This document provides an introduction to the key concepts in life science. It outlines the learning competencies which include explaining the evolving concept of life based on evidence, describing classic experiments on the origin of life, and describing how unifying themes show connections among living things. The topics are divided into the historical development of the concept of life, the origin of the first forms of life, and unifying themes in the study of life. It also discusses the characteristics of life and various theories on how life first originated on Earth.

2. Introduction
to
Life Science
Ms. Donna Grace Herman
Panacan National High School
E&LPPT1

3. LearningCompetencies
Thelearnerswillbeable to:
•explaintheevolvingconceptof lifebased
onemergingpiecesof evidence(S11/12LT-
IIa-1)
•describeclassicexperimentsthatmodel
conditionswhichmayhaveenabledthefirst
formstoevolve(S11/12LT-IIa-2)

4. LearningCompetencies
Thelearnerswillbeable to:
•describehowunifyingthemes(e.g.,
structureandfunction,evolution,and
ecosystems)inthestudyof lifeshowthe
connectionsamonglivingthingsandhow
theyinteractwitheachotherandwiththeir
environment (S11/12LT-IIa-3)

5. TopicOutline
ThisChapterisdividedinto three:
1.HistoricalDevelopmentof theConceptof
Life
2.Originof theFirstFormsof Life
3.UnifyingthemesinStudyof Life

6. IntroductiontoBiology
byFrank Gregorio
https://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=7L7x0BAqWis

7. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BP5fc8FgVKY

8. Life
byFrank Gregorio
https://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=XvMgoelauLQ

9. It is usually easy to
recognize life, but it is
often much harder to
define it.

10. • Plants, animals, human beings, and
microscopic organisms
• Life Science vs. Biology
Life Sciences

11. All living organisms
are made up of cells.

12. Unicellular Organism
http://www.solpass.org/science6-8-
new/s7/standards7/standard_ls3.html?section=study-1

13. Tutorvista.com
multicellularOrganism

14. Tutorvista.com
7characteristicsoflife

15. Irritability able
torespondtoan
environment
stimulus.
7characteristicsoflife

16. Responds to
light by facing
the sun
https://fineartamerica.com/featured/bloomi
ng-sunflower-in-the-blue-sky-background-
tosporn-preede.html

17. Respondto
heat.

18. Locomotion
abilityof an
organismto
move.
7characteristicsoflife

19. Locomotion:
•Cilia
•Flagella
•Pseudopodia
•Muscles
Tutorvista.com
7characteristicsoflife

22. Locomotion:
•Protoplasm, the
living part of the cell
has an intercellular
movement called
Cyclosis.
Tutorvista.com
7characteristicsoflife

24. Metabolism
refers to the
sum total of
chemical
reactions
taking place in
an organism.
Tutorvista.com
7characteristicsoflife

25. Metabolism:
Anabolism is a
building up
process shown
by respiration.
Tutorvista.com
7characteristicsoflife

26. Growth is the
increase in size
and number.
Intussusception.
Tutorvista.com
7characteristicsoflife

27. Reproduction is
the ability of living
things to produce
new individuals
closely
resembling them.
Tutorvista.com
7characteristicsoflife

31. Cellular
Organization
refers to parts
and functions of
the cells in an
organism.
Tutorvista.com
7characteristicsoflife

32. Adjustment,
Integration, and
Coordination
refers to the
ability of living
organisms to live
in harmony with
other organism.
Tutorvista.com
7characteristicsoflife

33. Wheredidthefirstlifecome
from?

34. Theories on the Origin of Life

35. Supreme Being
SpecialCreation Theory

37. Spontaneous
Generation
Theory
A theory where
living
organisms
arise from non-
living things

38. Francesco
Redi
1668
• nbn

39. • Italian scientist
• designed a scientific experiment to test the
spontaneous creation of maggots by placing
fresh meat in each of three different jars.

40. He successfully demonstrated that the maggots
came from fly eggs and thereby helped to
disprove spontaneous generation. Or so he
thought.

41. John Needham
1745

42. VS.
VS.

43. Lazzaro Spallanzani

44. placing broth in each of two separate
bottles, boiling the broth in both bottles,
then sealing one bottle and leaving the
other open.

45. Louis Pasteur

46. • notable French
scientist
• accepted the
challenge to re-
create the
experiment and
leave the system
open to air.

47. • He subsequently designed several bottles
with S-curved necks that were oriented
downward so gravity would prevent
access by airborne foreign materials

49. He reasoned that the
contamination came
from life-forms in the
air. Pasteur finally
convinced the
learned world that
even if exposed to
air, life did not arise
from nonlife

50. Biogenetic Theory
Life begets life

52. Abiogenetic Synthesis
Theory
Progressive development from
non living things

53. Other Theories on the
Origin of Life

54. Ice protected
the
compounds
allowing them
to interact,
creating life
Beneaththe Ice

55. Produce
simple
sugars and
amino acids
from simple
elements
LIGHTNING!

56. Life came
from outer
space
Panspermia

57. Ribonucleic acid (RNA)
RNA World

58. Continuous reaction of molecules
producing more molecules then creating life
SimpleMetabolismand Reactions

59. Alexander
Graham Cairns
Smith
suggested that
mineral
crystals could
have arranged
organic
molecules
Claybreeding Ground

60. Nutrient-rich
environment
filled with
reactive gases
and catalysts,
creates a
habitat
teeming with
life.
http://www.mbari.org/mbari-
discovers-new-deep-sea-
hydrothermal-vents-using-sonar-
mapping-robot/
SubmarineHydrothermal Vents

61. The Evolution of Life
http://youtube.com/watch?
v=3rHXrA80NH4

62. Unifying Themes in the
Study of Life

63. 1. Which is greater, the
whole or the sum of its
parts?

64. Biological Systems
“The whole is greater than the sum of
its parts”

65. 2. What are you made
of?

66. Cellular Basis of Life
• All organisms are madeup of cell.
• Specialized cell. Ex. Muscle cell,
nerve cell
• Levelof organization:
– Cell, tissue,organ,organsystem,organism

67. 3. How does your body
works?

68. Form and Function
• As you explore the structure of life, you’ll
discover the harmony of form and function
everywhere.
• Formfits function.

69. 3. Why do you look like
that?

70. Reproduction and
Inheritance
• Likebegets like
• DNAordeoxyribonucleic acid

71. 4. Is everything connected
to everything else?

72. Interaction with the
Environment
• No organism is completely
isolated from its
surroundings
• Living requires a daily
balance of such “inputs”
and “outputs”.

73. 5. What happens to the
chemical energy stored in
the food the consumers
eat?

74. Energy and Life
Itisconvertedtootherformsof energy
Moving, thinking, breathing, seeing, and
everything else you do require your cells to
convert someof thechemicalenergy of food
intootherformsof enerty
.

75. 6. What is homeostasis?

76. Regulation
Ability of an organism to regulate heir
internal conditions is an example of
homeostasis

77. 8. How do organisms
survive with its changing
environment?

78. Adaptation
Changeinthespeciesovergenerationsin
ordertobettersurviveintheenvironment

79. Adaptation
Changeinthespeciesovergenerationsin
ordertobettersurviveintheenvironment

80. 9. Who will most likely
survive, a fat lion or a
thin lion?

81. Evolution
Naturalselectionisthemechanismbywhich
evolution occurs.

83. 10. How do modern
biology change human’s
everyday lives?

84. • Medicine
• Agriculture
• Environment
• Humans
Biology and Society

85. Any questions?