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Transcription and Translation
          Flip Book
        By: Claire Smith
The Cell
                                       Ribosome
Mitochondria
                     Nucleus




               .




                               Cytoplasm
The Nucleus

              Chromosomes
The Chromosome
DNA Helix
Coding Region




           Key:
            Adenine
            Thymine
Promoter    Guanine        Termination
 Region     Cytosine        Sequence
Key:
  Adenine
  Thymine
  Guanine
  Cytosine
Start codon




     Key:
       Adenine
       Thymine
       Guanine
       Cytosine
Key:
  Adenine
  Thymine
  Guanine
  Cytosine
RNA polymerase




             Key:
               Adenine
               Thymine
               Guanine
               Cytosine
Key:
  Adenine
  Thymine
  Guanine
  Cytosine
Key:
  Adenine
  Thymine
  Guanine
  Cytosine
Key:
 Uracine
 Adenine
 Thymine
 Guanine
 Cytosine
Key:
 Uracine
 Adenine
 Thymine
 Guanine
 Cytosine
Key:
 Uracine
 Adenine
 Thymine
 Guanine
 Cytosine
Key:
 Uracine
 Adenine
 Thymine
 Guanine
 Cytosine
Key:
 Uracine
 Adenine
 Thymine
 Guanine
 Cytosine
Key:
 Uracine
 Adenine
 Thymine
 Guanine
 Cytosine
Key:
 Uracine
 Adenine
 Thymine
 Guanine
 Cytosine
Key:
 Uracine
 Adenine
 Thymine
 Guanine
 Cytosine
Key:
 Uracine
 Adenine
 Thymine
 Guanine
 Cytosine
Key:
 Uracine
 Adenine
 Thymine
 Guanine
 Cytosine
Key:

mRNA strand    Uracine
               Adenine
               Thymine
               Guanine
               Cytosine
Key:
 Uracine
 Adenine
 Thymine
  Guanine
  Cytosine
Key:
 Uracine
 Adenine
 Thymine
  Guanine
  Cytosine
Key:
 Uracine
 Adenine
 Thymine
  Guanine
  Cytosine
Key:
 Uracine
 Adenine
 Thymine
  Guanine
  Cytosine
Key:
 Uracine
 Adenine
 Thymine
  Guanine
  Cytosine
Key:
 Uracine
 Adenine
 Thymine
  Guanine
  Cytosine
Key:
 Uracine
 Adenine
 Thymine
  Guanine
  Cytosine
Key:
 Uracine
 Adenine
 Thymine
  Guanine
  Cytosine
Key:
 Uracine
 Adenine
 Thymine
  Guanine
  Cytosine
Key:
 Uracine
 Adenine
 Thymine
  Guanine
  Cytosine
Key:
 Uracine
 Adenine
 Thymine
  Guanine
  Cytosine
Key:
 Uracine
 Adenine
 Thymine
  Guanine
  Cytosine
Key:
mRNA strands    Uracine
                Adenine
                Thymine
                 Guanine
                 Cytosine
The Nucleus
The Nucleus

                            Chromosomes
mRNA strand
The Nucleus
The Nucleus
The Nucleus
The Nucleus


Nuclear pore
The Nucleus
The Nucleus
The Nucleus
The Cell




.
The Cell
Mitochondria
                     Nucleus




               .

                                           mRNA strand



Ribosome                       Cytoplasm
The Cell




.
The Cell




.
.
.
.
(in the Cytoplasm)
(in the Cytoplasm)

               mRNA strand




Ribosome
Start codon
Key:
 Uracine
 Adenine
 Thymine
 Guanine
  Cytosine
Key:
 Uracine
 Adenine
 Thymine
 Guanine
  Cytosine
Key:
 Uracine
 Adenine
 Thymine
 Guanine
  Cytosine
tRNA
             Anticodon



Key:
 Uracine
 Adenine
 Thymine        Amino acid
 Guanine
  Cytosine
Key:
 Uracine
 Adenine
 Thymine
 Guanine
  Cytosine
Key:
 Uracine
 Adenine
 Thymine
 Guanine
  Cytosine
Key:
 Uracine
 Adenine
 Thymine
 Guanine
  Cytosine
Key:
 Uracine
 Adenine
 Thymine
 Guanine
  Cytosine
Key:
 Uracine
 Adenine
 Thymine
 Guanine
  Cytosine
Key:
 Uracine
 Adenine
 Thymine
 Guanine
  Cytosine
Key:
 Uracine
 Adenine
 Thymine
 Guanine
  Cytosine
Key:
 Uracine
 Adenine
 Thymine
 Guanine
  Cytosine
Key:
 Uracine
 Adenine
 Thymine
 Guanine
  Cytosine
Key:
 Uracine
 Adenine
 Thymine
 Guanine
  Cytosine
Key:
 Uracine
 Adenine
 Thymine
 Guanine
  Cytosine
Key:
 Uracine
 Adenine
 Thymine
 Guanine
  Cytosine
Peptide bond


Key:
 Uracine
 Adenine
 Thymine
 Guanine
  Cytosine
Key:
 Uracine
 Adenine
 Thymine
 Guanine
  Cytosine
Key:
 Uracine
 Adenine
 Thymine
 Guanine
  Cytosine
Key:
 Uracine
 Adenine
 Thymine
 Guanine
  Cytosine
Key:
 Uracine
 Adenine
 Thymine
 Guanine
  Cytosine
Key:
 Uracine
 Adenine
 Thymine
 Guanine
  Cytosine
Key:
 Uracine
 Adenine
 Thymine
 Guanine
  Cytosine
Key:
 Uracine
 Adenine
 Thymine
 Guanine
  Cytosine
Key:
 Uracine
 Adenine
 Thymine
 Guanine
  Cytosine
Key:
 Uracine
 Adenine
 Thymine
 Guanine
  Cytosine
Key:
 Uracine
 Adenine
 Thymine
 Guanine
  Cytosine
Key:
 Uracine
 Adenine
 Thymine
 Guanine
  Cytosine
Key:
 Uracine
 Adenine
 Thymine
 Guanine
  Cytosine
Key:
 Uracine
 Adenine
 Thymine
 Guanine
  Cytosine
Key:
 Uracine
 Adenine
 Thymine
 Guanine
  Cytosine
Key:
 Uracine
 Adenine
 Thymine
 Guanine
  Cytosine
Key:
 Uracine
 Adenine
 Thymine
 Guanine
  Cytosine
Key:
 Uracine
 Adenine
 Thymine
 Guanine
  Cytosine
Key:
 Uracine
 Adenine
 Thymine
 Guanine
  Cytosine
Key:
 Uracine
 Adenine
 Thymine
 Guanine
  Cytosine
Key:
 Uracine
 Adenine
 Thymine
 Guanine
  Cytosine
Key:
 Uracine
 Adenine
 Thymine
 Guanine
  Cytosine
Key:
 Uracine
 Adenine
 Thymine
 Guanine
  Cytosine
Key:
 Uracine
 Adenine
 Thymine
 Guanine
  Cytosine
Key:
 Uracine
 Adenine
 Thymine
 Guanine
  Cytosine
Key:
 Uracine
 Adenine
 Thymine
 Guanine
  Cytosine
Key:
 Uracine
 Adenine
 Thymine
 Guanine
  Cytosine
Key:
 Uracine
 Adenine
 Thymine
 Guanine
  Cytosine
Key:
 Uracine
 Adenine
 Thymine
 Guanine
  Cytosine
Key:
 Uracine
 Adenine
 Thymine
 Guanine
  Cytosine
Key:
 Uracine
 Adenine
 Thymine
 Guanine
  Cytosine
Key:
 Uracine
 Adenine
 Thymine
 Guanine
  Cytosine
Key:
 Uracine
 Adenine
 Thymine
 Guanine
  Cytosine
Key:
 Uracine
 Adenine
 Thymine
 Guanine
  Cytosine
Key:
 Uracine
 Adenine
 Thymine
 Guanine
  Cytosine
Key:
 Uracine
 Adenine
 Thymine
 Guanine
  Cytosine
Key:
 Uracine
 Adenine
 Thymine
 Guanine
  Cytosine
Key:
 Uracine
 Adenine
 Thymine
 Guanine
  Cytosine
Key:
 Uracine
 Adenine
 Thymine
 Guanine
  Cytosine
Key:
 Uracine
 Adenine
 Thymine
 Guanine
  Cytosine
Key:
 Uracine
 Adenine
 Thymine
 Guanine
  Cytosine
Key:
 Uracine
 Adenine
 Thymine
 Guanine
  Cytosine
Key:
 Uracine
 Adenine
 Thymine
 Guanine
  Cytosine
Key:
 Uracine
 Adenine
 Thymine
 Guanine
  Cytosine
Key:
 Uracine
 Adenine
 Thymine
 Guanine
  Cytosine
Key:
 Uracine
 Adenine
 Thymine
 Guanine
  Cytosine
Key:
 Uracine
 Adenine
 Thymine
 Guanine
  Cytosine
Key:
 Uracine
 Adenine
 Thymine
 Guanine
  Cytosine
Key:
 Uracine
 Adenine
 Thymine
 Guanine
  Cytosine
Key:
 Uracine
 Adenine
 Thymine
 Guanine
  Cytosine
Key:
 Uracine
 Adenine
 Thymine
 Guanine
  Cytosine
Key:
 Uracine
 Adenine
 Thymine
 Guanine
  Cytosine
Key:
 Uracine
 Adenine
 Thymine
 Guanine
  Cytosine
Key:
 Uracine
 Adenine
 Thymine
 Guanine
  Cytosine
Key:
 Uracine
 Adenine
 Thymine
 Guanine
  Cytosine
Key:
 Uracine
 Adenine
 Thymine
 Guanine
  Cytosine
Key:
 Uracine
 Adenine
 Thymine
 Guanine
  Cytosine
Key:
 Uracine
 Adenine
 Thymine
 Guanine
  Cytosine
Key:
 Uracine
 Adenine
 Thymine
 Guanine
  Cytosine
Key:
 Uracine
 Adenine
 Thymine
 Guanine
  Cytosine
Key:
 Uracine
 Adenine
 Thymine
 Guanine
  Cytosine
Key:
 Uracine
 Adenine
 Thymine
 Guanine
  Cytosine
Key:
 Uracine
 Adenine
 Thymine
 Guanine
  Cytosine
Key:
 Uracine
 Adenine
 Thymine
 Guanine
  Cytosine
Key:
 Uracine
 Adenine
 Thymine
 Guanine
  Cytosine
Key:
 Uracine     Stop codon
 Adenine
 Thymine
 Guanine
  Cytosine
Key:
 Uracine
 Adenine
 Thymine
 Guanine
  Cytosine
Key:
 Uracine
 Adenine
 Thymine
 Guanine
  Cytosine
Key:
 Uracine
 Adenine
 Thymine
 Guanine
  Cytosine
Key:
 Uracine
 Adenine
 Thymine
 Guanine
  Cytosine
Key:
 Uracine
 Adenine
 Thymine
 Guanine
  Cytosine
Key:
 Uracine
 Adenine
 Thymine
 Guanine
  Cytosine
Key:
 Uracine
 Adenine
 Thymine
 Guanine
  Cytosine
Key:
 Uracine
 Adenine
 Thymine
 Guanine
  Cytosine
Key:
 Uracine
 Adenine
 Thymine
 Guanine
  Cytosine
Key:
 Uracine
 Adenine
 Thymine
 Guanine
  Cytosine
Key:
 Uracine
 Adenine
 Thymine
 Guanine
  Cytosine
Amino acids chain
And finally, the protein
Summary
        In short, by the processes of transcription and
translation, proteins are made. First, in transcription, RNA
polymerase is used to read a DNA strand and make a mRNA
copy. Once the mRNA strand moves from the nucleus to the
cytoplasm, the second process, or translation, occurs. In
translation, a ribosomes reads the mRNA strand, makes a tRNA
strand, and then makes the proper amino acids. Finally, when
the amino acids are all combined by peptide bonds and are
coiled and twisted together, a protein is made!

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