The document introduces Japanese verbs and how to use them in sentences. It provides examples of common verbs like "to go", "to do", "to watch", and explains the verb conjugation rule of adding "-masu" to indicate politeness. It also discusses how to indicate the subject/doer with "wa", direct objects with "o", and time with "ni" to form complete sentences like "Watashi wa asagohan o hachiji ni tabemasu" meaning "I eat breakfast at 8 o'clock." Word order flexibility in Japanese is also covered.

1. VERBS (DOING WORDS)

2. ACTION WORDS (VERBS)
•いきます to go
•します to do
•みます to watch / see/ look
•かいます to buy
•よみます to read
•ききます to listen

3. ACTION WORDS (VERBS)
•いきます go
•します do
•みます watch / see/ look
•かいます buy
•よみます read
•ききます listen

4. Action Words (Verbs) Rule No1
• to read, to buy, to watch, to do, to go, to listen….
～ます

6. ICKY(GO TO HOSPITAL!)
いき ます GO

8. SHE MUST DO!
し ます DO

10. ME MUST WATCH!
み ます WATCH

12. LISTEN! OR I WILL KICK YOU!
きき ます LISTEN

14. BUY STUFF AT KMART!!
かい ます BUY

15. Some more verbs
• たべます – to eat
• のみます – to drink
• あいます – to meet
• とります – to take
• ねます – to sleep
• おきます – to wake up
• かきます – to write
• よみます – to read
• Can you come up with a mnemonic for each of the
above verbs to help you remember them?

16. ACTION WORDS (VERBS) RULE NO.2
Action Words (Verbs) must come
at the end of the sentence.
Also, remember to mark the doer (the
person who does the action) with は
は (‘wa’, not ‘ha’)is called topic marker

17. HOW WOULD YOU SAY…..
•I eat.

18. HOW WOULD YOU SAY…..
•I eat.
わたしは たべます。

19. HOW WOULD YOU SAY…..
•I eat.
わたしは たべます。
I eat

20. HOW WOULD YOU SAY….
•I drink.

21. HOW WOULD YOU SAY….
•I drink.
•わたしは のみます。

22. HOW WOULD YOU SAY….
•I drink.
わたしは のみます。
I drink

23. HOW WOULD YOU SAY….
•I go.

24. HOW WOULD YOU SAY….
•I go.
わたしは いきます。

25. HOW WOULD YOU SAY….
•I go.
わたしは いきます。
I go

26. THEN HOW WOULD YOU ADD:
what you eat (e.g. breakfast)
what you drink(e.g. milk)
what you watch(e.g. movie)
N.B. These are called ‘Objects’

27. ADDING ‘OBJECTS’ TO A SENTENCE
Let’s check if you understand what the objects are.
Which words are objects in the following sentences?
I eat cakes.
I watch TV.
I drink cola.

28. OBJECTS MARKER を
Let’s check if you understand what are the objects.
Which words are objects in the following sentences:
I eat cakes.
I watch TV.
I drink cola.

29. DIRECT OBJECT MARKER を
To add Objects (what you eat, what you drink etc.) to a
sentence, you need to mark the direct object with を
(object marker)
NOTE: To find out what a direct object of a sentence is, you
simply ask the question ‘What?’
E.g. I eat sushi.
Ask: I eat what?
Answer: Sushi.
Therefore the direct object is sushi and must be followed by
を.
わたしは すしを たべます。

30. OBJECTS MARKER を
I eat sushi.
わたしは すしを たべます。
I sushi eat

31. HOW WOULD YOU SAY….
I watch a movie.

32. わたしは えいがを みます
。
I movie watch

33. HOW WOULD YOU SAY…
I drink cola.

34. ぼくは koora を のみます。
I cola drink
I drink cola.

35. ADDING THE TIME OF THE ACTION:
Mark the time with ‘ Time marker に (at)’
at 8 o’clock 八じに
at 1 o’clock 一じに

36. ぼくは 八じに あさごはんを たべます。
I at 8:00 breakfast eat

37. SAYING WHAT TIME YOU GET UP AND
SLEEP
• The verbs for get up is おきます and to sleep is ねま
す.
• Do you think these verbs have a direct object? Do
we use the particle を with these verbs?
• To say you get up/sleep at a certain time you say:
TIME に おきます / ねます .
E.g. ( わたしは ) 六じはんに おきます。
I 6:30 at wake up.
= I wake up at 6:30.

38. In Japanese, word order is flexible!
(unlike English)
So you can insert ‘time of the action
wherever you like as long as action
words (verbs) come at the end of the
sentence.

39. SO, YOU CAN SAY EITHER:
• I eat breakfast at 8 o’clock.
ぼくは 八時に あさごはんを たべます。
I at 8 o’clock breakfast eat
OR
八時に ぼくは あさごはんを たべます。
at 8 o’clock I breakfast eat

40. SUMMARY
• Verbs end with ‘ ます ’
• Verbs come at the end
• Doer is marked with ‘ は ’
• Objects needs to be marked with‘ を ’
• Time needs to be marked with‘ に ’
• Japanese word order is flexible
• Person は +Time に +Object を +Verb( ま
す)。