Poster prepared for the ILRI Institutional Planning Meeting (IPM) 2019, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 17-19 September 2019.

1. ILRI key research on AMU and AMR
Understanding KAP related to AMU or reduction in
use and the role of formal and informal markets
 Antimicrobial use in livestock production
systems (AMUSE Livestock) tool
The globally standardized tool covers knowledge,
attitudes and practices related to AMU in livestock
production systems, is being rolled out in Ethiopia
(small ruminants), Uganda (pigs) and Vietnam (pigs).
Contact
h.nguyen@cgiar.org
ILRI Vietnam
This document is licensed for use under the Creative Commons
Attribution 4.0 International Licence. September 2019.
Problems/issues
• In Vietnam, to manage pig diseases and increase
meat production, farmers are using antibiotics
(AB) and other antimicrobials, creating a hotbed
for zoonotic diseases and resistance to antibiotic
drugs.
 1023 tons and 981 tons for Vietnamese
chicken and pig production, respectively.
 90% AB sold without prescription
 Dispensed by inexperienced staff
 25% of sales is AB sales
• Farmers have easy access to vet drugs that can
be illegal or counterfeit.
• Little is known about antimicrobial use (AMU) in
animals.
• Factors and incentives influencing AMU are
poorly understood.
• In Vietnam, regulations on use of antibiotics in
livestock sector have been enforced, but not
worked effectively yet.
From left: antibiotics sold at a pharmacy, and drug containers used at
a pig farm in Vietnam.
ILRI research on antimicrobial use and
antimicrobial resistance in smallholder
livestock system in Vietnam
VIDA-PIG project (2018–2020)
In collaboration with the University of Copenhagen (Denmark),
National Institute of Veterinary Research, National Institute of
Nutrition, ILRI is working on the ‘health and antibiotics in
Vietnamese pig production’ that uses the One Health approach
for mapping the many drivers of antibiotics use and resistance
across the Vietnamese pig value chain. The project is funded by
the Danish Ministry of Foreign Affairs and implemented in Bac
Ninh province, Vietnam.
• Antimicrobial stewardship in Thai Nguyen and Hung
Yen province (AMS)
Funded by A4NH, Crawford in Queensland Postgraduate
Student Award and Australian Government, Research
Training Scholarship, the study aims
 To identify the stakeholders and their roles in
responding to cases of animal disease in family-
farming communities in Vietnam
 To determine the barriers and drivers for AMS
among local stakeholders
 To identify leverage points for improved AMS
Studying AMR transmission dynamics at the human–
animal– environment interface in different agricultural
systems
 A thesis studied the patterns of Salmonella serotypes
and AMR of isolates collected between 2014 and 2018
and determine the role of Colistin resistance caused by
mcr-1 (MSc study, PigRISK and SafePORK project,
ILRI/NIVR/London School of Hygiene and Tropical
Medicine).
 A thesis investigated the implementation challenges of
a One Health surveillance system for AMR in Vietnam
(MSc study, Safe PORK/ILRI/University of Sydney).
Designing and evaluating interventions and incentives to
reduce or more effectively use antimicrobials in
agriculture
 Reduction of AMU and AMR in pork supplied to
canteens and schools by using probiotics (SafePORK
project, funded by ACIAR, ILRI/Hanoi University of
Public Health/BioSpring)
 Test the effect of nano-silver and plant extract on
Average Daily Gain (ADG) and AMR reduction in Vinh
Phuc province (ILRI/National Institute of Veterinary
Research, funded by A4NH program)
Rational use of AM, reduced AMR, safer food
Improve understanding of drug use and strengthen capacity in AMR
/AMU surveillance
Pig health and
health
management
practices
1 Antibiotic
resistance in pigs
and antibiotic
residues in pork
products
Effective
interventions for
improving pig
health
management
3
Veterinary drug
use among pig
farmers
2
4
Pig farms, feed mills, abattoirs,
veterinarians, etc.