history ppt for 5th sem (islamic architecture )

1. 
INTRODUCTION TO
ISLAMIC ARCHITECTURE
PRESENTED TO
AR. KAJAL GARG
PRESENTED BY
RUSHALI SRIVASTAVA
VIKAS KASHYAP
AKANSHA KAUSHIK

2. 
 Islamic architecture can be defined as a building
tradition of muslim population of the middle east
and any countries where Islam has been dominant
from 7th century on.
 In Islamic architecture invention concentrate in three
major construction
 The mosque
 Tomb
 palaces
ISLAMIC ARCHITECTURE

3. 
WORLD MAP
SHOWING ISLAMIC COUNTRY

4. 
 Muslims originally were from the nomadic “Sahara” desert
tribes. They were called as “Saracenic” by the Greeks and
Romans.
 These Desert tribe people came under one common faith-
Muslim, Islamic Style or Mohamedan style.
 The religion spread all over the countries which adopted
Muslim Religion in :-
Arabia,Egypt,Persia,Syria,Palestine,Spain,Pakistan and
Northern India.
 The building materials used for construction domes were bricks
and were externally with plaster in Persia, stone in Egypt and
India, Redstone in India.
 Due to the hot climatic condition the buildings had small
windows are filled with intricate geometric designs
Development of Islamic
Architecture(7th Century)

5. 
 Earliest mosque for Friday prayer were square
encloses surrounded by reeds
 Elaborate surface decoration provided in all mosque
by beautiful geometric design called Arbesque and
text from Quran.
RELIGIOUS CONDITION OF
MOSQUE

6. 
 Womens quarter (harem) are separated from portion
accesible to male vistior.
 The harem mostly provided on upper floor.
 Window towards the road side provided with
wooden lattice for privacy to enable the occupants to
see but not to be seen.
SOCIAL CONDITION OF
MOSQUE

7. 
 MOSQUE : ISLAMIC PLACE OF WORSHIP
BUILDING TERMNOLOGY
 JAMI: A place for offering
Friday prayer.
 MADARSAH: Public school
 CASBAH/
CITADIL: A
fortress
HAMAM: A structural
design for hot bathhouse

8. 
 CARVANSERAI: A roadside inn for travellars.
 MAUSOLEUM: A tomb or monument
 RAUZA: A large mausoleum which also includes a
mosque as a separate building.
 DARGAH: Important tomb of novels.
BUILDING
TERMNOLOGY

9. 
ELEMENTS OF Islamic architecture may be identified with
the following design elements, which were inherited from
the first mosque built by hall (originally a feature of the
Masjid al- Nabawi):
 Minarets or towers
 Iwan
 Mihrab
 Arches
 Courtyards(sahn)
 Prayer area hall
 Domes and cupolas
MOSQUE ARCHITECTURAL
ELEMENT

10. 
 MINARETS : A large tall tower in or continous to a
mosque arch stair leading up to one or more
balconies.
 Also from which the faithful are called to prayer.
MOSQUE ARCHITECTURAL
ELEMENT

11. 
 IWAN: In india it is on eastern side of mosque and is decorated
beautifully with mosaic, calligraphy on (entrance gate) motifs
etc.
 MIHRAB: semicircular niche
in the wall of a
mosque that indicate
the qibla.
the drawing along side
give us idea about the plan
elevation and section of a
typical mihrab in islamic
architecture.
MOSQUE ARCHITECTURAL
ELEMENT
 iwan
mihrab

12. 
 ARCHES : Arches are the structure that spans a
space while supporting weight.
 The most important form of opening was the pointed
arch which were principally two and four centered.
MOSQUE ARCHITECTURAL
ELEMENT
Diagram showing an example of
a two-centred arch.
Diagram showing a four-
centered arch

13. 
Courtyards(sahn):Is a fundamental feature and
can be seen as different variations.
 According to their function the courtyards were
cloistered and arcaded and the sides were punctuated
with gateways, prayer chambers or arched porches
(iwans).
MOSQUE ARCHITECTURAL
ELEMENT

14. 
Prayer area halls: main
area to perform
congregational pray.
 Domes And Cupolas:
Domes were widely used
throughout the Islamic world ;
Persia, Mughals and Egypt
domes tended to be pointed
in contrast to the
hemispherical Turkish
version.
MOSQUE ARCHITECTURAL
ELEMENT

15. 
 WATER: placed at the centre of the central courtyard
which is used before entring the holy main building
mosque.
MOSQUE ARCHITECTURAL
ELEMENT

17. 
THANK YOU
