The document discusses the system/IPO model used in management. It defines the IPO model as having three main components: inputs, the processing or actions taken, and outputs. Inputs include resources like money, materials, staff, and information that go into the system. Processing refers to the actions and work done within the system using the inputs. Outputs are the results and products that come out of the system, such as profits, satisfaction, or goals being met. The document provides examples of inputs, processes, and outputs for a district health management system using the IPO model. It also notes there is feedback and influence from the internal and external environments on the system.

1. System Model in Management
Nabin Lamichhane
Lecturer
Purbanchal University

2. System/IPO Model of
HCD/PHA

3. Definition of IPO or System
Approach
‘A system is composed of interrelated and
interdependent elements which form a
unitary whole’

4. The components of the IPO model
are defined as:
• Input - The information, ideas, and
resources used
• Processing - Actions taken upon/using
input or stored material
• Output - Results of the processing that
then exit the system
• Feedback
• External Environment
• Internal Environment

5. INPUT Process Out put
•Man
•Money
•Materials
•Management
skill
•Technology
•Information
•Time
•Plan
•Organization
•Staffs
•Leadership
•Control/
supervision
•Commodities
•Services
•Profits
•Satisfaction
•Goal unification
External environment
Re-energizing the system

6. INPUT
Physical
facility
Human
resource
Budget
Logistic
Information
PROCESS
Service delivery
-Technical service
Institution
Community based
-Management service
Planning
Organizing
Staffing
Directing
Coordination
Recording/reporting
Budgeting
Monitoring/supervision
INTERNAL ENVIRONMENT
OUTCOME
Indicators of
various
programmes.
Feedback
External environment
Political instability
Climatic/geographic conditions
Community participation
OUTPUT
Service
utilization
Coverage
HMIS
reporting
status
District Health Management System:
IPO model

8. INDICATORS
• INPUT INDICATORS
• PROCESS INDICATORS
• OUTPUT INDICATORS
• IMPACT INDICATORS

9. SIMILARLY PHO MOdeLS
cAn be deSIgned AS………

11. THANK YOU