Environmental problems can vary from the direct effects of the pollution of waterways and the air, through to indirect effects such as health problems caused by changes.
Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA)
Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is a systematic and integrative process for considering possible impacts prior to a decision being taken on whether or not a proposal should be given approval to proceed. (Wood 2003)
Background, sustainable development, principles of Rio Declaration, Espoo Convention, understanding difference in policy, plan, program & project, key elements of SEA, benefits of SEA.
EIA is a process of evaluating the likely environmental impacts of a proposed project or development, taking into account inter-related socio-economic, cultural and human-health impacts, both beneficial and adverse.
EIA 1994 and the further amendments are explained i.e. 2006 and 2020.
This chapter describes some of the simplest techniques and methods for EIA, and gives information to
help choose the most appropriate method for a given situation.
This is a ppt of Environmental Impact Assessment. This is help you to doing ppt on airport. You learn many thigs about airport. You learn about environment condition after and before condition, transportation system etc. You know about economy and finance.
Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA)
Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is a systematic and integrative process for considering possible impacts prior to a decision being taken on whether or not a proposal should be given approval to proceed. (Wood 2003)
Background, sustainable development, principles of Rio Declaration, Espoo Convention, understanding difference in policy, plan, program & project, key elements of SEA, benefits of SEA.
EIA is a process of evaluating the likely environmental impacts of a proposed project or development, taking into account inter-related socio-economic, cultural and human-health impacts, both beneficial and adverse.
EIA 1994 and the further amendments are explained i.e. 2006 and 2020.
This chapter describes some of the simplest techniques and methods for EIA, and gives information to
help choose the most appropriate method for a given situation.
This is a ppt of Environmental Impact Assessment. This is help you to doing ppt on airport. You learn many thigs about airport. You learn about environment condition after and before condition, transportation system etc. You know about economy and finance.
Economic, social and environmental change is inherent to development. Whilst development aims to bring about positive change it can lead to conflicts.
In the past, the promotion of economic growth as the motor for increased well-being was the main development thrust with little sensitivity to adverse social or environmental impacts.
The need to avoid adverse impacts and to ensure long term benefits led to the concept of sustainability.
Environmental impact assessment (EIA) can be defined as the systematic identification and evaluation of the potential impacts (effects) of proposed projects, plans, programs, or legislative actions relative to the physical, chemical, biological, cultural, and socioeconomic components of the total environment.
To disclose significant environmental effects of proposed projects to decision-makers and the public.
ii) To identify ways to avoid or reduce environmental damage.
iii) To prevent adverse environmental impacts by requiring implementation of feasible alternatives or mitigation measuresEnvironmental clearance or the ‘go ahead’ signal is granted by the Impact Assessment Agency in the Ministry of Environment and Forests, Government of India.
All projects that require clearance from central government can be broadly categorized into the following:-
(1) Industries ..\Unit 1 notes\Environmental Clearance.docx
(2) Mining
(3) Thermal power plants
(4) River valley projects
(5) Infrastructure and CRZ (Coastal Regulation Zone)
(6) Nuclear power projects
Baseline information is important reference point for conducting EIA.
The term "baseline" refers to the collection of background information on the biophysical, social and economic settings proposed project area.
Baseline data are collected for two main purposes:
to provide a description of the status and trends of environmental factors (e.g., air pollutant concentrations) against which predicted changes can be compared and evaluated in terms of importance, and
to provide a means of detecting actual change by monitoring once a project has been initiated
important to establish mechanisms by identifying projects which requires EIA, and this process of selection of project is referred to as "Screening“
Scoping is to determine what should be the coverage or scope of the EIA study for a project proposal as having potentially significant environmental impactsEnvironmental impact assessment (EIA) can be defined as the systematic identification and evaluation of the potential impacts (effects) of proposed projects, plans, programs, or legislative actions relative to the physical, chemical, biological, cultural, and socioeconomic components of the total environment.
Environmental impact assessment (EIA) can be defined as the systematic identification and evaluation of the potential impacts (effects) of proposed projects, plans, programs, or legislative actions relative to the physical, chemical, biological, cultural, and socioeconomic components of the total environment EIA
What is an Environmental Clearance Certificate and How to Obtain It.pdfPranshuSharma18498
Environmental preservation is a critical global concern in the 21st century. With increasing industrialization, infrastructure development, and urbanization, the impact on the environment cannot be overstated
Environment Impact Assessment: Significance, Process And Problemsinventionjournals
India is the seventh largest country in the world by geographical area. The huge population burden also brings with it a whole spectrum of social issues that have environmental implications. Any developmental endeavour requires not only the analysis of the need of such a project, the monetary costs and benefits involved but most important, it requires a consideration and detailed assessment of the effect of a proposed development on the environment. Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) Studies are inevitably undertaken to evaluate potential negative impacts as well as to formulate Environmental Management Plans to overcome the identified impacts. This research review paper focus on Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) significance, process and impact assessment problems. The environment impact assessment significance reveals that, EIA should be made with the purpose for determining the current status of the environment and identifying impact of critical activities on environmental parameters.The results also reveal that EIA process concentrate on problems, conflicts and natural resource constraints which might affect the viability of a developmental activities. It also predicts how the project could harm to people, their homeland and their livelihoods. The results also state that, improper screening and unable to address the right issues are major drawback of the impact assessment process, where everyone has to consider it for decision making process. Hence, The EIA is a proven management tool used extensively by governments and NGO’s for project planning and approval. The Government bodies should look into the EIA significance and provide guidelines and checklist for understating an EIA for all the activities which deteriorate the environmental quality in general, to be more specific the projects and location of mining, landfills etc.
1) EIA – Definition, History and Objective.
2) Reasons for using EIA
3) Key elements of EIA
4) Benefits of an EIA
5) Major Environmental Issues
6) PROCEDURE FOR EIA
7) IMPACT OF A PROPOSED PAPER INDUSTRY
8) Impact Mitigation
9) Key components of Monitoring
10) Public Involvement in the EIA Steps
11) Hierarchy in EIA
12)Impact indicators
A project done for sustainability lecture in Dublin Institute of technology for the course of Construction Management giving an introduction to Environmental Impact assessment.
Final project report on grocery store management system..pdfKamal Acharya
In today’s fast-changing business environment, it’s extremely important to be able to respond to client needs in the most effective and timely manner. If your customers wish to see your business online and have instant access to your products or services.
Online Grocery Store is an e-commerce website, which retails various grocery products. This project allows viewing various products available enables registered users to purchase desired products instantly using Paytm, UPI payment processor (Instant Pay) and also can place order by using Cash on Delivery (Pay Later) option. This project provides an easy access to Administrators and Managers to view orders placed using Pay Later and Instant Pay options.
In order to develop an e-commerce website, a number of Technologies must be studied and understood. These include multi-tiered architecture, server and client-side scripting techniques, implementation technologies, programming language (such as PHP, HTML, CSS, JavaScript) and MySQL relational databases. This is a project with the objective to develop a basic website where a consumer is provided with a shopping cart website and also to know about the technologies used to develop such a website.
This document will discuss each of the underlying technologies to create and implement an e- commerce website.
Vaccine management system project report documentation..pdfKamal Acharya
The Division of Vaccine and Immunization is facing increasing difficulty monitoring vaccines and other commodities distribution once they have been distributed from the national stores. With the introduction of new vaccines, more challenges have been anticipated with this additions posing serious threat to the already over strained vaccine supply chain system in Kenya.
Immunizing Image Classifiers Against Localized Adversary Attacksgerogepatton
This paper addresses the vulnerability of deep learning models, particularly convolutional neural networks
(CNN)s, to adversarial attacks and presents a proactive training technique designed to counter them. We
introduce a novel volumization algorithm, which transforms 2D images into 3D volumetric representations.
When combined with 3D convolution and deep curriculum learning optimization (CLO), itsignificantly improves
the immunity of models against localized universal attacks by up to 40%. We evaluate our proposed approach
using contemporary CNN architectures and the modified Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR-10
and CIFAR-100) and ImageNet Large Scale Visual Recognition Challenge (ILSVRC12) datasets, showcasing
accuracy improvements over previous techniques. The results indicate that the combination of the volumetric
input and curriculum learning holds significant promise for mitigating adversarial attacks without necessitating
adversary training.
TECHNICAL TRAINING MANUAL GENERAL FAMILIARIZATION COURSEDuvanRamosGarzon1
AIRCRAFT GENERAL
The Single Aisle is the most advanced family aircraft in service today, with fly-by-wire flight controls.
The A318, A319, A320 and A321 are twin-engine subsonic medium range aircraft.
The family offers a choice of engines
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Quality defects in TMT Bars, Possible causes and Potential Solutions.PrashantGoswami42
Maintaining high-quality standards in the production of TMT bars is crucial for ensuring structural integrity in construction. Addressing common defects through careful monitoring, standardized processes, and advanced technology can significantly improve the quality of TMT bars. Continuous training and adherence to quality control measures will also play a pivotal role in minimizing these defects.
Explore the innovative world of trenchless pipe repair with our comprehensive guide, "The Benefits and Techniques of Trenchless Pipe Repair." This document delves into the modern methods of repairing underground pipes without the need for extensive excavation, highlighting the numerous advantages and the latest techniques used in the industry.
Learn about the cost savings, reduced environmental impact, and minimal disruption associated with trenchless technology. Discover detailed explanations of popular techniques such as pipe bursting, cured-in-place pipe (CIPP) lining, and directional drilling. Understand how these methods can be applied to various types of infrastructure, from residential plumbing to large-scale municipal systems.
Ideal for homeowners, contractors, engineers, and anyone interested in modern plumbing solutions, this guide provides valuable insights into why trenchless pipe repair is becoming the preferred choice for pipe rehabilitation. Stay informed about the latest advancements and best practices in the field.
Hybrid optimization of pumped hydro system and solar- Engr. Abdul-Azeez.pdffxintegritypublishin
Advancements in technology unveil a myriad of electrical and electronic breakthroughs geared towards efficiently harnessing limited resources to meet human energy demands. The optimization of hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems plays a pivotal role in utilizing natural resources effectively. This initiative not only benefits humanity but also fosters environmental sustainability. The study investigated the design optimization of these hybrid systems, focusing on understanding solar radiation patterns, identifying geographical influences on solar radiation, formulating a mathematical model for system optimization, and determining the optimal configuration of PV panels and pumped hydro storage. Through a comparative analysis approach and eight weeks of data collection, the study addressed key research questions related to solar radiation patterns and optimal system design. The findings highlighted regions with heightened solar radiation levels, showcasing substantial potential for power generation and emphasizing the system's efficiency. Optimizing system design significantly boosted power generation, promoted renewable energy utilization, and enhanced energy storage capacity. The study underscored the benefits of optimizing hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems for sustainable energy usage. Optimizing the design of solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems as examined across diverse climatic conditions in a developing country, not only enhances power generation but also improves the integration of renewable energy sources and boosts energy storage capacities, particularly beneficial for less economically prosperous regions. Additionally, the study provides valuable insights for advancing energy research in economically viable areas. Recommendations included conducting site-specific assessments, utilizing advanced modeling tools, implementing regular maintenance protocols, and enhancing communication among system components.
Cosmetic shop management system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
Buying new cosmetic products is difficult. It can even be scary for those who have sensitive skin and are prone to skin trouble. The information needed to alleviate this problem is on the back of each product, but it's thought to interpret those ingredient lists unless you have a background in chemistry.
Instead of buying and hoping for the best, we can use data science to help us predict which products may be good fits for us. It includes various function programs to do the above mentioned tasks.
Data file handling has been effectively used in the program.
The automated cosmetic shop management system should deal with the automation of general workflow and administration process of the shop. The main processes of the system focus on customer's request where the system is able to search the most appropriate products and deliver it to the customers. It should help the employees to quickly identify the list of cosmetic product that have reached the minimum quantity and also keep a track of expired date for each cosmetic product. It should help the employees to find the rack number in which the product is placed.It is also Faster and more efficient way.
CFD Simulation of By-pass Flow in a HRSG module by R&R Consult.pptxR&R Consult
CFD analysis is incredibly effective at solving mysteries and improving the performance of complex systems!
Here's a great example: At a large natural gas-fired power plant, where they use waste heat to generate steam and energy, they were puzzled that their boiler wasn't producing as much steam as expected.
R&R and Tetra Engineering Group Inc. were asked to solve the issue with reduced steam production.
An inspection had shown that a significant amount of hot flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes, where the heat was supposed to be transferred.
R&R Consult conducted a CFD analysis, which revealed that 6.3% of the flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes without transferring heat. The analysis also showed that the flue gas was instead being directed along the sides of the boiler and between the modules that were supposed to capture the heat. This was the cause of the reduced performance.
Based on our results, Tetra Engineering installed covering plates to reduce the bypass flow. This improved the boiler's performance and increased electricity production.
It is always satisfying when we can help solve complex challenges like this. Do your systems also need a check-up or optimization? Give us a call!
Work done in cooperation with James Malloy and David Moelling from Tetra Engineering.
More examples of our work https://www.r-r-consult.dk/en/cases-en/
Welcome to WIPAC Monthly the magazine brought to you by the LinkedIn Group Water Industry Process Automation & Control.
In this month's edition, along with this month's industry news to celebrate the 13 years since the group was created we have articles including
A case study of the used of Advanced Process Control at the Wastewater Treatment works at Lleida in Spain
A look back on an article on smart wastewater networks in order to see how the industry has measured up in the interim around the adoption of Digital Transformation in the Water Industry.
Democratizing Fuzzing at Scale by Abhishek Aryaabh.arya
Presented at NUS: Fuzzing and Software Security Summer School 2024
This keynote talks about the democratization of fuzzing at scale, highlighting the collaboration between open source communities, academia, and industry to advance the field of fuzzing. It delves into the history of fuzzing, the development of scalable fuzzing platforms, and the empowerment of community-driven research. The talk will further discuss recent advancements leveraging AI/ML and offer insights into the future evolution of the fuzzing landscape.
Overview of the fundamental roles in Hydropower generation and the components involved in wider Electrical Engineering.
This paper presents the design and construction of hydroelectric dams from the hydrologist’s survey of the valley before construction, all aspects and involved disciplines, fluid dynamics, structural engineering, generation and mains frequency regulation to the very transmission of power through the network in the United Kingdom.
Author: Robbie Edward Sayers
Collaborators and co editors: Charlie Sims and Connor Healey.
(C) 2024 Robbie E. Sayers
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2. Course Learning Objectives
At the end of this course students should be able to:
Become familiar with the concept and principles of EIA
Define and state the purpose of EIA
Specify the benefit of EIA
Understand the need for environmental assessment
Know mitigation measure for environmental impacts
Prepare an impact assessment of a given project proposal
4/4/2022 2
3. Introduction
Water Resources Projects are modern temples of the country and the sign
posts of development.
Even in the ancient days the prosperity of any kingdom was measured in
terms of its wealth of water resources structures.
By providing assured water supply for irrigation, municipal and industrial
requirements, production of hydroelectric power and many more purposes,
the water resources projects contributed significantly towards the
improvement in the standard of living and quality of life for millions of the
country.
4/4/2022 3
4. Cont….
Water resources projects bring in an immense benefits with an adverse
impacts on environment.
Environmental problems can vary from the direct effects of the
pollution of waterways and the air, through to indirect effects such as
health problems caused by changes.
4/4/2022 4
5. Cont….
Some environmental problems may appear to be insignificant when
considered within an individual proposal but might have adverse
consequences if the effects of all such proposals are added together
(cumulative effects).
Many of these impacts are manageable if proper measures are taken at
the planning and implementing stage.
4/4/2022 5
6. Introduction
In order to manage such large scale environmental problems and to
provide an opportunity to mitigate against negative impacts and
enhance positive impacts, the environmental impact assessment
(EIA) procedure was developed.
4/4/2022 6
7. Introduction
Definitions: EIA may be defined as:
A formal process to predict the environmental consequences of
human development activities and to plan appropriate measures to
eliminate or reduce adverse effects and to augment positive
effects. (FAO definition)
A process used to identify and predict the impact on the
environment and on man's health and wellbeing of legislative
proposals, policies, programs, projects and operational procedures,
and to interpret and communicate information about the impacts.
(Munn,1979)
4/4/2022 7
8. Cont…
• A technique and a process by which information about the
environmental effects of a project is collected, both by the developer
and from other sources, and taken into account by the planning
authority in forming their judgments on whether the development
should go ahead. (UK DoE,1989)
• Based on the above definitions, one can observe that EIA has three
basic functions:
• To predict problems,
• To find ways to avoid them, and
• To enhance positive effects.
4/4/2022 8
9. Cont….
Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA): is a tool used to identify
the environmental, social, and economic impacts of a project prior to
decision making.
It aims to:-
‣ Predict environmental impacts at an early stage in project planning and
design,
‣ Find ways and means to reduce adverse impacts,
‣ Shape projects to suit the local environment, and
‣ Present the predictions and options to decision makers.
4/4/2022 9
10. Cont…
In an updated view, EIA is understood as an integrated part of the
planning process devoted to the identification, quantification and
qualification of environmental impacts due to the development of a
plan or a project as well as the definition of policies and strategies
required to monitor and control such impacts.
As a planning tool, EIA serves
largely to inform interested parties of the likely
environmental impacts
of a project and its proposed alternatives.
4/4/2022 10
11. Cont…
EIA=
SCIENCE+ART
AS A SCIENCE
has to do with
the methodologies and
techniques for
identifying, predicting and
evaluating the environmental
impacts associated
with particular
development actions.
AS AN ART
has to do with those
mechanisms for ensuring an
environmental analysis of such
actions and influencing
the decision making process.
4/4/2022 11
13. Introduction
Evolution of EIA:
Initial Belief:
Initially EIA was seen by some project promoters as a constraint to
development but this view is gradually disappearing.
Present day understanding:
Environment and development are complementary and interdependent and
EIA is a technique for ensuring that the two are mutually reinforcing.
Origin:
The contemporary usage of “environmental impact assessment” has its
origins in the US National Policy act of 1969 (NEPA)
Cause of Law Enforcement:
The wide spread recognition that some environmental problems in the US
resulted from actions by the US government itself.
4/4/2022 13
14. Introduction
The most widely known of the law enforcement provisions:
“All agencies of the federal government shall include in every
recommendation and report on proposals for legislations and other major
federal actions significantly affecting the quality of human environment, a
detailed statement by the responsible official.”
This detailed statement comes to be called as an ‘Environmental impact
statement (EIS)
Power of an EIA recommendation:
‣ Redesigning some project components
‣ Suggest change affecting project viability/practicality
‣ Causing delay in project implementation
4/4/2022 14
15. Purpose and objectives of EIA
From World Bank Guidelines the main purposes of EIA are as
follows:
Identify and forecast the possible positive and negative
impacts to the environment resulting from a proposed
project.
Provide for a plan, which up on implementation will reduce
the negative impacts of the project resulting in acceptable
environmental changes.
Assure the level of plan implementation and the degree of
effectiveness of the above environmental protection
provisions.
4/4/2022 15
16. Significance of EIA:
It is an aid to decision-making. For the decision-maker, it provides a
systematic examination of the environmental implications of a proposed
action, and sometimes alternatives, before a decision is taken.
It can be an aid to the formulation of development actions, indicating areas
where the project can be modified to minimize or eliminate altogether the
adverse impacts on the environment.
Underlying such purposes is of course the central role of EIA as one of the
instruments to be used to achieve sustainable development.
4/4/2022 16
17. Significance of EIA:
Sustainable development: is development that meets the needs of the
present, without compromising the ability of future generations to meet
their own needs.
EIA as a means to:
Protect and improve the environmental quality of life
to discover and evaluate the effects of activities of humans on the
environment- natural and social.
It should be treated as, an integral part of project planning
EIA does not make decisions, but its findings should be considered in
policy and decision making and should be reflected in final choices.
4/4/2022 17
18. Projects, Environment and Impact
EIA is relevant to a broad spectrum of development actions, including
policies, plans, programs and projects.
Characteristics of major projects
⁃ Substantial capital investment
⁃ Cover large areas; employ large numbers (construction and operation)
⁃ Complex array of organizational links
⁃ Wide-ranging impacts (geographical and by type)
⁃ Significant environmental impacts
⁃ Require special procedures
4/4/2022 18
19. Projects, Environment and Impact
The following are ranges of positive influences of EIA on projects:
⁃ Withdrawal of unsound projects
⁃ Legitimation of sound projects
⁃ Selection of improved project locations
⁃ Reformulation of plans
⁃ Redefinitions of goals and responsibilities of project proponents.
4/4/2022 19
20. Projects, Environment and Impact
The most common positive outcomes of EIA are suggestions for measures
needed to mitigate the adverse effects of a proposed plan.
‘To mitigate’ is to avoid having the damage take place.
It is more common to say that mitigation involves one or more of the
following:
⁃ Minimizing adverse effects by scaling down or redesigning projects.
(e.g. adding fish ladder to allow fish to reach spawning ground
upstream of a proposed dam).
4/4/2022 20
21. Projects, Environment and Impact
⁃ Repairing, rehabilitating, or restoring those parts of the environment
that are adversely affected by a project. (e.g replanting native vegetation
in area cleared for pipeline installation).
⁃ Creating or acquiring environments similar to those adversely affected
by an action. (e.g. donation of wetlands to a public land trust to
compensate for wet lands destroyed by a project)
4/4/2022 21
22. Definitions of Terminology
Environment
The physical, biological, social, economic, cultural, historical and political
factors that surround human beings. It includes both the natural and built
environments. It also includes human health and welfare.
Impact
Any change to the environment or its component that may affect human
health or safety, biophysical conditions, or cultural heritage, other physical
structure with positive or negative consequences.
4/4/2022 22
23. Definitions of Terminology
Cumulative Impact
An impact that may in itself not be significant but the combination of
one or more impacts that can have a greater effect than the sum of
the individual impacts.
Environmental Assessment
The methodology of identifying and evaluating in advance, any
impact positive or negative, which results from the implementation
of a proposed action.
4/4/2022 23