The document discusses new research using ultrasound to develop an invisible 3D haptic shape that can be both seen and felt. The researchers were able to generate a haptic shape using ultrasound that users could see on a 3D display and feel its texture. This could allow surgeons to feel tumors or differences in tissues during medical scans. It may also allow people to feel holograms or textures of objects that cannot be touched directly.

1. Ethan and José

2. Explication :
Technology has changed
rapidly over the last few
years with touch feedback,
known as haptics, being
used in entertainment,
rehabilitation and even
surgical training. New
research, using ultrasound,
has developed an invisible
3D haptic shape that can
be seen and felt.

3. 1:
The research, led by Dr
Ben Long and colleagues
Professor Sriram
Subramanian, Sue Ann
Seah and Tom Carter from
the University of Bristol's
Department of Computer
Science, could change the
way 3D shapes are used.
The new technology could
enable surgeons to explore
a CT scan by enabling them
to feel a disease, such as a
tumour, using haptic
feedback.

4. 2:
The system generates
an invisible 3D shape
that can be added to
3D displays to create
something that can be
seen and felt. The
research team have
also shown that users
can match a picture of
a 3D shape to the
shape created by the
system.

5. 3:
"In the future, people
could feel holograms of
objects that would not
otherwise be touchable,
such as feeling the
differences between
materials in a CT scan or
understanding the shapes
of artefacts in a museum.

6. ORGAN ROBOT
During minimally invasive
operations, a surgeon has to trust
the information displayed on the
screen: A virtual 3D model of the
respective organ shows where a
tumor is located and where
sensitive vessels can be found.
Soft tissue, such as the tissue of
the liver, however, deforms during
breathing or when the scalpel is
applied. Endoscopic cameras
record in real time how the
surface deforms, but do not show
the deformation of deeper
structures such as tumors. Young
scientists have now developed a
real-time capable computation
method to adapt the virtual organ
to the deformed surface profile.

7. 1:
The principle appears to be
simple: Based on computer
tomography image data,
the scientists construct a
virtual 3D model of the
respective organ, including
the tumor, prior to
operation. During the
operation, cameras scan
the surface of the organ
and generate a stiff profile
mask.

8. 2:
Simulations and
experiments using a close-
to-reality phantom liver
have demonstrated that
the electrostatic-elastic
method even works when
only parts of the deformed
surface profile are
available. This is the usual
situation at the hospital

9. 3:
• https://www.youtube.com/
watch?v=1k7XjnGVcG8
The human liver is
surrounded by other
organs and, hence, only
partly visible by
endoscopic cameras. "Only
those structures that are
clearly identified as parts
of the liver by our system
are assigned an electric
charge," says Dr.