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Introduction to Lifelong Learning
- 1. An Introduction to Lifelong Learning Cradle to Grave The Concept FINISH Lifelong learning is not new although recently there has been a renewed interest In this concept. This interactive presentation is intended to provide you with a brief introduction to the concept. We trust that you will find it a valuable learning resource. DevelopingLi felong Learners Lifelong Learning Classroom
- 2. What is Lifelong Learning? There are many definitions of lifelong learning with early proponents, according to Clemans (2014:148), arguing that “lifelong education” should become both “life-wide”, encompassing all possible learning contexts and knowledge categories, and “lifelong”, occurring throughout an individual’s lifetime. Longworth and Davies (1996) define lifelong learning as:”… the development of human potentials through a continuous supportive process which stimulates and empowers individuals to acquire all the knowledge, values, skills and understanding they will require throughout their lifetimes and to apply with confidence, creativity and enjoyment in all roles, circumstances and environment” (Mwaikokesya, Osborne & Houston, 2014:3). Life-wide and Lifelong… Lifelong learning defined… Source: Pxhere.com
- 3. Lifelong Learning across all Life Stages Lifelong learning is not limited to adulthood. Indeed, as is evident from the definitions provided by the European Commission (2006) and by Longworth and Davies (1996), learning occurs throughout all life stages, from “cradle to grave”. In this regard, Rojvithee (in Dindar & Bayrakci, 2015:12), describes learning according to the following age groups: • 0-5 years: characterised by high degree of informal learning. • 6-24 years: characterised by high degree of formal learning provided by educational institutions. • 25-60 years: characterised again by a high degree of informal learning with adults generally learning from own experiences. • 60+ years: characterised once again by a high degree of informal learning associated with social interactions. All life stages… Source: Pixabay.com
- 4. Traditional Learning vs Lifelong Learning Traditional learning Lifelong Learning Teachers are regarded as the source of knowledge Educators are regarded as guides to creating knowledge Learners receive their knowledge from the teacher Learners learn by doing Learners work by themselves Learners learn from one another, often in groups Tests are delayed until students have completely mastered a set of skills and are used to ration access to further learning Assessment is used to guide learning strategies and identify pathways for future learning All learners are presented with the same tasks Educators can develop their own individualised learning plans Teachers receive initial training plus later ad hoc in-service training Educators are themselves lifelong learners. Initial training and ongoing professional development are linked “Good” learners are identified and permitted to continue their education All learners have access to ongoing learning opportunities Table: Comparison between traditional learning and lifelong learning Source: Adapted from World Bank (2003:29) The learning processes associated with the so-called “traditional” classrooms differ from those utilised in lifelong learning classrooms. These differences are highlighted in the table below.
- 5. Developing Lifelong Learners •The inclusion of a comparative or contextual framework •The inclusion of generic skills •The inclusion of course flexibility •The incremental development of self- directed learning In developing lifelong learners’ basic characteristics associated with courses, according to Volbrecht and Walters (2000:[5]), have been found to enhance lifelong learning, including: In addition to particular course features there are, according to Volbrecht and Walters (2000:[5]), also particular teaching methods that can be employed in promoting lifelong learning: •The use of self-directed learning •The inclusion of “real-world” learning •The use of resource- and problem-based learning •The use of reflective thinking •The use of alternative delivery mechanisms Course characteristics… Teaching methods… Source: Publicdomainvectors.orgSource: Goodfreephotos.com Lifelong Learning
- 6. There are five True or False questions! You have ONLY five seconds to answer each question! Answer the question correctly and you move on to the next question! Answer the question incorrectly and you have the opportunity to answer the question again! Your prize is your very own trophy! GOOD LUCK! Instructions…
- 7. Question 1 Countdown Timer Question 1: Lifelong learning entails the development of human potentials throughout an individual’s lifetime 12345 True False
- 8. Question 2 Countdown Timer Question 2: Lifelong learning is limited to particular life stages Question 1: Lifelong learning entails the development of human potentials throughout an individual’s lifetime 12345 True False True False
- 9. Question 3 Countdown Timer Question 2: Lifelong learning is limited to particular life stages Question 1: Lifelong learning entails the development of human potentials throughout an individual’s lifetime 12345 Question 3: Lifelong learning educators are guides to creating knowledge True False True False True False
- 10. Question 4 Countdown Timer Question 2: Lifelong learning is limited to particular life stages Question 1: Lifelong learning entails the development of human potentials throughout an individual’s lifetime 12345 Question 3: Lifelong learning educators are guides to creating knowledge Question 4: Flexibility in the course structure promotes lifelong learning True False True False True False True False
- 11. Question 5 Countdown Timer Question 2: Lifelong learning is limited to particular life stages Question 1: Lifelong learning entails the development of human potentials throughout an individual’s lifetime 12345 Question 5: The use of reflective thinking promotes lifelong learning Question 3: Lifelong learning educators are guides to creating knowledge Question 4: Flexibility in the course structure promotes lifelong learning True False True False True False True False True False
- 12. The answer to Question 1 is incorrect! Try again!
- 13. The answer to Question 2 is incorrect! Try again!
- 14. The answer to Question 3 is incorrect! Try again!
- 15. The answer to Question 4 is incorrect! Try again!
- 16. The answer to Question 5 is incorrect! Try again!
- 17. The answer to Question 1 is correct! You are one step closer to your PRIZE! Next Question!
- 18. The answer to Question 2 is correct! You are another step closer to your PRIZE! Next Question!
- 19. The answer to Question 3 is correct! You are another step closer to your PRIZE! Next Question!
- 20. The answer to Question 4 is correct! You are another step closer to your PRIZE! Next Question!
- 21. The answer to Question 5 is correct! You have earned your PRIZE! Source: Pixabay.com
- 22. FINISH!
- 23. List of References • Clemens, A. 2014. Lifelong learning in practice. In: Yang, J., Schneller, C. & Roche, S. (eds.). The Role of Higher Education in Promoting Lifelong Learning. Hamburg: UNESCO Institute for Lifelong Learning. • Clifford, B. & Rashid, Z. 2009. Alumni as lifelong learners: toward a business model for lifelong learners in higher education. Unpublished masters thesis. Lund: Lund University. • Dindar, H. & Bayrakci, M. 2015. Factors effecting students’ lifelong learning in higher education. International Journal on Lifelong Education and Leadership, 1(1):11-20. • Mwaikokesya, M.J.D., Osborne, M. & Houston, M. 2014. Mapping lifelong learning attributes in the context of higher education institutions. Journal of Adult and Continuing Education, 20(2):21-36. • Volbrecht, T & Walters, S. 2000. Re-imagining a picture: higher education in lifelong learning. In: Hinzen, H. (ed.). Journal of Adult Education and Development, 55. • World Bank. 2003. World Bank Report 26001: Lifelong learning in the global knowledge economy: challenges for developing countries.