Introduction to CJ
•Download as PPTX, PDF•
1 like•359 views
The criminal justice system in the U.S. has three main components: law enforcement (police), courts, and corrections. Police are responsible for enforcing laws and maintaining peace. They fall under federal, state, or local jurisdictions. Courts determine guilt or innocence and impose appropriate sentences. The U.S. and each state have court systems with different levels like supreme courts and trial courts. Corrections oversees prisons, jails, parole and probation to punish and rehabilitate criminals. It also has federal, state and local divisions.
Report
Share
Report
Share
Recommended
Crime and Justice in the US | David Ford Avon Ct
The criminal justice system is the set of agencies and processes established by governments to control crime and impose penalties on those who violate laws. ... Federal: The federal criminal justice system handles crimes committed on federal property or in more than one state.
Montmartre Collab ppt 2
Judges play an important role in criminal law by interpreting laws passed by legislatures and deciding how to apply them to specific cases. They also have the power to determine whether laws are consistent with the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms, and can strike down inconsistent laws. There are three types of criminal offences - summary conviction offences for minor crimes with penalties up to 6 months in jail or $2000 fine, indictable offences for serious crimes, and hybrid offences that can be treated as either.
11LS Criminal Law
This document provides an overview of key topics in criminal law. It outlines an assessment for a criminal law course requiring an 800-1000 word research report. It discusses sources of criminal law in Queensland and Commonwealth legislation. It defines basic concepts like the presumption of innocence, mens rea, actus reus, and strict liability offenses. It categorizes criminal offenses and profiles some example offenses against the person and property. It also lists potential assignment topics and provides guidance on researching these topics.
Introduction to the U.S. Criminal Justice System
The document discusses crime and the criminal justice system in the United States. It notes that crime is a top public concern but most police calls involve minor disturbances. The criminal justice system aims to respond to and prevent crime through institutions like law enforcement, courts, and corrections. However, the system operates differently across jurisdictions and agencies often work independently instead of as a coordinated "system." It is an enormous but costly institution.
Magistrates
AQA AS Level/ A-Level, Law U1. Requires you to know magistrates, this presentation sums up the background, role, selection and appointment, training, criminal jurisdiction, powers and the advantages and disadvantages of magistrates
Ch. 3 CJ
The due process clause of the Fifth and Fourteenth Amendments requires that the government respect all legal rights that are "due" to an individual. This helps guarantee fair treatment through the criminal justice process and prevents the government from arbitrarily taking away someone's life, liberty, or property. Due process is crucial for protecting civil liberties and ensuring a just criminal justice system.
VICE SIN TORT
This document provides definitions and introductions to key concepts in criminal law, including vice, sin, tort, crime, mens rea, actus reus, and types of crimes. It also summarizes several important laws governing criminal justice in India such as the Indian Penal Code of 1860, the Criminal Procedure Code of 1973, the Indian Evidence Act of 1872, and the Constitution of India from 1949. The document outlines the chapters, sections, and subject matter covered by each law.
Classification of Law
This document summarizes key aspects of the Australian legal system. It outlines the classification of law into public law and private law. Public law includes criminal law, administrative law, and constitutional law. Private law regulates relationships between individuals and organizations, including contract law, tort law, and property law. The document also discusses criminal and civil court procedures, the roles of legal professionals, juries, and compares common law and civil law systems.
Recommended
Crime and Justice in the US | David Ford Avon Ct
The criminal justice system is the set of agencies and processes established by governments to control crime and impose penalties on those who violate laws. ... Federal: The federal criminal justice system handles crimes committed on federal property or in more than one state.
Montmartre Collab ppt 2
Judges play an important role in criminal law by interpreting laws passed by legislatures and deciding how to apply them to specific cases. They also have the power to determine whether laws are consistent with the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms, and can strike down inconsistent laws. There are three types of criminal offences - summary conviction offences for minor crimes with penalties up to 6 months in jail or $2000 fine, indictable offences for serious crimes, and hybrid offences that can be treated as either.
11LS Criminal Law
This document provides an overview of key topics in criminal law. It outlines an assessment for a criminal law course requiring an 800-1000 word research report. It discusses sources of criminal law in Queensland and Commonwealth legislation. It defines basic concepts like the presumption of innocence, mens rea, actus reus, and strict liability offenses. It categorizes criminal offenses and profiles some example offenses against the person and property. It also lists potential assignment topics and provides guidance on researching these topics.
Introduction to the U.S. Criminal Justice System
The document discusses crime and the criminal justice system in the United States. It notes that crime is a top public concern but most police calls involve minor disturbances. The criminal justice system aims to respond to and prevent crime through institutions like law enforcement, courts, and corrections. However, the system operates differently across jurisdictions and agencies often work independently instead of as a coordinated "system." It is an enormous but costly institution.
Magistrates
AQA AS Level/ A-Level, Law U1. Requires you to know magistrates, this presentation sums up the background, role, selection and appointment, training, criminal jurisdiction, powers and the advantages and disadvantages of magistrates
Ch. 3 CJ
The due process clause of the Fifth and Fourteenth Amendments requires that the government respect all legal rights that are "due" to an individual. This helps guarantee fair treatment through the criminal justice process and prevents the government from arbitrarily taking away someone's life, liberty, or property. Due process is crucial for protecting civil liberties and ensuring a just criminal justice system.
VICE SIN TORT
This document provides definitions and introductions to key concepts in criminal law, including vice, sin, tort, crime, mens rea, actus reus, and types of crimes. It also summarizes several important laws governing criminal justice in India such as the Indian Penal Code of 1860, the Criminal Procedure Code of 1973, the Indian Evidence Act of 1872, and the Constitution of India from 1949. The document outlines the chapters, sections, and subject matter covered by each law.
Classification of Law
This document summarizes key aspects of the Australian legal system. It outlines the classification of law into public law and private law. Public law includes criminal law, administrative law, and constitutional law. Private law regulates relationships between individuals and organizations, including contract law, tort law, and property law. The document also discusses criminal and civil court procedures, the roles of legal professionals, juries, and compares common law and civil law systems.
Chapter 1
I cannot recommend lying or committing an unethical act. While protecting public safety is important, upholding civil liberties and the integrity of the justice system is equally vital. Some options to consider:
1. Tell the truth about the illegal search and have the evidence suppressed, but continue investigating other leads to build a lawful case.
2. Consult with legal advisors on alternative charges that don't rely on the suppressed evidence, such as those related to the initial traffic violation.
3. If releasing the suspect poses an imminent threat, lawful detention may be possible until the investigation continues. But this should be a last resort and according to procedure.
Upholding ethics, even when difficult, is crucial for maintaining public
History of Law Enforcement
Learn about the history and introduction of law enforcement in society to the appointment of constables in United States.
What is deifference between Criminal law and Civil law?
It is detailed with criminal and civil law. It describes the difference between criminal law and civil law.
Corrections chapter 11 ppt
This document summarizes the key legal foundations that determine the rights of inmates, including constitutions, statutes, case law, and regulations. It discusses how the US Supreme Court has interpreted constitutional rights like freedom of speech, religion, due process, and protection from cruel punishment within correctional facilities. It also reviews legal issues surrounding the death penalty, how executions have changed over time due to Supreme Court cases, and ongoing debates around applying the death penalty to certain crimes or populations.
Criminal Justice System
The document discusses the criminal justice system in India. It defines the criminal justice system and outlines its key objectives of preventing crime, punishing criminals, rehabilitating offenders, and maintaining law and order. It then describes the branches (legislative, judicial, executive), major components (police, courts, corrections), key players (police, prosecutors, defense lawyers, judges) and processes involved in the criminal justice system. It also compares the inquisitorial and adversarial approaches and discusses ways to improve the criminal justice system in India.
Chapter 4
The document discusses the history and development of law enforcement in the United States from colonial times to present day. It describes how early policing mirrored the English system and involved night watches. It also explains how political patronage affected hiring and how law enforcement later professionalized with administrative reforms and new technologies. The document outlines the main responsibilities of police and lists the primary types of law enforcement agencies, including over 17,500 total across various levels of government employing over 1 million people.
Common Law Vs Civil Law
This is a brandnew presentation how explains some of the many differences you can encounter between the common and civil law. To view the animations you have to download the file.
Montmartre Colab PPT 1
This document provides information about criminal law in Canada. It defines criminal law as dealing with offenses against society and outlines some key functions as protecting people and property, discouraging offenses, and rehabilitating offenders. It notes that criminal actions are defined by Parliament and must involve harm, be serious in nature and degree, and fall under the scope of criminal law. The document also discusses sources of criminal law like the Criminal Code of Canada and the role of judges in interpreting laws and ruling on consistency with rights and freedoms.
ditrocks
This document discusses issues with the justice system in India and proposes reforms. It notes that there is a lack of individual initiative to demand justice and that cases are often delayed or justice is denied. It also claims that money and power allow the influential to manipulate the system. Several reforms are proposed, including making the system more transparent, accountable, and accessible especially for vulnerable groups. Overall, the document argues that reforms are needed to restore faith in the judiciary and ensure justice is delivered efficiently.
Ch 10 Vice Crimes
Vice crimes refer to offenses against public morality such as prostitution, gambling, and drug and alcohol offenses. The document provides an overview of various vice crimes including their historical development and current legal status. It summarizes laws around issues like obscenity, public intoxication, controlled substances, and drug courts as alternatives to incarceration for nonviolent drug offenders.
Criminal justice 101 ch 3
This document provides an overview of criminal law. It discusses how criminal laws are created through the legislative, executive, and judicial branches. Laws aim to prohibit behaviors that harm society and define crimes as felonies or misdemeanors. Criminal law is governed at both the state and federal level through statutes and common law. For an act to be a crime, it must involve both a criminal act (actus reas) and a culpable mental state (mens rea).
Lay magistrates powerpoint
This is a powerpoint that contains basic information on Lay Magistrates, and it informs you on how you can become a magistrate for your local magistrates court. It also has a link at the end of the powerpoint so you can apply to be a magistrate.
Nature of Crime
This document provides an overview of the key concepts and elements of crime that students need to understand for the HSC Core Crime syllabus. It defines crime and outlines the main areas of criminal law, including investigation, prosecution and sentencing. The document discusses the elements of most crimes - actus reus and mens rea. It also covers strict liability offenses, categories of crimes like homicide, assault and treason, and types of offenses such as drug, driving and public order offenses. Examples are provided throughout to illustrate the concepts.
Law
The document discusses the history and evolution of legal systems from ancient codes like the Code of Hammurabi to modern common law. It provides an overview of different types of law including criminal law, civil law, and constitutional law. It also summarizes the basic processes for civil cases, which involve filing complaints, pleadings, trials and potential appeals, and criminal cases, which include arrest, arraignment, trial, potential verdict and sentencing, and appeals.
David Ford Avon CT | Importance of Laws and Morals
This document discusses several key aspects of law:
1. The purposes of law including maintaining order, protecting lives and property, and protecting freedom and society.
2. How morals and values influence lawmaking as reflected in statutes passed by legislatures.
3. The role of judges in developing common law and changing laws to fit society through precedent-setting decisions.
4. The organization of laws into legal codes and the ability of citizens to change laws through amendments and repeals.
Chapter 5 Challenges to Effective Policing
The document summarizes key aspects of policing including:
1) Police recruits undergo training at the police academy to learn laws and procedures, then receive field training from officers to apply their knowledge on the job.
2) Community policing aims to increase community cooperation and support for police, and problem-oriented policing seeks to solve the root causes of crime in specific areas.
3) Police work involves dangers and stress, while officers also face ethical dilemmas regarding their discretion, duties, honesty, and loyalties.
Chapter 2
This document discusses different perspectives on how crime is defined and categorized. It also examines sources of crime data in the US, including the Uniform Crime Report compiled by the FBI and the National Crime Victimization Survey. The document analyzes factors that influence crime rates such as age, gender, race, social class, drugs and alcohol. It explores geographic crime patterns and chronic offending.
Lay magistrates presentation
Lay Magistrates, also known as Justices of the Peace, are volunteer members of the public who serve as judges in Magistrates Courts. Little training or qualifications are required to become a Lay Magistrate. There are over 23,000 Lay Magistrates in England and Wales who must be between 18-65 years old. Lay Magistrates deal with less serious crimes and have sentencing powers of up to 6 months imprisonment or a £5,000 fine. While Lay Magistrates provide a cross-section of society and local knowledge, some disadvantages are that their middle-class backgrounds may limit commonality with younger defendants.
The U.S. Legal System
The U.S. legal system has its origins in medieval English common law and equity traditions. U.S. law comes from the Constitution, congressional statutes, administrative regulations, and modern case law from federal and state courts. The legal system is divided into civil and criminal law, with civil cases involving private disputes and criminal law governing offenses against the public. Remedies in civil cases include damages and equitable relief such as injunctions or restitution.
Chapter 4 - Updated
This document summarizes key aspects of criminal law and procedure in the United States. It outlines four categories of law, including criminal law which defines crimes and punishments. Criminal law has substantive and procedural aspects. The history and sources of criminal law are discussed, including influences from codes like the Code of Hammurabi. Crimes are classified and the legal definition requires both an act and mental intent. Constitutional limits and rights are addressed, along with defenses, reforming criminal law, and the law of criminal procedure focused on interpretations of the 4th, 5th, 6th, and 8th Amendments.
British and uk criminal justice system
The document provides an overview of the criminal justice systems in Britain and the United States. It discusses the court structures and legal traditions of England/Wales, Scotland, and Northern Ireland. It also compares the police, courts, and corrections branches of the U.S. system. Finally, it analyzes similarities and differences between the roles of lawyers, legal education, and sources of legal authority in the two countries.
National reporter system_complete_show3
The Key Number Digests contain the headnotes (digest paragraphs) and their corresponding topic and key numbers from every case in the National Reporter System.
More Related Content
What's hot
Chapter 1
I cannot recommend lying or committing an unethical act. While protecting public safety is important, upholding civil liberties and the integrity of the justice system is equally vital. Some options to consider:
1. Tell the truth about the illegal search and have the evidence suppressed, but continue investigating other leads to build a lawful case.
2. Consult with legal advisors on alternative charges that don't rely on the suppressed evidence, such as those related to the initial traffic violation.
3. If releasing the suspect poses an imminent threat, lawful detention may be possible until the investigation continues. But this should be a last resort and according to procedure.
Upholding ethics, even when difficult, is crucial for maintaining public
History of Law Enforcement
Learn about the history and introduction of law enforcement in society to the appointment of constables in United States.
What is deifference between Criminal law and Civil law?
It is detailed with criminal and civil law. It describes the difference between criminal law and civil law.
Corrections chapter 11 ppt
This document summarizes the key legal foundations that determine the rights of inmates, including constitutions, statutes, case law, and regulations. It discusses how the US Supreme Court has interpreted constitutional rights like freedom of speech, religion, due process, and protection from cruel punishment within correctional facilities. It also reviews legal issues surrounding the death penalty, how executions have changed over time due to Supreme Court cases, and ongoing debates around applying the death penalty to certain crimes or populations.
Criminal Justice System
The document discusses the criminal justice system in India. It defines the criminal justice system and outlines its key objectives of preventing crime, punishing criminals, rehabilitating offenders, and maintaining law and order. It then describes the branches (legislative, judicial, executive), major components (police, courts, corrections), key players (police, prosecutors, defense lawyers, judges) and processes involved in the criminal justice system. It also compares the inquisitorial and adversarial approaches and discusses ways to improve the criminal justice system in India.
Chapter 4
The document discusses the history and development of law enforcement in the United States from colonial times to present day. It describes how early policing mirrored the English system and involved night watches. It also explains how political patronage affected hiring and how law enforcement later professionalized with administrative reforms and new technologies. The document outlines the main responsibilities of police and lists the primary types of law enforcement agencies, including over 17,500 total across various levels of government employing over 1 million people.
Common Law Vs Civil Law
This is a brandnew presentation how explains some of the many differences you can encounter between the common and civil law. To view the animations you have to download the file.
Montmartre Colab PPT 1
This document provides information about criminal law in Canada. It defines criminal law as dealing with offenses against society and outlines some key functions as protecting people and property, discouraging offenses, and rehabilitating offenders. It notes that criminal actions are defined by Parliament and must involve harm, be serious in nature and degree, and fall under the scope of criminal law. The document also discusses sources of criminal law like the Criminal Code of Canada and the role of judges in interpreting laws and ruling on consistency with rights and freedoms.
ditrocks
This document discusses issues with the justice system in India and proposes reforms. It notes that there is a lack of individual initiative to demand justice and that cases are often delayed or justice is denied. It also claims that money and power allow the influential to manipulate the system. Several reforms are proposed, including making the system more transparent, accountable, and accessible especially for vulnerable groups. Overall, the document argues that reforms are needed to restore faith in the judiciary and ensure justice is delivered efficiently.
Ch 10 Vice Crimes
Vice crimes refer to offenses against public morality such as prostitution, gambling, and drug and alcohol offenses. The document provides an overview of various vice crimes including their historical development and current legal status. It summarizes laws around issues like obscenity, public intoxication, controlled substances, and drug courts as alternatives to incarceration for nonviolent drug offenders.
Criminal justice 101 ch 3
This document provides an overview of criminal law. It discusses how criminal laws are created through the legislative, executive, and judicial branches. Laws aim to prohibit behaviors that harm society and define crimes as felonies or misdemeanors. Criminal law is governed at both the state and federal level through statutes and common law. For an act to be a crime, it must involve both a criminal act (actus reas) and a culpable mental state (mens rea).
Lay magistrates powerpoint
This is a powerpoint that contains basic information on Lay Magistrates, and it informs you on how you can become a magistrate for your local magistrates court. It also has a link at the end of the powerpoint so you can apply to be a magistrate.
Nature of Crime
This document provides an overview of the key concepts and elements of crime that students need to understand for the HSC Core Crime syllabus. It defines crime and outlines the main areas of criminal law, including investigation, prosecution and sentencing. The document discusses the elements of most crimes - actus reus and mens rea. It also covers strict liability offenses, categories of crimes like homicide, assault and treason, and types of offenses such as drug, driving and public order offenses. Examples are provided throughout to illustrate the concepts.
Law
The document discusses the history and evolution of legal systems from ancient codes like the Code of Hammurabi to modern common law. It provides an overview of different types of law including criminal law, civil law, and constitutional law. It also summarizes the basic processes for civil cases, which involve filing complaints, pleadings, trials and potential appeals, and criminal cases, which include arrest, arraignment, trial, potential verdict and sentencing, and appeals.
David Ford Avon CT | Importance of Laws and Morals
This document discusses several key aspects of law:
1. The purposes of law including maintaining order, protecting lives and property, and protecting freedom and society.
2. How morals and values influence lawmaking as reflected in statutes passed by legislatures.
3. The role of judges in developing common law and changing laws to fit society through precedent-setting decisions.
4. The organization of laws into legal codes and the ability of citizens to change laws through amendments and repeals.
Chapter 5 Challenges to Effective Policing
The document summarizes key aspects of policing including:
1) Police recruits undergo training at the police academy to learn laws and procedures, then receive field training from officers to apply their knowledge on the job.
2) Community policing aims to increase community cooperation and support for police, and problem-oriented policing seeks to solve the root causes of crime in specific areas.
3) Police work involves dangers and stress, while officers also face ethical dilemmas regarding their discretion, duties, honesty, and loyalties.
Chapter 2
This document discusses different perspectives on how crime is defined and categorized. It also examines sources of crime data in the US, including the Uniform Crime Report compiled by the FBI and the National Crime Victimization Survey. The document analyzes factors that influence crime rates such as age, gender, race, social class, drugs and alcohol. It explores geographic crime patterns and chronic offending.
Lay magistrates presentation
Lay Magistrates, also known as Justices of the Peace, are volunteer members of the public who serve as judges in Magistrates Courts. Little training or qualifications are required to become a Lay Magistrate. There are over 23,000 Lay Magistrates in England and Wales who must be between 18-65 years old. Lay Magistrates deal with less serious crimes and have sentencing powers of up to 6 months imprisonment or a £5,000 fine. While Lay Magistrates provide a cross-section of society and local knowledge, some disadvantages are that their middle-class backgrounds may limit commonality with younger defendants.
The U.S. Legal System
The U.S. legal system has its origins in medieval English common law and equity traditions. U.S. law comes from the Constitution, congressional statutes, administrative regulations, and modern case law from federal and state courts. The legal system is divided into civil and criminal law, with civil cases involving private disputes and criminal law governing offenses against the public. Remedies in civil cases include damages and equitable relief such as injunctions or restitution.
Chapter 4 - Updated
This document summarizes key aspects of criminal law and procedure in the United States. It outlines four categories of law, including criminal law which defines crimes and punishments. Criminal law has substantive and procedural aspects. The history and sources of criminal law are discussed, including influences from codes like the Code of Hammurabi. Crimes are classified and the legal definition requires both an act and mental intent. Constitutional limits and rights are addressed, along with defenses, reforming criminal law, and the law of criminal procedure focused on interpretations of the 4th, 5th, 6th, and 8th Amendments.
What's hot (20)
What is deifference between Criminal law and Civil law?
What is deifference between Criminal law and Civil law?
David Ford Avon CT | Importance of Laws and Morals
David Ford Avon CT | Importance of Laws and Morals
Similar to Introduction to CJ
British and uk criminal justice system
The document provides an overview of the criminal justice systems in Britain and the United States. It discusses the court structures and legal traditions of England/Wales, Scotland, and Northern Ireland. It also compares the police, courts, and corrections branches of the U.S. system. Finally, it analyzes similarities and differences between the roles of lawyers, legal education, and sources of legal authority in the two countries.
National reporter system_complete_show3
The Key Number Digests contain the headnotes (digest paragraphs) and their corresponding topic and key numbers from every case in the National Reporter System.
Laws and their ethical foundation chapter i
The document discusses the origins and types of laws. It covers four main points:
1. Most societies progress through four stages in developing their legal system, from individuals taking revenge to a centralized authority intervening to prevent wrongs. The US system is based mainly on English common law.
2. There are five sources of law: constitutions, statutes, ordinances, case law, and administrative law. Constitutions are the highest form and allocate powers among branches of government and levels of government.
3. Laws can be categorized as civil, criminal, procedural, substantive, or business laws. Civil laws involve private disputes while criminal laws involve crimes against society.
4. Ethical bases for laws
AP Federal Courts
The document summarizes the purpose and structure of the US judiciary system. It describes how the federal court system is organized into three levels - district courts, courts of appeals, and the Supreme Court. It also outlines the types of cases each level handles, the qualifications and selection of judges, and the role of the Supreme Court in interpreting the constitution and setting precedents that lower courts must follow.
Justice system-lop-sp09-1231807181806271-3-1
The American legal system draws from several sources of law - constitutional law based on the U.S. and state constitutions, statutory law from legislatures, and administrative law from government agencies. Criminal law involves offenses against society, while civil law involves offenses against individuals. The court system is hierarchical, with the U.S. Supreme Court at the top and able to take cases through a writ of certiorari. Lower courts examine jurisdiction, geography, and subject matter in hearings.
Sources of Law.pptx
Constitutional, statutory, and case law are the three sources of American law, ranked in that order from highest to lowest. Constitutional law establishes the framework of government and is established through constitutions. Statutory law regulates individuals and private actions and is established through statutes passed by legislatures. Case law supplements the law through precedent established in past court rulings and helps interpret statutes and constitutions.
Crim 215 wrongful convictions
Wrongful convictions can occur due to errors in the criminal justice system. The top causes of wrongful convictions are eyewitness misidentification, unreliable forensic evidence, false confessions, and untrustworthy informant testimony. In the 1970s and 1980s, the development of DNA testing revealed that innocent people had been wrongly convicted. This led to the formation of innocence projects and reforms to reduce errors. Exonerations have increased in recent years as more resources are devoted to investigating wrongful conviction claims.
Locating Legal Information On The Web
This document provides an overview and schedule for a training on locating legal information online. It begins with introducing the goals of familiarizing participants with the US legal system and online legal resources. The schedule outlines discussing the legal system, common legal reference questions, identifying citations, and exploring legal portals and websites. It then provides a detailed overview of the US legal system, including the three branches of government and the types of primary legal authorities like constitutions, statutes, court rules, and cases. It describes the federal and Minnesota court structures and where to find legal authorities and cases online.
Locating Legal Information On The Web
This document provides an overview and schedule for a training on locating legal information online. It will include a one hour overview of the US legal system, discussing common legal information requests at public libraries and when to refer questions to attorneys, learning how to identify legal citations and retrieve documents, and touring some legal websites and exercises. The training will familiarize participants with the legal system, online legal resources, and the appropriate level of assistance public librarians can provide to patrons seeking legal help or information.
111620151American Policing and Court Systems-S
11/16/2015
1
American Policing and Court
Systems
-Slides and data in this outline are from Siegel
(2015); Adler, Mueller, and Laufer (2007); and
modified by Manning (2007, & 2015).
The Criminal Justice System overview
• The Process of Justice
– From initial contact, through post-release
• Crime committed - investigation
• Police make arrest based on probable cause
• Booking (custody) fingerprinting and investigation
• Grand jury hands down its indictment
• Arraignment: formal charges & rights read to defendant
• Bail or detention
• Plea bargaining
• Trial process/adjudication
• Sentencing/disposition
• Appeals
• Correctional treatment
• Release
• Post release/aftercare. if early release on parole.
England’s Policing History
• 1829, Sir Robert Peels created the
Metropolitan Constabulary in London.
– So successful all counties were required to have
them by 1856.
– Police officers must have a perfect command of
temper.
– Critics said these agencies were created to control
the poor.
11/16/2015
2
American Policing History
• Colonial America
– Used system like England's
• America’s first uniformed police
– Boston in 1838 and New York in 1844
• Progressive Era – lead by T. Roosevelt
– 1895—tried to reform police by removing them from
politics.
• Today more than 20,000 separate agencies in US
– 708,022 sworn officers
Federal Law Enforcement
• First Federal police force 1790
– US Coast Guard.
• Federal Bureau of Investigation
– Investigate domestic terrorism, white collar crime,
organized crime, public corruption.
– Named FBI in 1935 under J. Edger Hoover
– Chief investigative branch of Depart of Justice.
• Captured Baby Face Nelson, Pretty Boy Floyd.
– Image tarnished
• 1960s wire tapping, opening mail
• 1993 handling of WACO TX Branch Davidians.
Federal Policing cont’d
• Drug Enforcement Administration DEA
• Immigration and Naturalization Service
– INS largest group of federal police.
– Now called ICE:
• US Immigration and Customs Enforcement
• United States Marshall Service
– Witness protection, federal court security
• Treasury Department: Secret Service
11/16/2015
3
Department of
Homeland Security
• Five divisions created after 911:
– Border and Transportation Security
– Emergency Preparedness & Response
• Make sure were prepared and able to recover from
terrorism
– Science and Technology
– Information Analysis and Infrastructure
– Management
State, County and Municipal Law
Enforcement
• State Police
– 1st was Texas Ranger 1835
– Today only Hawaii without state police
• Highway Patrol
• County Police (Sheriff’s Department)
– Tax assessment & collection, court duty, run jails,
serve court orders, oversee public buildings, highways,
bridges and parks.
• City Police
– 24 hour service not the norm in small town
– New York City has over 72,000 officers operating at a
cost of about $2.5 trillion
Special Purpose Policing
and Private Police
• Special Purpose Police ...
111620151American Policing and Court Systems-S
11/16/2015
1
American Policing and Court
Systems
-Slides and data in this outline are from Siegel
(2015); Adler, Mueller, and Laufer (2007); and
modified by Manning (2007, & 2015).
The Criminal Justice System overview
• The Process of Justice
– From initial contact, through post-release
• Crime committed - investigation
• Police make arrest based on probable cause
• Booking (custody) fingerprinting and investigation
• Grand jury hands down its indictment
• Arraignment: formal charges & rights read to defendant
• Bail or detention
• Plea bargaining
• Trial process/adjudication
• Sentencing/disposition
• Appeals
• Correctional treatment
• Release
• Post release/aftercare. if early release on parole.
England’s Policing History
• 1829, Sir Robert Peels created the
Metropolitan Constabulary in London.
– So successful all counties were required to have
them by 1856.
– Police officers must have a perfect command of
temper.
– Critics said these agencies were created to control
the poor.
11/16/2015
2
American Policing History
• Colonial America
– Used system like England's
• America’s first uniformed police
– Boston in 1838 and New York in 1844
• Progressive Era – lead by T. Roosevelt
– 1895—tried to reform police by removing them from
politics.
• Today more than 20,000 separate agencies in US
– 708,022 sworn officers
Federal Law Enforcement
• First Federal police force 1790
– US Coast Guard.
• Federal Bureau of Investigation
– Investigate domestic terrorism, white collar crime,
organized crime, public corruption.
– Named FBI in 1935 under J. Edger Hoover
– Chief investigative branch of Depart of Justice.
• Captured Baby Face Nelson, Pretty Boy Floyd.
– Image tarnished
• 1960s wire tapping, opening mail
• 1993 handling of WACO TX Branch Davidians.
Federal Policing cont’d
• Drug Enforcement Administration DEA
• Immigration and Naturalization Service
– INS largest group of federal police.
– Now called ICE:
• US Immigration and Customs Enforcement
• United States Marshall Service
– Witness protection, federal court security
• Treasury Department: Secret Service
11/16/2015
3
Department of
Homeland Security
• Five divisions created after 911:
– Border and Transportation Security
– Emergency Preparedness & Response
• Make sure were prepared and able to recover from
terrorism
– Science and Technology
– Information Analysis and Infrastructure
– Management
State, County and Municipal Law
Enforcement
• State Police
– 1st was Texas Ranger 1835
– Today only Hawaii without state police
• Highway Patrol
• County Police (Sheriff’s Department)
– Tax assessment & collection, court duty, run jails,
serve court orders, oversee public buildings, highways,
bridges and parks.
• City Police
– 24 hour service not the norm in small town
– New York City has over 72,000 officers operating at a
cost of about $2.5 trillion
Special Purpose Policing
and Private Police
• Special Purpose Police ...
The American Legal System
The document provides an overview of the American legal system, including the various sources of law such as constitutional law, statutory law, administrative law, and common law. It discusses criminal and civil law, types of civil law including contracts and torts, and the structure of the court system from the Supreme Court down to district courts. Key points covered include jurisdiction, the appeals process, and doctrines like precedent and justiciable controversy.
Criminal Justice System.pptx
Criminal Justice system, criminal law, alternate dispute resolution systems, police administrations, malimath committee report, legislative process.
Chapter4
Private security plays an important role in law enforcement today due to its size, widespread use, and crime prevention functions, though it also faces issues around lack of standards and oversight.
The Criminal Justice System for Dummies
Many people are unfamiliar with the American Criminal Justice System, so this presentation condenses primary and necessary concepts for easy comprehension so that all can understand how the system functions and why!
Disclaimer: this presentation was completed for an in-class assignment at Rockhurst University. The "for Dummies" branding is not my own and was simply used as a format for the assignment concept.
United States Federal Government Structure for International Students
I'm currently a graduate student in USC's Price School of Public Affairs, International Public Policy and Management program (IPPAM). The majority of my classmates are foreign nationals and they asked me to give a presentation on the US Federal Government structure. It's a basic overview but they were keenly interested in lobbying and PACs.
Regulating Healthcare - Lecture B
This lecture discusses how the US legal system regulates health care. It describes the three branches of government - legislative, executive, and judicial - and how the court system is divided into trial courts that hear evidence and appellate courts that review cases. The lecture outlines the main sources of law and different types of laws, such as civil/private laws that govern relationships between people/organizations and public laws that govern relationships between people and the government. It provides examples of how civil cases involve private parties and criminal cases involve the government and a defendant.
Day 30
The document discusses the different sources of law in the United States, including statutory law which is passed by legislatures, common law which develops from legal precedents, administrative law issued by government agencies, and constitutional law based on Supreme Court interpretations of the Constitution. It also outlines the differences between civil and criminal cases, noting that civil disputes are between individuals while criminal cases involve alleged crimes against society. The purpose is for students to understand the hierarchy and application of various laws in the US legal system.
Lawmaking Judges Government and Private presented 2023 April 7.pptx
Stephen Ware became the Frank Edwards Tyler Distinguished Professor of Law at the University of Kansas in 2019.
Among his scholarly interests are arbitration and judicial selection. This lecture combines those topics and explains that:
1. Judicial Lawmaking is routine, inevitable.
2. Judges’ ideologies influence the content of the law judges make.
3. Importance of judicial ideology is why we battle over the 3 methods of selecting government judges and particular selections within them.
4. A fourth method of selecting judges is contract, which selects private judges (arbitrators).
5. Judicial selections tend to reflect power under the applicable selection method.
This lecture asks "How much room for lawmaking by private judges (arbitrators) selected by contract will government lawmakers allow?", a question discussed in Ware's most-cited article "Default Rules from Mandatory Rules: Privatizing Law Through Arbitration,"
Minnesota Law Review, Vol. 83, No. 703, 1999
This lecture, including its question and answer session, may be viewed at https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=09k7hyN4qkk
Chapter 8
This document discusses several topics related to law and the legal profession. It begins by outlining different theories of law, such as natural law and positive law. It then discusses legal justifications like the harm principle and legal paternalism. The document also examines perceptions of the judicial system and whether it achieves true justice. It analyzes the roles and ethics of legal professionals like attorneys and judges. Specifically, it debates whether attorneys should serve as legal agents or moral agents. Finally, the document reviews ethical standards and codes of conduct for legal professionals.
Similar to Introduction to CJ (20)
United States Federal Government Structure for International Students
United States Federal Government Structure for International Students
Lawmaking Judges Government and Private presented 2023 April 7.pptx
Lawmaking Judges Government and Private presented 2023 April 7.pptx
More from pmball2124
Ptm 2.15 patrol
Patrol officers make up the majority of police forces and are responsible for responding to calls for service, deterring crime through preventative patrols, and directing resources to high crime areas. Police departments deliver a variety of field services including patrol, investigation, traffic enforcement, and drug enforcement. Larger police departments have specialized units focused on traffic, vice, drugs, and gangs that conduct undercover operations, while smaller departments rely on patrol officers to handle most criminal investigations in addition to their regular duties.
Drugs and Crime
The document is a worksheet for students that includes a graph about drug use among different groups. It asks students to analyze and summarize the information presented in the graph. The second part of the document provides instructions for an assignment where students must write a three paragraph letter to the Mayor of New York outlining a plan to reduce violent crimes linked to drugs. The letter must include an introduction stating the purpose, a body paragraph describing the plan and identifying stakeholders, and a conclusion restating the importance of the plan.
Corrections
Corrections refers to the programs, services, facilities, and organizations that manage criminal offenders. There are over 7 million adults under correctional supervision in the US, which costs $60 billion annually. The US corrections system has evolved from physical punishments pre-1800 to today's federal, state, and local systems. Pennsylvania and New York pioneered early prison systems focused on isolation, labor, and reforming criminals.
Crime Rate 1
Crime rates in the United States are difficult to measure accurately for several reasons. Official statistics are based on police reports, but many crimes go unreported. Surveys suggest around half of assaults and over 40% of rapes are not reported to police. Additionally, police departments may feel pressure to underreport crime rates to align with national trends or for budget and promotional reasons. The FBI's Uniform Crime Reports provide standardized crime statistics but still have limitations in providing a complete picture of criminal activity in the US.
Crime Rate
This document contains information from a school assignment, including questions about a graph on crime rates in major US cities. It discusses the purpose of the graph, the decline in crime rates in New York City over three years compared to other cities, and asks students to make a concluding statement about overall crime rate trends. It also asks where the information on the graph came from.
Review Sheet
This document is a review sheet for a criminal justice unit containing 40 multiple-choice questions about key concepts in the criminal justice system. It begins with definitions of terms like federalism, adjudication, sentencing, and crime. It then covers the three components of the criminal justice system in the US and examples of how each is based on federalism. Other topics addressed include the roles and responsibilities of police, courts, costs of crime and victimization, criminology, gangs, crime statistics, corrections approaches, and capital punishment.
Victims
Victims of crime face significant costs and hardships including economic losses, psychological stress, increased risk of antisocial behavior, and system abuse. Crime victims experience post-traumatic stress, lowered self-esteem, and fear of repeat attacks. They are also more likely to commit crimes themselves due to the cycle of violence. Government and community programs aim to support victims and protect their rights through victim compensation, advocacy services, and self-protection measures.
Types of Crime
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive function. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against mental illness and improve symptoms.
Gangs
Gangs have existed in the US for many decades. While gang involvement increased in the late 1980s and early 1990s, numbers started declining in the late 1990s. Gangs are typically made up of young males seeking belonging, protection, and status. Like other groups, gangs form due to human desires for psychological and resource security through emotional bonds. While criminal activities are concerning, gangs fulfill normal human needs similarly to other organizations through features such as colors, initiation, hierarchy, and recruitment. Effective prevention focuses on strengthening communities and families to reduce the attractiveness of gang involvement.
More from pmball2124 (9)
Recently uploaded
The History of Stoke Newington Street Names
Presented at the Stoke Newington Literary Festival on 9th June 2024
www.StokeNewingtonHistory.com
How to Setup Warehouse & Location in Odoo 17 Inventory
In this slide, we'll explore how to set up warehouses and locations in Odoo 17 Inventory. This will help us manage our stock effectively, track inventory levels, and streamline warehouse operations.
South African Journal of Science: Writing with integrity workshop (2024)
South African Journal of Science: Writing with integrity workshop (2024)Academy of Science of South Africa
A workshop hosted by the South African Journal of Science aimed at postgraduate students and early career researchers with little or no experience in writing and publishing journal articles.Main Java[All of the Base Concepts}.docx
This is part 1 of my Java Learning Journey. This Contains Custom methods, classes, constructors, packages, multithreading , try- catch block, finally block and more.
BÀI TẬP BỔ TRỢ TIẾNG ANH 8 CẢ NĂM - GLOBAL SUCCESS - NĂM HỌC 2023-2024 (CÓ FI...
BÀI TẬP BỔ TRỢ TIẾNG ANH 8 CẢ NĂM - GLOBAL SUCCESS - NĂM HỌC 2023-2024 (CÓ FI...Nguyen Thanh Tu Collection
https://app.box.com/s/y977uz6bpd3af4qsebv7r9b7s21935vdRPMS TEMPLATE FOR SCHOOL YEAR 2023-2024 FOR TEACHER 1 TO TEACHER 3
RPMS Template 2023-2024 by: Irene S. Rueco
PCOS corelations and management through Ayurveda.
This presentation includes basic of PCOS their pathology and treatment and also Ayurveda correlation of PCOS and Ayurvedic line of treatment mentioned in classics.
Advanced Java[Extra Concepts, Not Difficult].docx
This is part 2 of my Java Learning Journey. This contains Hashing, ArrayList, LinkedList, Date and Time Classes, Calendar Class and more.
Your Skill Boost Masterclass: Strategies for Effective Upskilling
Your Skill Boost Masterclass: Strategies for Effective UpskillingExcellence Foundation for South Sudan
Strategies for Effective Upskilling is a presentation by Chinwendu Peace in a Your Skill Boost Masterclass organisation by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan on 08th and 09th June 2024 from 1 PM to 3 PM on each day.What is Digital Literacy? A guest blog from Andy McLaughlin, University of Ab...
What is Digital Literacy? A guest blog from Andy McLaughlin, University of Aberdeen
Walmart Business+ and Spark Good for Nonprofits.pdf
"Learn about all the ways Walmart supports nonprofit organizations.
You will hear from Liz Willett, the Head of Nonprofits, and hear about what Walmart is doing to help nonprofits, including Walmart Business and Spark Good. Walmart Business+ is a new offer for nonprofits that offers discounts and also streamlines nonprofits order and expense tracking, saving time and money.
The webinar may also give some examples on how nonprofits can best leverage Walmart Business+.
The event will cover the following::
Walmart Business + (https://business.walmart.com/plus) is a new shopping experience for nonprofits, schools, and local business customers that connects an exclusive online shopping experience to stores. Benefits include free delivery and shipping, a 'Spend Analytics” feature, special discounts, deals and tax-exempt shopping.
Special TechSoup offer for a free 180 days membership, and up to $150 in discounts on eligible orders.
Spark Good (walmart.com/sparkgood) is a charitable platform that enables nonprofits to receive donations directly from customers and associates.
Answers about how you can do more with Walmart!"
How to Build a Module in Odoo 17 Using the Scaffold Method
Odoo provides an option for creating a module by using a single line command. By using this command the user can make a whole structure of a module. It is very easy for a beginner to make a module. There is no need to make each file manually. This slide will show how to create a module using the scaffold method.
Recently uploaded (20)
How to Setup Warehouse & Location in Odoo 17 Inventory
How to Setup Warehouse & Location in Odoo 17 Inventory
South African Journal of Science: Writing with integrity workshop (2024)
South African Journal of Science: Writing with integrity workshop (2024)
BÀI TẬP BỔ TRỢ TIẾNG ANH 8 CẢ NĂM - GLOBAL SUCCESS - NĂM HỌC 2023-2024 (CÓ FI...
BÀI TẬP BỔ TRỢ TIẾNG ANH 8 CẢ NĂM - GLOBAL SUCCESS - NĂM HỌC 2023-2024 (CÓ FI...
RPMS TEMPLATE FOR SCHOOL YEAR 2023-2024 FOR TEACHER 1 TO TEACHER 3
RPMS TEMPLATE FOR SCHOOL YEAR 2023-2024 FOR TEACHER 1 TO TEACHER 3
Your Skill Boost Masterclass: Strategies for Effective Upskilling
Your Skill Boost Masterclass: Strategies for Effective Upskilling
What is Digital Literacy? A guest blog from Andy McLaughlin, University of Ab...
What is Digital Literacy? A guest blog from Andy McLaughlin, University of Ab...
Walmart Business+ and Spark Good for Nonprofits.pdf
Walmart Business+ and Spark Good for Nonprofits.pdf
Digital Artefact 1 - Tiny Home Environmental Design
Digital Artefact 1 - Tiny Home Environmental Design
Pride Month Slides 2024 David Douglas School District
Pride Month Slides 2024 David Douglas School District
Liberal Approach to the Study of Indian Politics.pdf
Liberal Approach to the Study of Indian Politics.pdf
How to Build a Module in Odoo 17 Using the Scaffold Method
How to Build a Module in Odoo 17 Using the Scaffold Method
Introduction to CJ
- 1. Introduction to the Criminal Justice System in the U.S. September 10th, 2013 SWBAT: Identify the three components of the criminal justice system and justify the need for each.
- 2. WHAT MAKES UP THE CRIMINAL JUSTICE SYSTEM? -THERE ARE 3 COMPONENTS THAT COMPRISE THE CRIMINAL JUSTICE SYSTEM: •THE POLICE (LAW ENFORCEMENT AGENCIES) •THE COURTS •CORRECTIONS
- 4. WHO ARE THE POLICE? -IN THE UNITED STATES, THERE ARE MORE THAN 17,000 LAW ENFORCEMENT AGENCIES, BUT ALL THE AGENCIES FALL UNDER 1 OF 3 CATEGORIES: •FEDERAL •STATE •LOCAL
- 5. BASIC RESPONSIBILITIES OF POLICE WHILE THE POLICE HAVE MANY RESPONSIBILITIES, THE FOUR MAIN DUTIES ARE: •KEEPING THE PEACE •APPREHEND VIOLATORS AND COMBAT CRIME •PREVENT CRIME •PROVIDE SOCIAL SERVICES
- 6. WHO ARE THE POLICE? -BELOW ARE EXAMPLES OF FEDERAL LAW ENFORCEMENT AGENCIES •FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATIONS (FBI) •COUNTER INTELLIGENCE AGENCY (CIA) •DRUG ENFORCEMENT AGENCY (DEA) •US MARSHALS SERVICE (USMS) •BUREAU OF ALCOHOL, TOBACCO, FIREARMS AND EXPLOSIVES (ATF) •US CUSTOMS AND BORDER PATROL
- 7. WHO ARE THE POLICE? -BELOW ARE EXAMPLES OF NEW YORK STATE LAW ENFORCEMENT AGENCIES: •NY STATE TROOPERS •NY STATE COURT OFFICERS •NY STATE PARK POLICE •NY STATE DEPARTMENT OF CORRECTIONS •NY DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONSERVATION •STATE UNIVERSITY OF NY (SUNY) POLICE
- 8. WHO ARE THE POLICE? -BELOW ARE EXAMPLES OF NEW YORK CITY (LOCAL) LAW ENFORCEMENT AGENCIES: •NYC POLICE (NYPD) •NYC SHERIFF’S OFFICE •NYC DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION POLICE •NYC DEPARTMENT OF PROBATION •NYC FIRE MARSHALS
- 9. THE COURT SYSTEM -THE UNITED STATES HAS A DUAL COURT SYSTEM: •NATIONAL COURT SYSTEM •STATE COURT SYSTEM •INCLUDES LOCAL (CITY AND COUNTY) COURTS •COURTS ARE RESPONSIBLE FOR ADJUDICATION: DETERMING THE GUILT OR INNOCENCE OF A DEFENDANT
- 10. FUNCTION OF THE COURTS THE COURTS HAVE TWO MAIN RESPONSIBILITIES: •ADJUDICATION: DETERMINING WHETHER OR NOT A DEFENDANT IS GUILTY •SENTENCING: COURTS MUST IMPOSE PUNISHMENTS THAT ARE APPROPRIATE TO THE BEHAVIOR BEING PUNISHED
- 11. THE FEDERAL COURTS -THE FEDERAL COURT SYSTEM INCLUDES THE FOLLOWING: •U.S. SUPREME COURT •U.S. COURT OF APPEALS •U.S. DISTRICT COURT •U.S. BANKRUPTCY COURT •U.S. COURT OF SPECIAL JURISDICTION
- 12. NEW YORK STATE COURTS -THENEW YORK STATE COURT SYSTEM INCLUDES THE FOLLOWING: •NYS SUPREME COURT •NYS COURT OF CLAIMS •NYS COURT OF APPEALS •NYS FAMILY COURT •NYS SURROGATE’S COURT
- 13. NEW YORK STATE COURTS -THENEW YORK CITY (LOCAL) COURT SYSTEM INCLUDES THE FOLLOWING: •NYC CIVIL COURT •NYC CRIMINAL COURT •NYC FAMILY COURT •NYC SURROGATE’S COURT •TRAFFIC VIOLATIONS BUREAU
- 14. NEW YORK STATE COURTS -THENEW YORK CITY (LOCAL) COURT SYSTEM INCLUDES THE FOLLOWING: •NYC CIVIL COURT •NYC CRIMINAL COURT •NYC FAMILY COURT •NYC SURROGATE’S COURT •TRAFFIC VIOLATIONS BUREAU
- 15. CORRECTIONS -LIKE LAW ENFORCEMENT AGENCIES, CORRECTIONAL AGENCIES ARE DIVIDED INTO 3 COMPONENTS: •FEDERAL •STATE •LOCAL
- 16. FEDERAL CORRECTIONAL AGENCIES -THE FEDERAL BUREAU OF PRISONS OVERSEES THE FOLLOWING OPERATIONS: •119 FEDERAL PRISONS •22 RESIDENTIAL REENTRY OFFICES •FEDERAL PROBATION AND PAROLE OFFICERS
- 17. NEW YORK STATE CORRECTIONS -NYSDOCCS OVERSEES THE CORRECTIONAL PROCESS IN NEW YORK STATE •70 CORRECTIONAL FACILITIES •1 DRUG TREATMENT FACILITY •DIVISION OF PAROLE
- 18. -NYC DEPARTMENT OF CORRECTIONS (DOC) OVERSEES THE OPERATION OF: •10 MAJOR JAILS ON RIKER’S ISLAND •4 BOROUGH DETENTION CENTERS •2 HOSPITAL PRISON WARDS •NYC DEPARTMENT OF PROBATION NEW YORK CITY CORRECTIONS