This research article evaluated the antioxidant potential and free radical scavenging activity of Trichodesma zeylanicum roots. Phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of phenolics, alkaloids, saponins, flavonoids and tannins in the plant extract. The total flavonoid content was determined to be 6.28 mg/gram of dried extract. Tests showed the extract had reducing power and hydrogen peroxide scavenging abilities, with IC50 values indicating good antioxidant activity compared to ascorbic acid. The results suggest T. zeylanicum has potential as a source of antioxidants for wound treatment.
PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING AND ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF VARIOUS SOLVENT EXTRAC...IJSIT Editor
The leaves of the plant Annonareticulata were collected and extracted using different ranges of polar
organic solvents like low (Ethyl acetate), medium (Butanol) and high (Methanol). Qualitative analysis and
antimicrobial activity was investigated. The phytochemical screening of the leaf extract revealed that the
presence of alkaloids, tannins, steroids, terpenoids and coumarins. The Ethyl acetate and Methanol extracts
showed better antibacterial activity, the significant inhibitory effect against Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas
putida and Lactobacillus acidophilus, and thus displayed highest inhibitory zone of 19.5mm, 19mm and 19mm
when compared to Butanol. FT-IR spectroscopic analysis of the Ethyl acetate, Butanol and Methanol extract of
A.reticulata revealed the presence of -CH, -OH, CH-OH and –NH2 bond stretching. The clinical isolates were
collected from patients suffered from different microbial infections. The antibacterial and antifungal activity
was determined by using leaf extracts.
Antifungal Activities and Phytochemical Screening of Xanthium strumariumDheeraj Vasu
ABSTRACT: Antifungal activities and phytochemical screening of Xanthium strumarium (Asteraceae) was carried out in laboratory. Distilled water and methanol extracts of the leaves of plant was prepared. Five phytopathogenic fungi: Alternaria brassicae, Botrytis cinerea, Fusarium oxysporum, Phytophthora capsici and Sclerotium rolfsii were tested at different concentrations (50 mg/ml, 100 mg/ml, 150 mg/ml, 200 mg/ml, 250 mg/ml) of selected plant extracts. The phytochemical screening depicted the presence of terpenoids, saponins, flavonoids, tannins and alkaloids. The antifungal activity of extracts was determined by poisoned food technique; and linear mycelium growth reduction (LMGR) percentage was calculated. The distilled water extracts inhibited the growth of fungal mycelium while methanolic extracts completely inhibited (100%) the growth of some selected fungi at higher concentrations. Fusarium oxysporum was the most susceptible fungus while A. brassicae and B. cinerea were the most resistant fungi.
Key words: Antifungal activities, phytochemical screening, Xanthium strumarium, Linear Mycelium Growth Reduction (LMGR)
PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING AND ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF VARIOUS SOLVENT EXTRAC...IJSIT Editor
The leaves of the plant Annonareticulata were collected and extracted using different ranges of polar
organic solvents like low (Ethyl acetate), medium (Butanol) and high (Methanol). Qualitative analysis and
antimicrobial activity was investigated. The phytochemical screening of the leaf extract revealed that the
presence of alkaloids, tannins, steroids, terpenoids and coumarins. The Ethyl acetate and Methanol extracts
showed better antibacterial activity, the significant inhibitory effect against Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas
putida and Lactobacillus acidophilus, and thus displayed highest inhibitory zone of 19.5mm, 19mm and 19mm
when compared to Butanol. FT-IR spectroscopic analysis of the Ethyl acetate, Butanol and Methanol extract of
A.reticulata revealed the presence of -CH, -OH, CH-OH and –NH2 bond stretching. The clinical isolates were
collected from patients suffered from different microbial infections. The antibacterial and antifungal activity
was determined by using leaf extracts.
Antifungal Activities and Phytochemical Screening of Xanthium strumariumDheeraj Vasu
ABSTRACT: Antifungal activities and phytochemical screening of Xanthium strumarium (Asteraceae) was carried out in laboratory. Distilled water and methanol extracts of the leaves of plant was prepared. Five phytopathogenic fungi: Alternaria brassicae, Botrytis cinerea, Fusarium oxysporum, Phytophthora capsici and Sclerotium rolfsii were tested at different concentrations (50 mg/ml, 100 mg/ml, 150 mg/ml, 200 mg/ml, 250 mg/ml) of selected plant extracts. The phytochemical screening depicted the presence of terpenoids, saponins, flavonoids, tannins and alkaloids. The antifungal activity of extracts was determined by poisoned food technique; and linear mycelium growth reduction (LMGR) percentage was calculated. The distilled water extracts inhibited the growth of fungal mycelium while methanolic extracts completely inhibited (100%) the growth of some selected fungi at higher concentrations. Fusarium oxysporum was the most susceptible fungus while A. brassicae and B. cinerea were the most resistant fungi.
Key words: Antifungal activities, phytochemical screening, Xanthium strumarium, Linear Mycelium Growth Reduction (LMGR)
Phytochemical Screening, Antioxidant, and Antibacterial Activity of Dioon spi...BRNSS Publication Hub
The present study was aimed to investigate the phytochemical, antioxidant, and antibacterial studies of leaf and rachis of Dioon spinulosum Dyer ex Eichl. The phytochemical screening of the plant extracts revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, terpenoids, carbohydrate, and phenols, whereas saponin was absent. The phenolic content expressed as mg/g gallic acid equivalent was determined and was more in methanolic extract of leaf (29.40 mg) than rachis (8.76 mg). Flavonoid contents were also greater in leaves than in rachis and methanol extract contained higher content (2.812 mg/g) than water (1.923 mg/g). Terpenoids were more in the aqueous extracts of both leaf and rachis when compared to methanol extracts. Antioxidant activity of both leaf and rachis extracts was conducted using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and ferric reducing antioxidant power assay. Leaf extract showed more DPPH radical scavenging activity with IC50 value of 130 μg/ml when compared to the rachis of D. spinulosum Dyer ex Eichl. The reducing capability of the leaf extract was found to be more when compared to rachis. The antibacterial potential was evaluated with Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus mutans by agar well diffusion method. Antibacterial activity was observed only at higher concentration (1000 μg/ml) with inhibition zones of 12 mm and 13 mm.
International Journal of Pharmaceutical Science Invention (IJPSI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of Pahrmaceutical Science. IJPSI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
Antibacterial Activity of Leaf Methanolic Extract of S. Caryophyllatum (L.) A...iosrjce
S.caryophyllatum (L.) Alston belongs to the family Myrtaceae is an endangered species. It possesses
traditional as well as pharmacological properties. The objective of the present investigation was to find out the
antibacterial activity of S. caryophyllatum leaf methanolic extract against some human pathogenic bacteria. It
was followed by Disc Diffusion method using gram positive and gram negative bacterial strains such as
Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus megaterium, Sarcina lutea, Esherichia coli,
Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella Spp., Salmonella typhi and Proteus mirabilis. The result showed that the
inhibitory effect on Bacillus subtilis (24mm) was high when compared to E. coli (21mm) and Bacillus cereus
(20mm).This effect on the bacterial strains may be due to the presence of secondary metabolites present in the
leaf methanolic extract of Syzygium caryophyllatum.
Phytochemical Screening and In-vitro Antibacterial Activity of Mangifera indi...iosrphr_editor
The IOSR Journal of Pharmacy (IOSRPHR) is an open access online & offline peer reviewed international journal, which publishes innovative research papers, reviews, mini-reviews, short communications and notes dealing with Pharmaceutical Sciences( Pharmaceutical Technology, Pharmaceutics, Biopharmaceutics, Pharmacokinetics, Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Computational Chemistry and Molecular Drug Design, Pharmacognosy & Phytochemistry, Pharmacology, Pharmaceutical Analysis, Pharmacy Practice, Clinical and Hospital Pharmacy, Cell Biology, Genomics and Proteomics, Pharmacogenomics, Bioinformatics and Biotechnology of Pharmaceutical Interest........more details on Aim & Scope).
ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY AND PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING OF NEEM LEAVES AND LEMON G...IAEME Publication
In this study, the antimicrobial activity and phytochemical constituents of neem
leaves and lemon grass oil extracts were evaluated. Oil extracts of neem leaves and
lemon grass were obtained by solvent extraction method using hexane and ethanol.
Antimicrobial activity screening of plants’ oil extracts were conducted using agar well
diffusion method and the oil extracts were tested against three gram negative bacteria
(Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella specie, Escherichia coli), one gram positive
bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus) and two fungi (Candida albicans, Rhizopus specie).
Phytochemical components of the ethanolic oil extracts were anthocyanin and
betacyanin; quinones; terpenoids and acid for lemon grass. In addition to other
phytochemicals present in lemon grass ethanolic oil extract, neem ethanolic oil extracts
tested positive to flavonoids. Lemon grass oil extract shows high activity against
Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans which are
representative of the three categories of microorganisms considered. Neem leaves oil
extracts have relatively low activity against most of the selected microorganisms.
International Journal of Engineering and Science Invention (IJESI)inventionjournals
International Journal of Engineering and Science Invention (IJESI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of computer science and electronics. IJESI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Engineering Science and Technology, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
ANTI - INFLAMMATORY ACTIVITY OF LEAVES OF JATROPHA GOSSYPIFOLIA L.Raju Sanghvi
BY HRBC MEMBRANE STABILIZATION METHOD, Introduction, Preparation of extracts, Chemicals and instruments, In vitro anti – inflammatory activity, Acute oral toxicity study, Discussion
Identification of Bioactive Phytochemicals using GC–MS in Leaf Ethanolic Extr...ijtsrd
Tragia involucrata is belonging to the family Euphorbiaceae common medicinal herb in Southern India. In the present investigation, air died powdered ethanol extracts of Tragia involucrata leaf sample was analyzed by gas chromatography mass spectrometry GC–MS to identify the important phytochemical constituents. The GC MS analysis has shown the presence of 43 active compounds in the leaf extract. Based on area percentage, the top five major compounds present in the ethanolic extract were Palmitic acid 13.39 , 7Z,10Z,13Z 7,10,13 Hexadecatrienal 11.44 , 3beta,24s Stigmast 5 En 3 One 8.10 , Pipeline 7.37 and Friedelan 3 one 6.01 . The GC MS analysis of selected leaf extract proved that the presence of various bioactive compounds. These bioactive compounds justify, the use of this plant to treat various diseases by traditional practitioners. Kalaivanan M | A. Saravana Ganthi | M. Padma Sorna Subramanian "Identification of Bioactive Phytochemicals using GC–MS in Leaf Ethanolic Extract of Tragia Involucrata L" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-4 , June 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.compapers/ijtsrd43651.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.combiological-science/biochemistry/43651/identification-of-bioactive-phytochemicals-using-gc–ms-in-leaf-ethanolic-extract-of-tragia-involucrata-l/kalaivanan-m
Ryan Bloch Graduated from Cardozo law and is president at Body Cosmetica. After attending Cardozo School of Law and passing the bar exam, Ryan Bloch went into business In 2002. Ryanbloch opened 8 medical spas in New York, 2 in Philadelphia, and 2 in South Florida. In 2011. Ryan Bloch formed Body Cosmetica, a plastic surgery organization with 26 centers and 20 plastic surgeons, in 5 States. In 2012, understanding patient needs for tiered financing I founded Cosmetica Payment Plus www.cosmeticapaymentplus.com. In 2014 recognizing that their were new applications in the market for patient efficacy.
Phytochemical Screening, Antioxidant, and Antibacterial Activity of Dioon spi...BRNSS Publication Hub
The present study was aimed to investigate the phytochemical, antioxidant, and antibacterial studies of leaf and rachis of Dioon spinulosum Dyer ex Eichl. The phytochemical screening of the plant extracts revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, terpenoids, carbohydrate, and phenols, whereas saponin was absent. The phenolic content expressed as mg/g gallic acid equivalent was determined and was more in methanolic extract of leaf (29.40 mg) than rachis (8.76 mg). Flavonoid contents were also greater in leaves than in rachis and methanol extract contained higher content (2.812 mg/g) than water (1.923 mg/g). Terpenoids were more in the aqueous extracts of both leaf and rachis when compared to methanol extracts. Antioxidant activity of both leaf and rachis extracts was conducted using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and ferric reducing antioxidant power assay. Leaf extract showed more DPPH radical scavenging activity with IC50 value of 130 μg/ml when compared to the rachis of D. spinulosum Dyer ex Eichl. The reducing capability of the leaf extract was found to be more when compared to rachis. The antibacterial potential was evaluated with Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus mutans by agar well diffusion method. Antibacterial activity was observed only at higher concentration (1000 μg/ml) with inhibition zones of 12 mm and 13 mm.
International Journal of Pharmaceutical Science Invention (IJPSI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of Pahrmaceutical Science. IJPSI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
Antibacterial Activity of Leaf Methanolic Extract of S. Caryophyllatum (L.) A...iosrjce
S.caryophyllatum (L.) Alston belongs to the family Myrtaceae is an endangered species. It possesses
traditional as well as pharmacological properties. The objective of the present investigation was to find out the
antibacterial activity of S. caryophyllatum leaf methanolic extract against some human pathogenic bacteria. It
was followed by Disc Diffusion method using gram positive and gram negative bacterial strains such as
Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus megaterium, Sarcina lutea, Esherichia coli,
Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella Spp., Salmonella typhi and Proteus mirabilis. The result showed that the
inhibitory effect on Bacillus subtilis (24mm) was high when compared to E. coli (21mm) and Bacillus cereus
(20mm).This effect on the bacterial strains may be due to the presence of secondary metabolites present in the
leaf methanolic extract of Syzygium caryophyllatum.
Phytochemical Screening and In-vitro Antibacterial Activity of Mangifera indi...iosrphr_editor
The IOSR Journal of Pharmacy (IOSRPHR) is an open access online & offline peer reviewed international journal, which publishes innovative research papers, reviews, mini-reviews, short communications and notes dealing with Pharmaceutical Sciences( Pharmaceutical Technology, Pharmaceutics, Biopharmaceutics, Pharmacokinetics, Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Computational Chemistry and Molecular Drug Design, Pharmacognosy & Phytochemistry, Pharmacology, Pharmaceutical Analysis, Pharmacy Practice, Clinical and Hospital Pharmacy, Cell Biology, Genomics and Proteomics, Pharmacogenomics, Bioinformatics and Biotechnology of Pharmaceutical Interest........more details on Aim & Scope).
ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY AND PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING OF NEEM LEAVES AND LEMON G...IAEME Publication
In this study, the antimicrobial activity and phytochemical constituents of neem
leaves and lemon grass oil extracts were evaluated. Oil extracts of neem leaves and
lemon grass were obtained by solvent extraction method using hexane and ethanol.
Antimicrobial activity screening of plants’ oil extracts were conducted using agar well
diffusion method and the oil extracts were tested against three gram negative bacteria
(Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella specie, Escherichia coli), one gram positive
bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus) and two fungi (Candida albicans, Rhizopus specie).
Phytochemical components of the ethanolic oil extracts were anthocyanin and
betacyanin; quinones; terpenoids and acid for lemon grass. In addition to other
phytochemicals present in lemon grass ethanolic oil extract, neem ethanolic oil extracts
tested positive to flavonoids. Lemon grass oil extract shows high activity against
Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans which are
representative of the three categories of microorganisms considered. Neem leaves oil
extracts have relatively low activity against most of the selected microorganisms.
International Journal of Engineering and Science Invention (IJESI)inventionjournals
International Journal of Engineering and Science Invention (IJESI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of computer science and electronics. IJESI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Engineering Science and Technology, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
ANTI - INFLAMMATORY ACTIVITY OF LEAVES OF JATROPHA GOSSYPIFOLIA L.Raju Sanghvi
BY HRBC MEMBRANE STABILIZATION METHOD, Introduction, Preparation of extracts, Chemicals and instruments, In vitro anti – inflammatory activity, Acute oral toxicity study, Discussion
Identification of Bioactive Phytochemicals using GC–MS in Leaf Ethanolic Extr...ijtsrd
Tragia involucrata is belonging to the family Euphorbiaceae common medicinal herb in Southern India. In the present investigation, air died powdered ethanol extracts of Tragia involucrata leaf sample was analyzed by gas chromatography mass spectrometry GC–MS to identify the important phytochemical constituents. The GC MS analysis has shown the presence of 43 active compounds in the leaf extract. Based on area percentage, the top five major compounds present in the ethanolic extract were Palmitic acid 13.39 , 7Z,10Z,13Z 7,10,13 Hexadecatrienal 11.44 , 3beta,24s Stigmast 5 En 3 One 8.10 , Pipeline 7.37 and Friedelan 3 one 6.01 . The GC MS analysis of selected leaf extract proved that the presence of various bioactive compounds. These bioactive compounds justify, the use of this plant to treat various diseases by traditional practitioners. Kalaivanan M | A. Saravana Ganthi | M. Padma Sorna Subramanian "Identification of Bioactive Phytochemicals using GC–MS in Leaf Ethanolic Extract of Tragia Involucrata L" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-4 , June 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.compapers/ijtsrd43651.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.combiological-science/biochemistry/43651/identification-of-bioactive-phytochemicals-using-gc–ms-in-leaf-ethanolic-extract-of-tragia-involucrata-l/kalaivanan-m
Ryan Bloch Graduated from Cardozo law and is president at Body Cosmetica. After attending Cardozo School of Law and passing the bar exam, Ryan Bloch went into business In 2002. Ryanbloch opened 8 medical spas in New York, 2 in Philadelphia, and 2 in South Florida. In 2011. Ryan Bloch formed Body Cosmetica, a plastic surgery organization with 26 centers and 20 plastic surgeons, in 5 States. In 2012, understanding patient needs for tiered financing I founded Cosmetica Payment Plus www.cosmeticapaymentplus.com. In 2014 recognizing that their were new applications in the market for patient efficacy.
ANTIMICROBIAL PROPERTY OF AQUEOUS AND PETROLEUM ETHER LEAF EXTRACTS OF JATRO...IJSIT Editor
The experiment was carried out to investigate the antimicrobial property of aqueous and Petroleum
ether leaf extracts of Jatrophacurcas against some gram positive micro-organisms: Staphylococcus aureus,
Bacillus subtilis and some gram negative micro-organisms: Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi using
antibiotics; Gentamycin as control. The phytochemical screening of aqueous and petroleum ether extracts
showed the presences of cardiac glycosides, steroids and terpenes, tannins, phlobatannins, anthraguinones
and saponins. The disc diffusion techniques was used to test the sensitivity of the micro-organism to the
extracts of Jatrophacurcas the results obtained show mean zones of inhibition between (19 + 0.6mm) to (30 +
0.3mm) for aqueous extract and (24 + 0.5mm) to (35 + 0.8mm) for petroleum ether extract. Micro-organisms
showed sensitivity in the following order: E.coli;(17 + 0.3mm) and (25 + 0.8mm), S.aureus; (26 + 0.2mm) and
(28 + 0.6mm), B.subtilis; (16 + 0.1mm) and (20 + 0.7mm), and S.typhi (25 + 0.2mm) and (27 + 0.6mm) for
aqueous and petroleum ether extracts respectively. The minimum inhibition concentration (MIC) for both
extracts show that the extracts inhibited the growth of the entire test organism at concentration 0.6mg/ml.
This result thus suggests the potency of Jatrophacurcas as an antimicrobial agent especially at the
concentration employed.
Development, Characterization, and Isolation of Alkaloidal Fraction from Teph...BRNSS Publication Hub
A wound is a break in the skin. Wound is usually caused by cuts or scalps, and symptoms at wound or injury include swelling, stiffness, tenderness, discoloration skin tightness, itching, and scar formation, two types of tissue injury. Wound healing is a complex dynamic process. The main objective of this investigation is to study the development, characterization, and isolation of alkaloidal fraction from Tephrosia purpurea and evaluate its wound healing activity in various wound models such as excision, incision, dead space, and burn wound models. Various evaluation parameters such as wound contraction, epithelization time, tensile strength, wet and dry granuloma weight, and hydroxyproline estimation were performed. The main objective of this investigation is to develop a product, which may give a wound healing property, and enhance wound healing process such as increase the collagen synthesis, fibroblast proliferation, angiogenesis, and epithelization because products which are available in market are either antiseptic or antimicrobial.
Membrane Stabilizing And Antimicrobial Activities Of Caladium Bicolor And Che...IOSR Journals
The crude methanol extracts of whole plant of Caladium bicolor (Aiton) Vent. and leaf of Chenopodium album L. as well as their pet-ether, carbon tetrachloride, chloroform and aqueous soluble fractions were evaluated for membrane stabilizing and antimicrobial activities. At concentration 1.0 mg/ml, the carbon tetrachloride soluble fraction of C. bicolor inhibited 43.92±1.63% and 38.08±0.83 % hypotonic solution and heat induced haemolysis of RBCs, respectively. Among the extractives of C. album, the aqueous soluble fraction inhibited 47.11±0.49 % and 36.73±0.76 % hypotonic solution and heat induced haemolysis of RBCs as compared to 72.79 % and 42.12 % by acetyl salicylic acid (0.10 mg/ml), respectively. C. bicolor test samples demonstrated zone of inhibition ranging from 6.0 to 20.0 mm. The chloroform soluble fraction showed the highest zone of inhibition (20.0 mm) against Staphylococcus aureus. The test samples of C. album displayed zone of inhibition ranging from 7.0 to 13.0 mm. The highest zone of inhibition (13.0 mm) was showed by the chloroform soluble fraction against Salmonella paratyphi
Qualitative Evaluation and Wound Healing Potential of Selected Medicinal Plan...BRNSS Publication Hub
Objective: The aim of the paper was to assess the wound healing potential of three medicinal plants using the excision wound healing model on albino rat. Materials and Methods: Soxhlet extraction method was utilized for the partition of the constituent of interest. Qualitative analysis and phytochemical screening were performed for the detection of tannins, alkaloids, resins, flavonoids, glycosides, steroids, proteins, carbohydrates, and amino acids. Three plants extract used for the ointment formulation and prepared by the addition of extract of Artocarpus heterophyllus, Murraya koenigii, and Punica granatum in polyethylene glycol ointment base. Three ointment formulations and six extracts with 5% and 10% extract concentration have been used. Excision wound rat model utilized for the wound healing potential. Results and Conclusion: All three plants, including A. heterophyllus Lam., M. koenigii Linn., and P. granatum Linn. extracted for the active constituent. The pharmacological evaluation on the excision wound healing model suggested that Group-I animals showed 52.09% of healing, whereas povidone-iodine treated animals showed 100.00% healing. On the other hand, the ointment formulation treated F-1 showed 96.47% of wound healing, F-2 showed 97.68% healing, and F-3 showed 99.11% healing. The overall healing results can be represented as following: Control <MKL5 <MKL10 <PGB5 <PGB10 <AHP5 <AHP10 <F-1 <F-2 <F-3 <Standard. F3 ointment formulation is better than the F2 and F1 formulation in wound healing potential as compared to others. Discussion: These studies have indicated that ointment formulations of A. heterophyllus, M. koenigii, P. granatum have been utilized for wound healing potential and it is safer for topical application. Excision wound healing model suggested that the three individual plant extract has shown the wound healing potential, although the prepared ointment formulations F3 have best and synergistic action than the individual. The ointment formulations containing plant extracts in 10% amount have better wound healing potential.
Bio-active phytoconstituents from non-polar extracts of Diospyros lotus stems...Jing Zang
The objective of this study is to isolate phytoconstituents from Diospyros lotus stems extracts and to evaluate antifungal, lectin and trypsin inhibitory activities of the extracts. The stems were extracted with petroleum ether, diethyl ether and chloroform, respectively, three compounds were isolated and identified as β-sitosterol, stigmasterol and protocatechic acid from both petroleum ether and ether extracts. Chloroform extract was subjected to silica gel column chromatography using CHCl3 as eluent and an increasing amount of EtOAc and MeOH gradually resulted in the isolation and identification of kaempferol 8-O-methylether, apigenin, kaempferol, kaempferol 3-O-α-rhamnoside and luteolin 7-O-β-glucoside. The petroleum ether, diethyl ether and chloroform extracts of Diospyros lotus were tested at the concentration of 0.1 mg/ml for their effect against the fungus Mycosphaerella arachidicola and for their lectin and trypsin inhibitory activities. The results showed that the extracts exhibited significant antifungal activity but had no hemagglutinating and trypsin inhibitory activities.
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
The papers for publication in The International Journal of Engineering& Science are selected through rigorous peer reviews to ensure originality, timeliness, relevance, and readability.
1. RESEARCH ARTICLE
e-ISSN: 2249-622X
*Corresponding author: Frank Ngonda | Department of Biological Sciences, Chancellor College, University of Malawi,
P.O. Box 280, Zomba, Malawi | Email: ngondafb@yahoo.com
Page21Page21
In- vitro Anti-oxidant Activity and Free Radical Scavenging Potential of roots of Malawian
Trichodesma zeylanicumm (burm. f.)
Frank Ngonda*
*Department of Biological Sciences, Chancellor College, University of Malawi, P.O. Box 280, Zomba, Malawi.
ABSTRACT:
Aim: To evaluate the antioxidant potential and free scavenging activity of T.
zeylanicum powdered root extract.
Material and Methods: The plant extract (50mg) obtained by soxhlet
extraction method was dissolved separately in 50ml of methanol and the
resultant solution serially diluted to concentrations 0.5, 0.25, 0.125 and
0.0625 mg/ml. The antioxidant potential and free radical scavenging activity
were analysed using reducing power assay and hydrogen peroxide scavenging
activity methods. Phytochemical analysis was performed on the plant extract
to detect the presence of phytoconstituents.
Results and Discussions: Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of
phenolics, alkaloids, saponins, flavonoids and tannins. The flavonoids content
were found to be 6.28±0.06 mg/gram of the dried extract. The reducing
power assay showed that reducing ability of the extract were significantly
increased with increasing concentration and were higher compared to the
standard ascorbic acid. Methanolic extract of T. zeylanicum also showed good
scavenging ability compared to the standard ascorbic acid. The IC₅₀ values
were found to be 0.122 mg/ml compared to standard ascorbic acid
0.717mg/ml. At a concentration of 1mg/ml, the scavenging percentages were
74.82 and 48.12 for T. zeylanicum extract and standard respectively.
Conclusion: The result indicates the potential of T. zeylanicum as a source of
antioxidants relevant to wound treatment.
Keywords: Trichodesma zeylanicum, reducing power assay, hydrogen
peroxide scavenging activity, antioxidant potential, Phytochemical analysis.
1. INTRODUCTION
Wound infections are one of the most common diseases in
the developing countries because of poor hygienic
conditions (Senthil Kumar et al., 2006). Wounds are
physical injuries that results in an opening or breaking of
the skin. Wound-healing is a process that comprises three
phases, e.g. inflammation, proliferation and remodelling
and proceeds with complicated and well-organised
interaction between various tissues and cells by
overlapping between successive stages. Proper healing of
wounds is essential for the restoration of disrupted
anatomical continuity and disturbed functional status of
the skin (Jorge et al., 2010).
When wound occurs, it is generally accompanied by
classical symptoms of inflammation i.e. pain, reddening
and edema. The inflammation stage begins immediately
after injury; first with vasoconstriction, and platelet
aggregation at the injury site, and then the infiltration of
leukocytes and T-lymphocytes into the wound area. The
cicatrisation process proceeds naturally, since the
damaged tissues attempts to re-establish hemostasis. In
the inflammatory stage, the main aim is the removal of
debris, damaged tissue, and bacteria by neutrophils and
macrophages which have a role in anti-microbial defense
and debridement of devitalized tissue by production of
proteolytic enzymes and reactive oxygen species (ROS)
(Jorge et al., 2010). ROS is produced in high amounts at
the site of wounds as a defense mechanism against
invading bacteria (Reddy et al., 2008). However, the
Received:
7
th
May 2013
Received in revised form:
20
th
May 2013
Accepted:
31
st
May 2013
Available online:
10
th
June 2013
Online ISSN 2249–622X
http://www.jbiopharm.com