Types of Inventions; Difference between invention and innovation; Types of innovation; Innovation process vs Process innovation; Linear innovation models.. Technology push model, Market pull model; Flexible innovation process models
Types of Inventions; Difference between invention and innovation; Types of innovation; Innovation process vs Process innovation; Linear innovation models.. Technology push model, Market pull model; Flexible innovation process models
Innovation Management - 2 - Types of InnovationJoseph Ho
4 Types of Innovation
- Sustaining Innovation
- Breakthrough Innovation
- Disruptive Innovation
- Basic Research
Dimensions of Innovation Space
- Product
- Process
- Position
- Paradigm
As I have recently included some new content in my presentations and sessions, I would like to share these insights with you in the form of an updated presentation deck. Here, I focus on the the following views and messages:
- A general state of innovation and what you need to know about it these days
- What open innovation is and how it is relevant in the context of big companies and SME´s and startups
- What it takes to be successful with innovation today as an individual and as a team
When I give talks and sessions, I draw upon a comprehensive set of content which you can look further at www.innovationupgrade.com.
Innovation is the glue between invention and investment, and transforms ideas into businesses. The process of innovation shapes your idea into something people will value and ultimately purchase.
The innovation process cycles through 4 key steps:
1) Ideas and Solutions
2) Business propositions
3) Business feasibility
4) Business planning
What is innovation?
Various types of innovation?
The process of innovation.
Examples of successful and unsuccessful innovation.
packaging innovation.
Importance of innovation.
Get on top of Innovation by understanding the essentials. What it is. The types of Innovation and the elements of an Innovation ecosystem. Thanks for viewing orxil(a)yahoo.com
In business theory, a disruptive innovation is an innovation that creates a new market and value network and eventually displaces established market-leading firms, products, and alliances
A short talk which I gave for a Brown Bag Create session at DERIVCO. The title is "Innovation & Invention" but the talk really focuses on the value of innovation, providing some examples of how existing things have been adapted, transformed and renewed.
Follow the URLs to listen to the audio tracks.
Innovation Management - 2 - Types of InnovationJoseph Ho
4 Types of Innovation
- Sustaining Innovation
- Breakthrough Innovation
- Disruptive Innovation
- Basic Research
Dimensions of Innovation Space
- Product
- Process
- Position
- Paradigm
As I have recently included some new content in my presentations and sessions, I would like to share these insights with you in the form of an updated presentation deck. Here, I focus on the the following views and messages:
- A general state of innovation and what you need to know about it these days
- What open innovation is and how it is relevant in the context of big companies and SME´s and startups
- What it takes to be successful with innovation today as an individual and as a team
When I give talks and sessions, I draw upon a comprehensive set of content which you can look further at www.innovationupgrade.com.
Innovation is the glue between invention and investment, and transforms ideas into businesses. The process of innovation shapes your idea into something people will value and ultimately purchase.
The innovation process cycles through 4 key steps:
1) Ideas and Solutions
2) Business propositions
3) Business feasibility
4) Business planning
What is innovation?
Various types of innovation?
The process of innovation.
Examples of successful and unsuccessful innovation.
packaging innovation.
Importance of innovation.
Get on top of Innovation by understanding the essentials. What it is. The types of Innovation and the elements of an Innovation ecosystem. Thanks for viewing orxil(a)yahoo.com
In business theory, a disruptive innovation is an innovation that creates a new market and value network and eventually displaces established market-leading firms, products, and alliances
A short talk which I gave for a Brown Bag Create session at DERIVCO. The title is "Innovation & Invention" but the talk really focuses on the value of innovation, providing some examples of how existing things have been adapted, transformed and renewed.
Follow the URLs to listen to the audio tracks.
*Exposições de Walter Bender, diretor executivo do Media Lab MIT, e David
Cavallo, pesquisador do Media Lab e diretor do grupo de investigação sobre o
"Futuro do Aprendizado" -- Instituto Fernando Henrique Cardoso, 01/06/2005,
NAE, 07/06/2005*
Advertising agencies are obsessed with innovation. They also have one of the most unique sets of creative talent of any industry. Yet the creative department is the most suspicious of "innovation" of any group at the agency. Could it be that actually Creative Directors hold the keys to converting ad agencies into what so many desire: innovation partners to clients?
(special thanks to @seelydiaplay for presentation design help)
Ready, Set, Present (Creativity PowerPoint Presentation Content): 100+ PowerPoint presentation content slides. Creativity adds to everyone’s personal and professional bottom line and is where innovation and excellence begins. Creativity PowerPoint Presentation Content slides include topics such as: understanding creativity as a human skill using mini systems and processes, the benefits of creativity, left and right brain thinking, blocks to creativity, organizational success through creativity, over techniques, methods, examples and exercises. There are 9 slides covering the definition of creativity, 10 slides on how creative mind works followed by 14 slides describing the process of creativity, creative people and their qualities. Within the first 43 slides you will discover connection between creativity and organizational success and ways to increase your personal creativity. In addition you will receive 19 slides of unique information about fostering organizational creativity, 23 slides covering management and group creativity as well as 11 slides about creativity and the future plus much more.
Research methodology unit-i-research ∧ its various process_notes for B.co...Manoj Kumar
The Objective of this PPT is give basic introduction about Research Methodology .In This material details about Introduction of Research, Research Problem, Literature review
Research types and process, Variables & Hypothesis
Problems Encountered by Researchers in India
Other concepts will be discussed as separate units with individual PPT for each
For other units notes kindly refer the links below
Unit-II
https://www2.slideshare.net/ManojKumar730/research-methodology-unit-iidata-collection
Unit-iii
https://www2.slideshare.net/ManojKumar730/research-methodlogy-unitiiisampling
Unit-IV
https://www2.slideshare.net/ManojKumar730/research-methodlogy-unitivmeasurement-and-data-preperationfor-bbabcommba-and-for-other-ug-and-pg-students
Unit-V
https://www2.slideshare.net/ManojKumar730/research-methodlogy-unitvreseach-report-for-bcom-bba-mba-and-other-ug-and-pg-courses
Research methodology Notes for B.com,BBA,MBA_Madurai Kamaraj University and f...Manoj Kumar
This PPT is designed to introduce students to the basic concepts of business research methods. This ppt material focuses on the research process in management research. It also focuses on the importance of selection of an appropriate research methods .It is concerned with understanding and application of the variety of research methods, This ppt is structured to cover f: a) nature of research, research design and planning; b) quantitative research design and data collection; d) data interpretation and analysis; and e) writing up research report. The module helps the student to critically examine issues of the selection of an appropriate research method and basic understanding of other research process
This PPt helps you to understand the Re search Methodlogy concepts like Introduction of Research, Research Problem, Literature review
Research types and process, Variables & Hypothesis
Data Collection Methods
Sampling Methods & Process
Scales & Scaling Technique
Data Processing
Analysis & Interpretation
Report Writing
For Unit wise notes use the below links
Unit-I
https://www2.slideshare.net/ManojKumar730/research-methodology-unitiresearch-and-its-various-process
Unit-II
https://www2.slideshare.net/ManojKumar730/research-methodology-unit-iidata-collection
Unit-iii
https://www2.slideshare.net/ManojKumar730/research-methodlogy-unitiiisampling
Unit-IV
https://www2.slideshare.net/ManojKumar730/research-methodlogy-unitivmeasurement-and-data-preperationfor-bbabcommba-and-for-other-ug-and-pg-students
Unit-V
https://www2.slideshare.net/ManojKumar730/research-methodlogy-unitvreseach-report-for-bcom-bba-mba-and-other-ug-and-pg-courses
Research is a systematic inquiry to describe, explain, predict and control the observed phenomenon. Research is a structured inquiry that utilizes acceptable scientific methodology to solve problems and create new knowledge that is generally applicable.
(May 29th, 2024) Advancements in Intravital Microscopy- Insights for Preclini...Scintica Instrumentation
Intravital microscopy (IVM) is a powerful tool utilized to study cellular behavior over time and space in vivo. Much of our understanding of cell biology has been accomplished using various in vitro and ex vivo methods; however, these studies do not necessarily reflect the natural dynamics of biological processes. Unlike traditional cell culture or fixed tissue imaging, IVM allows for the ultra-fast high-resolution imaging of cellular processes over time and space and were studied in its natural environment. Real-time visualization of biological processes in the context of an intact organism helps maintain physiological relevance and provide insights into the progression of disease, response to treatments or developmental processes.
In this webinar we give an overview of advanced applications of the IVM system in preclinical research. IVIM technology is a provider of all-in-one intravital microscopy systems and solutions optimized for in vivo imaging of live animal models at sub-micron resolution. The system’s unique features and user-friendly software enables researchers to probe fast dynamic biological processes such as immune cell tracking, cell-cell interaction as well as vascularization and tumor metastasis with exceptional detail. This webinar will also give an overview of IVM being utilized in drug development, offering a view into the intricate interaction between drugs/nanoparticles and tissues in vivo and allows for the evaluation of therapeutic intervention in a variety of tissues and organs. This interdisciplinary collaboration continues to drive the advancements of novel therapeutic strategies.
Multi-source connectivity as the driver of solar wind variability in the heli...Sérgio Sacani
The ambient solar wind that flls the heliosphere originates from multiple
sources in the solar corona and is highly structured. It is often described
as high-speed, relatively homogeneous, plasma streams from coronal
holes and slow-speed, highly variable, streams whose source regions are
under debate. A key goal of ESA/NASA’s Solar Orbiter mission is to identify
solar wind sources and understand what drives the complexity seen in the
heliosphere. By combining magnetic feld modelling and spectroscopic
techniques with high-resolution observations and measurements, we show
that the solar wind variability detected in situ by Solar Orbiter in March
2022 is driven by spatio-temporal changes in the magnetic connectivity to
multiple sources in the solar atmosphere. The magnetic feld footpoints
connected to the spacecraft moved from the boundaries of a coronal hole
to one active region (12961) and then across to another region (12957). This
is refected in the in situ measurements, which show the transition from fast
to highly Alfvénic then to slow solar wind that is disrupted by the arrival of
a coronal mass ejection. Our results describe solar wind variability at 0.5 au
but are applicable to near-Earth observatories.
Richard's aventures in two entangled wonderlandsRichard Gill
Since the loophole-free Bell experiments of 2020 and the Nobel prizes in physics of 2022, critics of Bell's work have retreated to the fortress of super-determinism. Now, super-determinism is a derogatory word - it just means "determinism". Palmer, Hance and Hossenfelder argue that quantum mechanics and determinism are not incompatible, using a sophisticated mathematical construction based on a subtle thinning of allowed states and measurements in quantum mechanics, such that what is left appears to make Bell's argument fail, without altering the empirical predictions of quantum mechanics. I think however that it is a smoke screen, and the slogan "lost in math" comes to my mind. I will discuss some other recent disproofs of Bell's theorem using the language of causality based on causal graphs. Causal thinking is also central to law and justice. I will mention surprising connections to my work on serial killer nurse cases, in particular the Dutch case of Lucia de Berk and the current UK case of Lucy Letby.
Slide 1: Title Slide
Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Slide 2: Introduction to Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Definition: Extrachromosomal inheritance refers to the transmission of genetic material that is not found within the nucleus.
Key Components: Involves genes located in mitochondria, chloroplasts, and plasmids.
Slide 3: Mitochondrial Inheritance
Mitochondria: Organelles responsible for energy production.
Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA): Circular DNA molecule found in mitochondria.
Inheritance Pattern: Maternally inherited, meaning it is passed from mothers to all their offspring.
Diseases: Examples include Leber’s hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) and mitochondrial myopathy.
Slide 4: Chloroplast Inheritance
Chloroplasts: Organelles responsible for photosynthesis in plants.
Chloroplast DNA (cpDNA): Circular DNA molecule found in chloroplasts.
Inheritance Pattern: Often maternally inherited in most plants, but can vary in some species.
Examples: Variegation in plants, where leaf color patterns are determined by chloroplast DNA.
Slide 5: Plasmid Inheritance
Plasmids: Small, circular DNA molecules found in bacteria and some eukaryotes.
Features: Can carry antibiotic resistance genes and can be transferred between cells through processes like conjugation.
Significance: Important in biotechnology for gene cloning and genetic engineering.
Slide 6: Mechanisms of Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Non-Mendelian Patterns: Do not follow Mendel’s laws of inheritance.
Cytoplasmic Segregation: During cell division, organelles like mitochondria and chloroplasts are randomly distributed to daughter cells.
Heteroplasmy: Presence of more than one type of organellar genome within a cell, leading to variation in expression.
Slide 7: Examples of Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Four O’clock Plant (Mirabilis jalapa): Shows variegated leaves due to different cpDNA in leaf cells.
Petite Mutants in Yeast: Result from mutations in mitochondrial DNA affecting respiration.
Slide 8: Importance of Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Evolution: Provides insight into the evolution of eukaryotic cells.
Medicine: Understanding mitochondrial inheritance helps in diagnosing and treating mitochondrial diseases.
Agriculture: Chloroplast inheritance can be used in plant breeding and genetic modification.
Slide 9: Recent Research and Advances
Gene Editing: Techniques like CRISPR-Cas9 are being used to edit mitochondrial and chloroplast DNA.
Therapies: Development of mitochondrial replacement therapy (MRT) for preventing mitochondrial diseases.
Slide 10: Conclusion
Summary: Extrachromosomal inheritance involves the transmission of genetic material outside the nucleus and plays a crucial role in genetics, medicine, and biotechnology.
Future Directions: Continued research and technological advancements hold promise for new treatments and applications.
Slide 11: Questions and Discussion
Invite Audience: Open the floor for any questions or further discussion on the topic.
Introduction:
RNA interference (RNAi) or Post-Transcriptional Gene Silencing (PTGS) is an important biological process for modulating eukaryotic gene expression.
It is highly conserved process of posttranscriptional gene silencing by which double stranded RNA (dsRNA) causes sequence-specific degradation of mRNA sequences.
dsRNA-induced gene silencing (RNAi) is reported in a wide range of eukaryotes ranging from worms, insects, mammals and plants.
This process mediates resistance to both endogenous parasitic and exogenous pathogenic nucleic acids, and regulates the expression of protein-coding genes.
What are small ncRNAs?
micro RNA (miRNA)
short interfering RNA (siRNA)
Properties of small non-coding RNA:
Involved in silencing mRNA transcripts.
Called “small” because they are usually only about 21-24 nucleotides long.
Synthesized by first cutting up longer precursor sequences (like the 61nt one that Lee discovered).
Silence an mRNA by base pairing with some sequence on the mRNA.
Discovery of siRNA?
The first small RNA:
In 1993 Rosalind Lee (Victor Ambros lab) was studying a non- coding gene in C. elegans, lin-4, that was involved in silencing of another gene, lin-14, at the appropriate time in the
development of the worm C. elegans.
Two small transcripts of lin-4 (22nt and 61nt) were found to be complementary to a sequence in the 3' UTR of lin-14.
Because lin-4 encoded no protein, she deduced that it must be these transcripts that are causing the silencing by RNA-RNA interactions.
Types of RNAi ( non coding RNA)
MiRNA
Length (23-25 nt)
Trans acting
Binds with target MRNA in mismatch
Translation inhibition
Si RNA
Length 21 nt.
Cis acting
Bind with target Mrna in perfect complementary sequence
Piwi-RNA
Length ; 25 to 36 nt.
Expressed in Germ Cells
Regulates trnasposomes activity
MECHANISM OF RNAI:
First the double-stranded RNA teams up with a protein complex named Dicer, which cuts the long RNA into short pieces.
Then another protein complex called RISC (RNA-induced silencing complex) discards one of the two RNA strands.
The RISC-docked, single-stranded RNA then pairs with the homologous mRNA and destroys it.
THE RISC COMPLEX:
RISC is large(>500kD) RNA multi- protein Binding complex which triggers MRNA degradation in response to MRNA
Unwinding of double stranded Si RNA by ATP independent Helicase
Active component of RISC is Ago proteins( ENDONUCLEASE) which cleave target MRNA.
DICER: endonuclease (RNase Family III)
Argonaute: Central Component of the RNA-Induced Silencing Complex (RISC)
One strand of the dsRNA produced by Dicer is retained in the RISC complex in association with Argonaute
ARGONAUTE PROTEIN :
1.PAZ(PIWI/Argonaute/ Zwille)- Recognition of target MRNA
2.PIWI (p-element induced wimpy Testis)- breaks Phosphodiester bond of mRNA.)RNAse H activity.
MiRNA:
The Double-stranded RNAs are naturally produced in eukaryotic cells during development, and they have a key role in regulating gene expression .
Nutraceutical market, scope and growth: Herbal drug technologyLokesh Patil
As consumer awareness of health and wellness rises, the nutraceutical market—which includes goods like functional meals, drinks, and dietary supplements that provide health advantages beyond basic nutrition—is growing significantly. As healthcare expenses rise, the population ages, and people want natural and preventative health solutions more and more, this industry is increasing quickly. Further driving market expansion are product formulation innovations and the use of cutting-edge technology for customized nutrition. With its worldwide reach, the nutraceutical industry is expected to keep growing and provide significant chances for research and investment in a number of categories, including vitamins, minerals, probiotics, and herbal supplements.
Earliest Galaxies in the JADES Origins Field: Luminosity Function and Cosmic ...Sérgio Sacani
We characterize the earliest galaxy population in the JADES Origins Field (JOF), the deepest
imaging field observed with JWST. We make use of the ancillary Hubble optical images (5 filters
spanning 0.4−0.9µm) and novel JWST images with 14 filters spanning 0.8−5µm, including 7 mediumband filters, and reaching total exposure times of up to 46 hours per filter. We combine all our data
at > 2.3µm to construct an ultradeep image, reaching as deep as ≈ 31.4 AB mag in the stack and
30.3-31.0 AB mag (5σ, r = 0.1” circular aperture) in individual filters. We measure photometric
redshifts and use robust selection criteria to identify a sample of eight galaxy candidates at redshifts
z = 11.5 − 15. These objects show compact half-light radii of R1/2 ∼ 50 − 200pc, stellar masses of
M⋆ ∼ 107−108M⊙, and star-formation rates of SFR ∼ 0.1−1 M⊙ yr−1
. Our search finds no candidates
at 15 < z < 20, placing upper limits at these redshifts. We develop a forward modeling approach to
infer the properties of the evolving luminosity function without binning in redshift or luminosity that
marginalizes over the photometric redshift uncertainty of our candidate galaxies and incorporates the
impact of non-detections. We find a z = 12 luminosity function in good agreement with prior results,
and that the luminosity function normalization and UV luminosity density decline by a factor of ∼ 2.5
from z = 12 to z = 14. We discuss the possible implications of our results in the context of theoretical
models for evolution of the dark matter halo mass function.
THE IMPORTANCE OF MARTIAN ATMOSPHERE SAMPLE RETURN.Sérgio Sacani
The return of a sample of near-surface atmosphere from Mars would facilitate answers to several first-order science questions surrounding the formation and evolution of the planet. One of the important aspects of terrestrial planet formation in general is the role that primary atmospheres played in influencing the chemistry and structure of the planets and their antecedents. Studies of the martian atmosphere can be used to investigate the role of a primary atmosphere in its history. Atmosphere samples would also inform our understanding of the near-surface chemistry of the planet, and ultimately the prospects for life. High-precision isotopic analyses of constituent gases are needed to address these questions, requiring that the analyses are made on returned samples rather than in situ.
2. Invention is the
"creation of a product or
introduction of a
process for the first
time." Thomas Edison
was an inventor.
3. Innovation happens when
someone “improves on or
makes a significant
contribution” to something
that has already been
invented. Steve Jobs was an
innovator.
4. Innovation and invention are different.
Whereas innovation may be defined as
“change that adds value”, invention may be
perhaps best defined as something “new, novel
and without precedent”.
Notwithstanding the above, most inventions
are in fact created by making improvements to
existing things. Indeed there are few totally new
inventions.
However, whereas novelty is an essential part
of an invention, novelty is not an essential part of
an innovation.
5. Take a look at Apple’s ubiquitous
iPhone, for example. Apple took a
stagnant product category - the mobile
phone - and completely rethought how
it could be used. They took an existing
product category and existing
technologies, but still somehow
reshaped modern society. Apple’s
innovations in design and user
interface sparked a tech revolution.
6. In the end, innovation does not need
to mean inventions like induced
pluripotent stem cells or anything else.
The emergence of new discoveries is
absolutely a good thing, but even
without inventions, a country or
company can still come out ahead. After
all, Japan didn’t invent the car or the TV,
but it certainly innovated on them and
built world-leading companies and
economies.
8. Hitchcock and Hughes (1989)
define research as a systematic
inquiry – an inquiry that is
characterized by certain
amount of rigor and governed
by sets of principles and
guidelines for procedures.
9. Best and Kahn (1998) described
research as the systematic and
objective analysis and recording of
controlled observations that may
lead to the development of
generalizations, principles, or
theories, resulting in the prediction
and possibly the ultimate control of
events.
10. Henson and Soriano (1999) simply
depict research as the systematic,
controlled and empirical inquiry
about a subject/topic through
problem-solving process using a
rigorous application of the
scientific method to the study of
a problem.
11. In a more comprehensive form, Calderon
and Gonzales (1993) define research as a
purposive, systematic and scientific
process of gathering, analyzing,
classifying, organizing, presenting, and
interpreting data for the solution of a
problem, for prediction, for invention, for
the discovery of truth, or for the
expansion or verification of existing
knowledge, all for the preservation and
improvement of the quality of human life.
13. Those who view research as an ivory
tower often fail to see that the primary
reason for research is concern for man.
This stimulates the researcher to seek
ways and means by which new or
additional knowledge can be best
utilized to improve man’s living
conditions whether in the area of
family life, schooling, religion or civic
participation.
14. Thus, it can be said that the main purpose of
research is to discover answers to meaningful
questions through the application of scientific
procedures.
Sources of Knowledge
Research as a source of knowledge does not
imply that research is the only source of
knowledge . The truth is that research is the
“youngest” among the possible sources of
knowledge; the others having been tried
before the scientific method in research has
been applied.
15. Ary et al. (1985) list these sources as:
• Experience
• Authority
• Deductive Reasoning
• Inductive Reasoning
• Scientific Method
a. Defining the problem
b. Stating the hypotheses
c. Deductive reasoning
d. Collection and analysis of data
e. Confirming or rejecting the hypotheses
16. Characteristics of Research
In order to further differentiate research
from any other source of knowledge, let us
look at the characteristics of the research
process which are listed by Tuckman (1972):
• Research is systematic.
• Research is logical.
• Research is controlled.
• Research is empirical.
• Research is critical.
18. Activity:
Name two of your characteristics as a
student and explain how each can facilitate
your work as a researcher.
Characteristics How facilitative
1.
2.
19. Activity 2: Characteristics of a Researcher
Complete the acrostics below:
I AM
R –
E –
S –
E –
A –
R –
C –
H –
E –
R –
20. Calmorin and Calmorin (1996) enumerated 10
characteristics or qualities of a good researcher.
R – Research-oriented
E – Efficient
S – Scientific
E – Effective
A – Active
R – Resourceful
C – Creative
H – Honest
E – Economical
R - Religious
22. 1. It is needed in the tapping of immense
natural resources and in harnessing them.
2. It is necessary in the enhancing production to
cope with the needs of the increasing
population.
3. It helps in determining the manpower needs
of the country and the ways to meet these
needs.
4. It enables the businessmen to forecast the
direction in which business will take or to
explore the possibilities of new industries.
23. 5. It enables the planners of education, industry or
government to make projections so that steps
can be taken to be ready for the future.
6. It maintains good health or in remedying illness.
7. It is an instrument of modernization, in order to
promote the progress of a country.
8.) It is urgently needed for energy production and
regulation of its use.
9.) It is needed in improving the quantity and
quality of major crops, in processing them and
transforming them to different forms of
marketable goods.