Civil engineering involves applying scientific principles to improve infrastructure and quality of life. Civil engineers design and build structures like buildings, bridges, roads, and water treatment systems to be safe, functional, and cost-effective. Their work in areas like transportation, environmental protection, and water resources management is needed to support sustainable development and economic growth. Civil engineering specializations include structural, geotechnical, transportation, environmental, and water resources engineering. Major projects require engineers to solve complex challenges, working at the forefront of technology and design.