This document discusses Islamic banking and economics. It begins by defining conventional banking and then defines Islamic banking as banking based on Islamic law (Shariah) derived from the Quran and Hadith. It discusses different economic systems such as market, command, traditional and mixed economies, noting that capitalism is most common. An Islamic economic system prohibits riba (interest) and aims to align economic activity with Islamic principles by not treating profit/private ownership as absolute rights and viewing wealth as a divine trust from God to be used to benefit society.