The document discusses six types of isomerism seen in coordination complexes: 1) Structural isomerism includes ionization and hydration isomerism arising from differences in ligands inside and outside the coordination sphere. 2) Stereoisomerism includes linkage isomerism seen with ambidentate ligands and ligand isomerism arising from isomeric ligands. 3) Coordination isomerism occurs when both cation and anion are complexes due to ligand exchange between coordination spheres. 4) Coordination position isomerism is shown by bridged complexes with different ligand placement between metal ions.

1. WELCOME

2. ISOMERISM

3. Complexes show two types of
isomerism.
1) Structural isomerism
2) Stereo isomerism

4. Structural isomerism
1) Ionisation Isomerism
Arises due to interchange of position of
atoms or groups inside and outside the
co-ordination sphere. These isomers give
different ions in solution.
Eg: [Co(NH3)5Cl]SO4 [Co(NH3)5Cl]2+ + SO4 2-
[Co(NH3)5SO4]Cl [Co(NH3)5SO4]+ + Cl -

5. 2) Hydrate Isomerism
Arises due to difference in position of water
molecules inside and outside the co-ordination
sphere.
Eg: CrCl3. 6H2O has exist as following types of
isomers.
1) [Cr(H2O)6]Cl3 2) [Cr(H2O)5Cl]Cl2.H2O
3) [Cr(H2O)4Cl2]Cl.2H2O 4) [Cr(H2O)3Cl3].3H2O

6. 3) LINKAGE ISOMERISM
Shown by ambidentate ligands which can
bonded to the metal two different ways.
Eg:
1) [Co(NH3)5(NO2)]2+ & [Co(NH3)5(ONO)]2+
2) [Cr(H2O)4Cl(SCN)]+ & [Cr(H2O)4Cl(NCS)]+

7. 4) LIGAND ISOMERISM
Some ligands are capable of existing as isomers.
Eg:Diaminopropane can exist in 2 isomeric forms
1)H2N—CH2—CH2—CH2—NH2 (1,3-Diaminopropane)
2)H2N—CH2—CH—CH3 (1,2-Diaminopropane)
|
NH2
When these ligands form complexes , they are also
isomers.
[Co(1,3-Diaminopropane)2Cl2]+ and
[Co(1,2-Diaminopropane)2Cl2]+

8. 5)CO-ORDINATION ISOMERISM
Occurs when both cation and anion of the
co-ordination compound are complexes.This type
arises due to exchange of ligands btw two
co-ordination spheres. Eg:
[Co(NH3)6] [Cr(CN)6] & [Cr(NH3)6] [Co(CN)6]
[Cu(NH3)4] [Pt(CN)4] & [Pt(NH3)4] [Cu(CN)4]
This type of isomerism is also shown by
compounds in which metal ion is same in both
cationic and anionic complexes. Eg:
[Co(NH3)6] [Co(CN)6] & [Co(NH3)5CN] [Co(CN)5NH3]

9. 6)CO-ORDINATION POSITION ISOMERISM
It is shown by bridged complexes due to
different placement of ligands between the metal
ions. Eg:
OH
[ (NH3)4Co Co(NH3)2Cl2 ]2+
OH
OH
[ Cl(NH3)3Co Co(NH3)3Cl ]2+
OH

10. THANK YOU