This document discusses carbon dioxide removal as a means of addressing climate change. It notes that all pathways to limiting global warming to 1.5°C involve the use of carbon dioxide removal techniques to compensate for remaining emissions and achieve net negative emissions. Specifically, it will require removing 100-1000 gigatons of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere this century. However, large-scale deployment of carbon dioxide removal poses feasibility and sustainability challenges. Near-term emissions reductions can help limit required removal to a few hundred gigatons without relying heavily on bioenergy with carbon capture and storage. The document outlines natural carbon dioxide removal methods like afforestation as well as technological approaches.

1. Carbon Dioxide Removal
Introducing our Case Study
Prof. Adam Briggle | UNT Spring ‘21
Modern Philosophy and Social and Political Philosophy

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9. Source: https://www.climate-kic.org/opinion/innovating-in-complexity/
Climate change is not an ‘issue’ that we can locate – it is a web;
it is a condition of life in the 21st century. Challenges our categories.

10. 1.2 Billion
people
328 Million
people

12. A problem formulation from the UNFCCC
Goal: The “stabilization of greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere at a level that would
prevent dangerous anthropogenic interference* with the climate system.”
Trends: The Keeling curve and CO2 emissions
Conditioning factors:
i. Direct = fossil fuel consumption and industrial agriculture/deforestation
ii. Indirect = a production/consumption/growth way of being in the world
Projections: Current policies are likely insufficient and we may have already lost our chance to
achieve the 1.5 oC target
Alternatives: *Lots of debate. Basically, we need to decarbonize energy and agriculture systems
rapidly. But can a massive “energy transition” happen fast?

14. Human impacts
on climate
The climate
system
Climate impacts
on humans
Adaptation
Geoengineering
Mitigation
Renewable energy
Carbon taxes
Cap/Trade
Standards and Investments
Fracking bans
Incentives
etc.
Solar radiation management
surface
upper atmosphere
space
Carbon Dioxide Removal
BECCS
Afforestation
Ocean fertilization
Direct air capture
Infrastructure
Insurance
Capacity building
poverty reduction
Agricultural practices
traditional
genetic engineering
Ecological restoration
Etc.

15.  https://twitter.com/i/status/1205449629527166976
Three options:
1. Put on your boots (adaptation)
2. Turn off the spigot (mitigation)
3. Drill a hole in the bottom of the
bucket (CDR) (negative emissions)

16.  C.3. All pathways that limit global warming to 1.5°C with limited or
no overshoot project the use of carbon dioxide removal (CDR) on
the order of 100–1000 GtCO2 over the 21st century. CDR would be
used to compensate for residual emissions and, in most cases,
achieve net negative emissions to return global warming to 1.5°C
following a peak (high confidence). CDR deployment of several
hundreds of GtCO2 is subject to multiple feasibility and
sustainability constraints (high confidence). Significant near-term
emissions reductions and measures to lower energy and land
demand can limit CDR deployment to a few hundred GtCO2 without
reliance on bioenergy with carbon capture and storage (BECCS)
(high confidence). {2.3, 2.4, 3.6.2, 4.3, 5.4}

17. Two kinds of CDR
1. Natural:
1. Afforestation
2. Reforestation
2. Technological
See image 