This document provides an overview of AJAX (Asynchronous JavaScript and XML). It defines AJAX as a group of interrelated web development techniques used to create asynchronous web applications. The core components of AJAX are HTML, CSS, JavaScript, DOM and XMLHttpRequest. AJAX allows for updating parts of a web page without reloading the entire page, improving the user experience. Some benefits of AJAX include building fast, dynamic websites, improving resource sharing, and reducing server loads.

1. Welcome to One & All
Seminar on
AJAX
15BD1D1519 K. Gnaneshwar

2. About AJAX
AJAX short for Asynchronous JavaScript and XML .
 Ajax is a new way to use the existing standards in a better
way.
 It is a group of interrelated Web development techniques used
on the client-side to create asynchronous Web applications.
Ajax is a type of java script code that allows to update the users
page of users view without having to refresh the whole page.
With Ajax, web applications can send data to and retrieve from
a server asynchronously (in the background) without interfering
with the display and behavior of the existing page.

3. • The term AJAX is coined on February 18, 2005,
by Jesse James Garret in a short essay
published a few days after Google released its
Maps application.
• Finally, in the year 2006, the W3C (World Wide
Web Consortium) announces the release of the first
draft which includes the specification for the object
(XHR) and makes it an official web standard.
Evolution of AJAX

4. The Core Components
• HTML & CSS - for presenting.
• JavaScript - for local processing.
• Document Object Model (DOM) – to access data
inside the page or to access elements of an XML file
on the server.
• XMLHttpRequest object – to read/send data to the
server asynchronously.

5. The Process cycle

6. Why Ajax is important ?
 AJAX enables a much better user experience for Web sites and
applications.
 These benefits have been shown to dramatically reduce software
maintenance costs and increase its reach.
 You can use AJAX to load specific portions of a page that need
to be changed.
 It further reduces network traffic.
 Google Maps is one well-known application that uses Ajax. The
interface allows the user to change views and manipulate the
map in real time.

7. Back then :
Click
Search

8. And you get this :

9. These days :

12.  When you move the mouse over one of the images on this
page, the application fetches text for that mouseover by using
Ajax.
Interactive Mouse-overs

13. A few status values
Status Description
200 OK
400 Bad Request
404 File Not Found
500 Internal Server Error
505 HTTP version not supported

14. Benefits of using Ajax
• Helps to build fast, dynamic websites.
• Improves sharing of resources : it facilitates to use the
power of all the client computers rather than just a
unique server and network.
• Ajax allows to perform processing on client computer
(in JavaScript) with data taken from the server thereby
reducing server load by moving a part of server
functionality to client side.
• Ajax can selectively modify a part of a page displayed by
the browser, and update it without the need to reload
the whole document with all images, menus etc.

15. A Few Drawbacks
• If JavaScript is not activated, Ajax can't works. The user
must be asked to set JavaScript from within options of
the browser, with the "noscript" tag.
• Since data to display are loaded dynamically, they are
not part of the page, and the keywords inside are not
viewed by search engines.
• The asynchronous mode may change the page with
delays (when the processing on the server takes more
time), this may be disturbing.
• The back button may be deactivated.