Climate Change, Global Warming and kyoto protocol, iraq ratification status

1. Climate Change
&
Global Warming
Ahmed Farid
MdOC

2. Climate Change & Global Warming
INTRO
No doubt that the climate
change and the global warming
is the most complicated issue
facing the world.

3. Climate Change & Global Warming
I P C C
Report
After the 1st. Report of IPCC 1990
(Intergovernmental panel on Climate
Change) which affirm that the
accumulation of Greenhouse Gases
(GHGs) CO2, CH4, N2O, HFCs,
PFCs, and SF6 produced from
Anthropogenic Activities cause
Greenhouse Effect after the Industrial
Revolution.

4. Climate Change & Global Warming
Greenhouse
Effect
Greenhouse gases in the
atmosphere act like a mirror
and reflect back to the Earth
a part of the heat radiation.
The higher the
concentration of green
house gases the more heat
energy is being reflected
back to the Earth.

5. Climate Change & Global Warming
G l o b a l
Warming
Definition:
An increase in the earth’s
average atmospheric
Temperature that cause
corresponding changes in
climate and that result from
the Greenhouse effect.

6. Climate Change & Global Warming
Effects of
G l o b a l
Wa r m i n g
•The Earth's average
temperature rose about 0.6°
Celsius in the 20th century.
•Sea levels are rising due to
thermal expansion of the
ocean, in addition to melting of
land ice.

8. increase in temperature in the last two centuries.

10. United Nations Framework Convention
on Climate Change

11. A global legal instrument on the
control and management of
greenhouse gases (GHGs) not
controlled by the Montreal
Protocol.
D E F .

12. Adopted in 1992, Rio de Janeiro
Entered into force in 1994,
Adoption

13. Stabilization of GHG emissions at a
level that would prevent dangerous
anthropogenic interference with the
climate system
A i m

14. Principle of
“Common but differentiated
responsibilities”
Principle

15. G r i d

16. P a r t i e s

18. Kyoto Protocol:
Is an international agreement
linked to the UNFCCC,
which commits its Parties by
setting internationally binding
emission reduction targets.

19. Adopted in 1997 Kyoto,
JAPAN.
Entered into force 2005.

20. Target: An overall reduction of
GHG emissions by at least 5%
below 1990 levels in the First
Commitment Period 2008 –
2012, and reduction of GHG
emissions by at least 18
percent below 1990 levels in
the Second Commitment
Period 2013 – 2020

21. There are currently
192 Parties.

22. Kyoto Protocol
Implementation Mechanisms
• Joint Implementation
– activities implemented jointly between
developed/EIT country Parties.
• Emissions trading
– can be used as supplementary to actions to
meet reduction commitments.
• Clean Development Mechanism (CDM)
– developing country Parties can volunteer to
reduce emissions via joint activities with
developed Parties.

24. Iraq Ratification Status
• Climate Change Convention:
Date of ratification: 28 July 2009
Date of entry into force: 26 October 2009
• Kyoto Protocol:
Date of ratification: 28 July 2009
Date of entry into force: 26 October 2009

26. D e c i s i o n s :
•stabilization of greenhouse gas concentrations in the
atmosphere.
•Establishment of an Ad Hoc Working Group.
•mechanism for loss and damage associated with
climate
•Encourages all Parties to the Kyoto Protocol to ratify
and implement the Doha Amendment to the Kyoto
Protocol
•Call for acceleration of the full implementation of the
decisions constituting
•Decides to continue the technical examination of
opportunities with high mitigation potential, including
those with adaptation, health and sustainable
development co-benefits, in the period 2015–2020.

29. Reduce, Reuse, Recycle
reduce waste by choosing reusable products instead of
disposables. Buying products with minimal packaging will
save more than 100 kg of CO2)

30. U s e L e s s H e a t a n d
A i r C o n d i t i o n i n g
Setting your thermostat just 2 degrees lower in winter and
higher in summer could save about 1000 kg of CO2 each
year.

31. Replace Your Light Bulbs
replace regular light bulbs with compact fluorescent
light (CFL) bulbs

32. Drive Less and Drive Smart
Less driving and use public transportation means fewer
emissions. Besides saving gasoline

33. Buy Energy-Efficient Products
Use energy-efficient models, If you reduce your
household garbage by 10 percent, you can save
more than 500 kg of carbon dioxide annually.

34. Use Less Hot Water
Less hot water less energy required to produce it,
and will save more than 200 kg of CO2

35. Use the "Off" Switch
Save electricity and reduce global warming

36. P l a n t a Tr e e
trees and other plants absorb carbon dioxide
and give off oxygen

37. Encourage Others to Conserve
Share information about recycling and energy
conservation with your friends, neighbors and co-workers