mRNA code. When a stop codon is reached, a completed protein has been synthesized from amino acids.
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The document is a flip book that summarizes the processes of transcription and translation. It shows how DNA in the nucleus is transcribed into mRNA by RNA polymerase. The mRNA is then transported to the cytoplasm, where it is translated by ribosomes into a chain of amino acids. Through the processes of transcription and translation, the genetic code stored in DNA is used to produce proteins.
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The document depicts the process of transcription in which RNA polymerase binds to the promoter region of DNA and uses the DNA as a template to synthesize messenger RNA (mRNA) by adding complementary nucleotides. The mRNA contains the start codon and stop codon and is created through the pairing of adenine-thymine, cytosine-guanine, phosphate and sugar nucleotides added by RNA polymerase.
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The document describes the process of transcription and translation. DNA in the nucleus contains the genetic code. RNA polymerase copies the DNA into an mRNA strand, which passes through the nuclear pore into the cytoplasm. There, the mRNA code is read to produce a chain of amino acids specified by the DNA.
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The document describes the process of DNA replication. Helicase splits the DNA double helix into two single strands. Each single strand acts as a template for complementary base pairing to form two new double helix DNA molecules. Adenine always pairs with thymine and cytosine pairs with guanine. DNA polymerase adds nucleotides to complete the new strands, forming okazaki fragments that are later joined by DNA ligase. This process of replication continues, allowing the genetic code to be passed down to new cells.
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Transcription involves RNA polymerase unwinding DNA and mRNA matching its bases to the DNA to create a complementary copy. The mRNA then passes through nuclear pores to the ribosomes. During translation, the mRNA binds to ribosomes where tRNA molecules match codons on the mRNA to bring the correct amino acids. These are linked together by the ribosome into a polypeptide chain that folds into a functional protein.
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The document summarizes a student project to model animal cell organelles using various candy items. Key organelles represented include:
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The document outlines the process of protein synthesis. First, RNA polymerase transcribes DNA in the nucleus to produce mRNA. The mRNA exits the nucleus and binds to ribosomes in the cytoplasm. Ribosomes then translate the mRNA by linking amino acids specified by codons until reaching a stop codon, forming a polypeptide chain. The polypeptide chain folds into its final three-dimensional protein structure.
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The document outlines the process of protein synthesis. First, RNA polymerase transcribes DNA in the nucleus to produce mRNA. The mRNA exits the nucleus and binds to ribosomes in the cytoplasm. Ribosomes then translate the mRNA by matching tRNA anticodons to mRNA codons, linking amino acids together to form a polypeptide chain. Translation continues until a stop codon is reached, and the final polypeptide folds into its tertiary structure.
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Jimmy Carrier Protein Synthesis
The document discusses protein synthesis in cells. It explains that RNA polymerase in the cell nucleus reads DNA and synthesizes mRNA. The mRNA then exits the nucleus through nuclear pores and binds to ribosomes. At the ribosomes, tRNA matches codons on the mRNA and releases amino acids, forming peptide bonds between amino acids to create a polypeptide chain. When the ribosome reaches a stop codon, the polypeptide releases and folds into its tertiary structure to become a functional protein.
Protein synthesisDevonDubensky
The process of transcription begins in the cell nucleus, where RNA polymerase breaks apart DNA and uses it as a template to create mRNA strands. During this process, thymine is replaced with uracil to form RNA. The mRNA strand then exits the nucleus through a nuclear pore. Translation occurs in the cytoplasm, where the mRNA is read by ribosomes in groups of three codons. Transfer RNA molecules bring amino acids to the ribosome based on codon-anticodon base pairing. As the ribosome moves along the mRNA, the growing polypeptide chain is released once a stop codon is reached.
FlipbookHannahD
The document summarizes the process of protein synthesis in eukaryotic cells. It explains that mRNA is produced from DNA in the cell nucleus and passes through the nuclear pore into the cytoplasm. Ribosomes then read the mRNA and translate its codon sequence into a chain of amino acids, attaching different tRNAs to each codon. This continues until a stop codon is reached, resulting in a polypeptide that can fold into a functional protein. The key stages are transcription of DNA to mRNA in the nucleus, translation of mRNA to protein by ribosomes in the cytoplasm, and protein folding.
Skyjamesanderson proteinsynthesis
The document describes the process of protein synthesis, which involves transcription of DNA in the nucleus, formation of mRNA, export of mRNA from the nucleus to the cytoplasm, and translation of mRNA by ribosomes to form a protein chain. Transcription involves unwinding of DNA and formation of mRNA, which then exits the nucleus. During translation, the mRNA binds to ribosomes in the cytoplasm where tRNA brings amino acids to the ribosome according to the mRNA codons. The amino acids are linked together to form a protein chain until a stop codon is reached. Protein synthesis is essential for life as proteins are the basic building blocks that allow the body to function.
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J miller.6.dna flipbook
- 9. RNA Polymerase- Promoter Region AdenineThymineCytosineGuaninePhosphateSugar- C A AC AG UG mRNA UA
- 10. RNA Polymerase- Promoter Region AdenineThymineCytosineGuaninePhosphateSugar- mRNA A A U CU C A GA
- 12. A C C C A A GUU G A A A GU d
- 13. U A C A U G G UU C AA GGU CCA UCA AG U ACU UG A Start Codon Stop Codon
- 14. U A C A U G G UU C AA GGU CCA UCA A GU ACU UG A
- 15. U A