RDA is a new metadata standard that replaces AACR2. It aims to better support resource discovery and use of metadata in web and linked data environments. Some key changes in RDA include closer alignment with FRBR and FRAD conceptual models, a focus on recording attributes and relationships of bibliographic entities as entities, attributes, and relationships, and a consistent emphasis on the needs of users in how data is recorded.
RDA (Resource Description and Access) is a new standard for describing library resources, designed to replace AACR2. Library staff, including public services, systems personnel, and catalogers, may have heard mention of RDA but not know much about it or how it will change their daily work. You may have many questions. What is RDA? We'll give a very little bit of history and theoretical background. What is this going to mean for catalogers, ILS managers, and users in the near term? What are the future implications, or, why are we doing this? What are the juicy bits of controversy in cataloger-land? And finally, Do we HAVE to? We'll talk for a while, have some activities that get you thinking, and find out your thoughts on RDA.
Presented at "Captains & Crew Collaborating," the 8th annual paraprofessional conference at J.Y. Joyner Library, East Carolina University.
The Why, What, How and When of RDA: the current state of playAnn Chapman
Presentation given as part of the CILIP Executive Briefing on RDA on 23 March 2010 at CILIP HQ, London, and on 30 March 2010 at the Bloomsbury Hotel, London.
RDA (Resource Description and Access) is a new standard for describing library resources, designed to replace AACR2. Library staff, including public services, systems personnel, and catalogers, may have heard mention of RDA but not know much about it or how it will change their daily work. You may have many questions. What is RDA? We'll give a very little bit of history and theoretical background. What is this going to mean for catalogers, ILS managers, and users in the near term? What are the future implications, or, why are we doing this? What are the juicy bits of controversy in cataloger-land? And finally, Do we HAVE to? We'll talk for a while, have some activities that get you thinking, and find out your thoughts on RDA.
Presented at "Captains & Crew Collaborating," the 8th annual paraprofessional conference at J.Y. Joyner Library, East Carolina University.
The Why, What, How and When of RDA: the current state of playAnn Chapman
Presentation given as part of the CILIP Executive Briefing on RDA on 23 March 2010 at CILIP HQ, London, and on 30 March 2010 at the Bloomsbury Hotel, London.
The tools of our trade: AACR2/RDA and MARCAnn Chapman
Guest lecture at London Metropolitan University on 13th March 2009. The lecture covered the history behind RDA, the international collaborative process by which it is being developed, an overview of the text and a look at the RDA approach to cataloguing; this was followed by an overview of the history and development process for the MARC format.
ALA Digital Reference Publisher Troy Linker joined Amigos Library Services at "RDA @ Your Library: An Online Conference about Resource Description and Access" in early February to present "AACR2 to RDA: Using the RDA Toolkit." He offered background and tips for making a successful transition from AACR2 to RDA and how the RDA Toolkit can help
This is a short (1.5 hour) presentation for support staff about RDA and the do's and don'ts of editing bibliographic records in MARC format. Covers background material on RDA, identifying RDA records vs AACR2 records, changes to records and cataloging practices due to RDA (fields, vocabularies, terms, etc.), hybrid AACR2/RDA records, and the basic rules of editing (both general and for specific fields).
This is intended to be a two day workshop on RDA for individuals experienced with cataloging and MARC. This workshop will explore RDA with a specific focus on theories, practicalities, authority work, change highlights, and hands on cataloging. Formats covered will include monographs, serials, audio/visual materials, and online resources (integrating and monographs). The workshop will take the student through understanding the theories behind RDA and then cataloging by RDA standards.
This talk looks at RDA specifically from the prospective of practical implementation within MARC21 and describes how user can utilize two tools, the RDA Helper and Task Automation, to build automated processes to facilitate the shifting of data from AACR2 to RDA.
RDA, AACR2 and You: Your Thoughts - E. SanchezElaine Sanchez
The original text and data for this slideshow, presented Feb. 4, 2011 at the Amigos' RDA@Your Library webinar, are found in a chapter of a book that I edited, published December 2010 by Libraries Unlimited, c2011, ABC-CLIO. The book is titled: Conversations with Catalogers in the 21st Century. Many of the images in the presentation, and all of the data, have been extracted from the original survey results available on SurveyMonkey.com. My hope for this survey was not only that it would show a snapshot of respondents feelings and knowledge regarding RDA’s structure and implementation, but that it also might serve as an image of the feelings and observations of the larger cataloging world regarding RDA and AACR2. I wondered what you were thinking, and I wanted to share your thoughts with the powers that be and the cataloging world. My presentation only shows an analysis of the overall data for all types of libraries. It does not provide for any analysis of individual library types, such as K-12 Libraries, or cataloging vendors, for example. SurveyMonkey does have a data analysis component called a filter, which lets you to look for specific data or patterns within the results, so that you can build queries that allow you to analyze various subsets of your overall data. If you are interested, I would like for you to use and analyze the original survey data, to help in the process of RDA and AACR2 understanding. Therefore, I have made the data available for your review and filtering, down to the individual response level. I also have created a spreadsheet of the same data for you to manipulate and sort to your heart’s content. The link to the survey data and the spreadsheet is at the end of this presentation.
Open data is a crucial prerequisite for inventing and disseminating the innovative practices needed for agricultural development. To be usable, data must not just be open in principle—i.e., covered by licenses that allow re-use. Data must also be published in a technical form that allows it to be integrated into a wide range of applications. The webinar will be of interest to any institution seeking ways to publish and curate data in the Linked Data cloud.
This webinar describes the technical solutions adopted by a widely diverse global network of agricultural research institutes for publishing research results. The talk focuses on AGRIS, a central and widely-used resource linking agricultural datasets for easy consumption, and AgriDrupal, an adaptation of the popular, open-source content management system Drupal optimized for producing and consuming linked datasets.
Agricultural research institutes in developing countries share many of the constraints faced by libraries and other documentation centers, and not just in developing countries: institutions are expected to expose their information on the Web in a re-usable form with shoestring budgets and with technical staff working in local languages and continually lured by higher-paying work in the private sector. Technical solutions must be easy to adopt and freely available.
This is intended to be a two day workshop on RDA. This workshop will explore RDA with a specific focus on theories, practicalities, authority work and hands on cataloging. The workshop will take the student through understanding the theories behind RDA and then cataloging by RDA standards.
The tools of our trade: AACR2/RDA and MARCAnn Chapman
Guest lecture at London Metropolitan University on 13th March 2009. The lecture covered the history behind RDA, the international collaborative process by which it is being developed, an overview of the text and a look at the RDA approach to cataloguing; this was followed by an overview of the history and development process for the MARC format.
ALA Digital Reference Publisher Troy Linker joined Amigos Library Services at "RDA @ Your Library: An Online Conference about Resource Description and Access" in early February to present "AACR2 to RDA: Using the RDA Toolkit." He offered background and tips for making a successful transition from AACR2 to RDA and how the RDA Toolkit can help
This is a short (1.5 hour) presentation for support staff about RDA and the do's and don'ts of editing bibliographic records in MARC format. Covers background material on RDA, identifying RDA records vs AACR2 records, changes to records and cataloging practices due to RDA (fields, vocabularies, terms, etc.), hybrid AACR2/RDA records, and the basic rules of editing (both general and for specific fields).
This is intended to be a two day workshop on RDA for individuals experienced with cataloging and MARC. This workshop will explore RDA with a specific focus on theories, practicalities, authority work, change highlights, and hands on cataloging. Formats covered will include monographs, serials, audio/visual materials, and online resources (integrating and monographs). The workshop will take the student through understanding the theories behind RDA and then cataloging by RDA standards.
This talk looks at RDA specifically from the prospective of practical implementation within MARC21 and describes how user can utilize two tools, the RDA Helper and Task Automation, to build automated processes to facilitate the shifting of data from AACR2 to RDA.
RDA, AACR2 and You: Your Thoughts - E. SanchezElaine Sanchez
The original text and data for this slideshow, presented Feb. 4, 2011 at the Amigos' RDA@Your Library webinar, are found in a chapter of a book that I edited, published December 2010 by Libraries Unlimited, c2011, ABC-CLIO. The book is titled: Conversations with Catalogers in the 21st Century. Many of the images in the presentation, and all of the data, have been extracted from the original survey results available on SurveyMonkey.com. My hope for this survey was not only that it would show a snapshot of respondents feelings and knowledge regarding RDA’s structure and implementation, but that it also might serve as an image of the feelings and observations of the larger cataloging world regarding RDA and AACR2. I wondered what you were thinking, and I wanted to share your thoughts with the powers that be and the cataloging world. My presentation only shows an analysis of the overall data for all types of libraries. It does not provide for any analysis of individual library types, such as K-12 Libraries, or cataloging vendors, for example. SurveyMonkey does have a data analysis component called a filter, which lets you to look for specific data or patterns within the results, so that you can build queries that allow you to analyze various subsets of your overall data. If you are interested, I would like for you to use and analyze the original survey data, to help in the process of RDA and AACR2 understanding. Therefore, I have made the data available for your review and filtering, down to the individual response level. I also have created a spreadsheet of the same data for you to manipulate and sort to your heart’s content. The link to the survey data and the spreadsheet is at the end of this presentation.
Open data is a crucial prerequisite for inventing and disseminating the innovative practices needed for agricultural development. To be usable, data must not just be open in principle—i.e., covered by licenses that allow re-use. Data must also be published in a technical form that allows it to be integrated into a wide range of applications. The webinar will be of interest to any institution seeking ways to publish and curate data in the Linked Data cloud.
This webinar describes the technical solutions adopted by a widely diverse global network of agricultural research institutes for publishing research results. The talk focuses on AGRIS, a central and widely-used resource linking agricultural datasets for easy consumption, and AgriDrupal, an adaptation of the popular, open-source content management system Drupal optimized for producing and consuming linked datasets.
Agricultural research institutes in developing countries share many of the constraints faced by libraries and other documentation centers, and not just in developing countries: institutions are expected to expose their information on the Web in a re-usable form with shoestring budgets and with technical staff working in local languages and continually lured by higher-paying work in the private sector. Technical solutions must be easy to adopt and freely available.
This is intended to be a two day workshop on RDA. This workshop will explore RDA with a specific focus on theories, practicalities, authority work and hands on cataloging. The workshop will take the student through understanding the theories behind RDA and then cataloging by RDA standards.
RDA and serials: Theoretical and practical applications. PreconferenceNASIG
Content of the workshop will include discussion of RDA instructions used in the cataloging of serials; identification of RDA elements applicable to the FRBR entities work, expression, manifestation, and item; identification of roles played by persons, families, and corporate bodies in connection with serials; and creation of records for different categories of serials.
Presenter: Judith Kuhagen
Publishing the British National Bibliography as Linked Open Data / Corine Del...CIGScotland
Presented at Linked Open Data: current practice in libraries and archives (Cataloguing & Indexing Group in Scotlland 3rd Linked Open Data Conference), Edinburgh, 18 Nov 2013
This workshop provides the basic principles of serials cataloging using RDA and MARC 21 applicable to both original and copy cataloging. The workshop focuses on applying CONSER RDA core elements for serials.
The workshop materials are based on RDA instructions, LC-PCC Policy Statements, and guidelines documented in the CONSER Cataloging Manual for identifying works and expressions, recording attributes of resources, and completing a description of a serial resource. The workshop will cover several aspects of CONSER’s implementation of RDA in the MARC 21 environment, including practices for coding the MARC field 246 for variant titles, fixed fields, and use of relationship designators to record relationships between resources.
Depending on the needs and interests of participants, the presenters will make available online introductory sessions to cover the basics of Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records, RDA Toolkit, and the MARC 21 format for bibliographic data as prerequisites to the workshop.
The course is designed for those new to serials: beginning serials catalogers and technicians and monograph catalogers working with serials. Experienced AACR2 serials catalogers wishing to make the transition to RDA are welcome to take this course as a primer to RDA serial cataloging.
Les Hawkins
CONSER Coordinator, Library of Congress
Les Hawkins has been coordinator of the CONSER program at the Library of Congress (LC) since 2003. CONSER is the Cooperative Serials Program of the Program for Cooperative Cataloging (PCC), an authoritative source for bibliographic records, documentation, and training materials for serials cataloging. Les has been involved with RDA course development and instruction for Library of Congress catalogers as well as RDA serials bridge training for LC and CONSER serials catalogers. His current activities include participating as an editor of the CONSER Cataloging Manual being revised for RDA. Les received the 2014 Ulrich's Serials Librarianship Award, presented by the Continuing Resources Section (CRS) of ALCTS.
A review of the growth of the Israel Genealogy Research Association Database Collection for the last 12 months. Our collection is now passed the 3 million mark and still growing. See which archives have contributed the most. See the different types of records we have, and which years have had records added. You can also see what we have for the future.
Delivering Micro-Credentials in Technical and Vocational Education and TrainingAG2 Design
Explore how micro-credentials are transforming Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET) with this comprehensive slide deck. Discover what micro-credentials are, their importance in TVET, the advantages they offer, and the insights from industry experts. Additionally, learn about the top software applications available for creating and managing micro-credentials. This presentation also includes valuable resources and a discussion on the future of these specialised certifications.
For more detailed information on delivering micro-credentials in TVET, visit this https://tvettrainer.com/delivering-micro-credentials-in-tvet/
A workshop hosted by the South African Journal of Science aimed at postgraduate students and early career researchers with little or no experience in writing and publishing journal articles.
This slide is special for master students (MIBS & MIFB) in UUM. Also useful for readers who are interested in the topic of contemporary Islamic banking.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty, In...Dr. Vinod Kumar Kanvaria
Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty,
International FDP on Fundamentals of Research in Social Sciences
at Integral University, Lucknow, 06.06.2024
By Dr. Vinod Kumar Kanvaria
Biological screening of herbal drugs: Introduction and Need for
Phyto-Pharmacological Screening, New Strategies for evaluating
Natural Products, In vitro evaluation techniques for Antioxidants, Antimicrobial and Anticancer drugs. In vivo evaluation techniques
for Anti-inflammatory, Antiulcer, Anticancer, Wound healing, Antidiabetic, Hepatoprotective, Cardio protective, Diuretics and
Antifertility, Toxicity studies as per OECD guidelines
June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...Levi Shapiro
Letter from the Congress of the United States regarding Anti-Semitism sent June 3rd to MIT President Sally Kornbluth, MIT Corp Chair, Mark Gorenberg
Dear Dr. Kornbluth and Mr. Gorenberg,
The US House of Representatives is deeply concerned by ongoing and pervasive acts of antisemitic
harassment and intimidation at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Failing to act decisively to ensure a safe learning environment for all students would be a grave dereliction of your responsibilities as President of MIT and Chair of the MIT Corporation.
This Congress will not stand idly by and allow an environment hostile to Jewish students to persist. The House believes that your institution is in violation of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, and the inability or
unwillingness to rectify this violation through action requires accountability.
Postsecondary education is a unique opportunity for students to learn and have their ideas and beliefs challenged. However, universities receiving hundreds of millions of federal funds annually have denied
students that opportunity and have been hijacked to become venues for the promotion of terrorism, antisemitic harassment and intimidation, unlawful encampments, and in some cases, assaults and riots.
The House of Representatives will not countenance the use of federal funds to indoctrinate students into hateful, antisemitic, anti-American supporters of terrorism. Investigations into campus antisemitism by the Committee on Education and the Workforce and the Committee on Ways and Means have been expanded into a Congress-wide probe across all relevant jurisdictions to address this national crisis. The undersigned Committees will conduct oversight into the use of federal funds at MIT and its learning environment under authorities granted to each Committee.
• The Committee on Education and the Workforce has been investigating your institution since December 7, 2023. The Committee has broad jurisdiction over postsecondary education, including its compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, campus safety concerns over disruptions to the learning environment, and the awarding of federal student aid under the Higher Education Act.
• The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is investigating the sources of funding and other support flowing to groups espousing pro-Hamas propaganda and engaged in antisemitic harassment and intimidation of students. The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is the principal oversight committee of the US House of Representatives and has broad authority to investigate “any matter” at “any time” under House Rule X.
• The Committee on Ways and Means has been investigating several universities since November 15, 2023, when the Committee held a hearing entitled From Ivory Towers to Dark Corners: Investigating the Nexus Between Antisemitism, Tax-Exempt Universities, and Terror Financing. The Committee followed the hearing with letters to those institutions on January 10, 202
How to Add Chatter in the odoo 17 ERP ModuleCeline George
In Odoo, the chatter is like a chat tool that helps you work together on records. You can leave notes and track things, making it easier to talk with your team and partners. Inside chatter, all communication history, activity, and changes will be displayed.
2. What is RDA?
RDA = Resource Description and Access
• new metadata standard replaces AACR2
• set of practical instructions
objectives:
• to record better metadata to support better resource
discovery
• to record data that can be used in the web and linked data
environment
2
3. Plan
not a training session
aim: overview of RDA
understand some of the background and the key
concepts --- to make training sessions easier
1. RDA implementation
2. key concepts and their visible impact on RDA
a) theoretical framework
b) objectives and principles
c) focus on the user
d) content standard
e) bibliographic information as data
3
5. AACR2
successful standard
adopted by many countries
in use for many years
but
problems with AACR2
for example:
• written for card catalogues
• inadequate rules to describe new types of resources
• inconsistencies
• library specific
5
6. Timeline
1997 problems identified:
International Conference on the Principles &
Future Development of AACR, Toronto, Ontario
1998-2004 revisions to AACR2
2004 AACR3
2005 new standard: Resource Description and Access
2009 RDA text completed
2010 RDA text + software – standard is a web tool
2010-2013 laying the groundwork for implementation
6
7. U.S. testing of RDA
October 1st, 2010
• US test begins
• RDA records start to appear in OCLC
• the other author countries – Australia, Canada and Great
Britain – delay implementation while U.S. completed its testing
process
January 1st, 2011
• all testers supposed to return to using AACR2
but
• some decide to continue using RDA
7
8. Implementation dates announced
March 2012:
Library of Congress
LC’s official implementation date: March 31, 2013
Program for Cooperative Cataloging
Day 1 for the NACO Authority File: March 31, 2013
8
9. Implementation dates announced
other national libraries also implementing in 2013:
National Agricultural Library
National Library of Medicine
British Library
Library and Archives Canada
National Library of Australia
Deutsche Nationalbibliothek
and more: National Library of New Zealand
National Library of the Philippines
...
9
10. Interest in RDA
• translation projects: German completed
French completed
Spanish
Chinese (Mandarin)
Who is interested in implementing RDA?
• libraries that used AACR2
• national libraries in countries that had their own
descriptive standards
10
11. What happened on March 31, 2013?
• all new authority records contributed to LC/NACO authority file
= RDA
• all records coded pcc = all RDA access points
all records coded pcc whether:
• RDA description
or
• AACR2 description
• LC completed training for all its cataloging staff and all LC
records are only RDA records
11
12. Did I miss implementation?
1) day 1 is important for a sharing data environment:
PCC: declares day 1 for contributing to NACO authorities
LC: declares day 1 for its own cataloguing operations
2) some institutions never switched back after the test
3) each institution decides on day 1 for its original bibliographic
data
12
13. March 31, 2013 onwards
• landscape is now changing quickly
• rapid rise in number of RDA bibliographic records
• changes in NACO authority file
implications if use NACO authority records
implications for copy cataloging
• different institutions will make the transition at different
speeds
13
14. Transition in phases
Phase 1: emphasis on continuity
RDA data in MARC 21
RDA and AACR records in one catalogue
still use bibliographic and authority records
some new fields
some changed instructions
some new instructions
BUT
>>> thinking about bibliographic information differently
14
15. Phase 1 = starting down new track
RDA
• moves us to a new track
• starts us on a promising
track for the future use of
our metadata
• what we see in 2013 is only
the beginning
15
17. AACR2 RDA
• continue to record the title
• continue to record the statement of responsibility
• continue to record the date of publication
But …
• new vocabulary
• new way of thinking about how we do these steps
17
18. Similar, but ...
AACR2
1.2B1. Transcribe the edition statement as found on the item.
Use abbreviations as instructed in appendix B and numerals as
instructed in appendix C.
RDA
2.5.1.4. Transcribe an edition statement as it appears on the
source of information.
No instruction to abbreviate or to convert to arabic
numerals.
18
19. Similar, but ...
• serious adherence to the principle of representation
“take what you see”
t.p. data recorded
3rd ed. 3rd ed.
Second edition Second edition
19
20. Familiarity with key RDA concepts
• many of the changes trace back to the key concepts
• a useful way to grab hold of RDA
• a useful way to approach RDA implementation
20
22. RDA’s theoretical framework
• aligned with the FRBR and FRAD conceptual models
FRBR Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records
1998
FRAD Functional Requirements for Authority Data
2009
FRAD is an extension of the FRBR model
• both models developed under the auspices of IFLA
• broad base of international consensus and support
22
23. The two models
• widely used data modeling technique:
entity relationship model
• entities
• attributes
• relationships
• analyze bibliographic and authority data from the point of view
of how that data is used
23
24. RDA vocabulary from FRBR + FRAD
• user tasks
• meaning and scope of the 11 bibliographic entities
work person concept
expression family object
manifestation corporate body event
item place
• entities – attributes – relationships
24
25. Organization and Structure of RDA
RDA table of contents reflects alignment with FRBR
Section 1-4 = Recording attributes
Section 1. Recording attributes of manifestation and item
Section 2. Recording attributes of work and expression
Section 3. Recording attributes of person, family, and corporate
body
Section 4. Recording attributes of concept, object, event, and
place [placeholder]
25
26. Organization and Structure of RDA
Sections 5-10 = Recording Relationships
Section 5. Recording primary relationships between work,
expression, manifestation, and item
Section 6. Recording relationships to persons, families, and
corporate bodies associated with a resource
Section 7. Recording subject relationships [placeholder]
Section 8. Recording relationships between works, expressions,
manifestations, and items
Section 9. Recording relationships between persons, families,
and corporate bodies
Section 10. Recording relationships between concepts, objects,
events, and places [placeholder]
26
27. User tasks from FRBR + FRAD
Bibliographic data
• find
• identify
• select
• obtain
Authority data
• find
• identify
• clarify (contextualize)
• understand (justify)
27
28. Attributes
• how to record the attributes of entities (characteristics)
for example, entity = a manifestation
attributes we record: title proper
statement of responsibility
edition statement
place of publication
etc.
28
29. Relationships: links between entities
work created by person
item owned by family
manifestation produced by corporate body
work based on work
manifestation electronic reproduction manifestation
person member of family
family founded corporate body
29
30. Relationships in RDA
1. record relationship
2. specify exact nature of the relationship
for example
AACR2 name of a person ------- title of book
• type of relationship may be embedded in text of description
• bibliographic record contains name of person and title
RDA name of a person --- type of relationship --- work
• make the relationship explicit and clear
• relationship designators = controlled vocabulary
30
31. Relationship designators
• specify roles
for example cartographer
performer
broadcaster
former owner
issuing body
• specify the nature of the relationship
for example adaptation of
paraphrased as
electronic reproduction of
31
32. Relationships in RDA
examples with MARC 21 coding:
245 10 $a British Atlantic, American frontier : $b spaces of power in
early modern British America / $c Stephen J. Hornsby ; with
cartography by Michael J. Hermann.
700 1# $a Herman, Michael J., $e cartographer
245 00 $a Alice in Wonderland, or, What's a nice kid like you doing in a
place like this? /$c Hanna-Barbera Productions.
700 1# $i Parody of (work) $a Carroll, Lewis, $d 1832-1898. $t Alice's
adventures in Wonderland.
authority record
500 3# $w r $i Descendant family: $a Adams (Family)
32
33. Theoretical framework
• alignment with the FRBR and FRAD conceptual models
• bibliographic and authority data
>>> in terms of entities, attributes + relationships
• identify what is important --- how is data used
• systematic and coherent framework
>>> conceptual clarity
>>> logical consistency
>>> reference point for further development
33
34. Why are the models important?
broad international support for the explanatory
power of the models
common international language and conceptual
understanding of the bibliographic universe
as the foundation for a standard:
• easier for others to understand our data
• easier to apply in international context
• easier for our data to interoperate
36. RDA Objectives & Principles
• important part of RDA
• shaped many of the instructions that are different from AACR2
• concur with the International Cataloguing Principles (ICP)
36
37. RDA Objectives & Principles
Objectives RDA 0.4.2
• responsiveness to user
needs
• cost efficiency
• flexibility
• continuity
Principles RDA 0.4.3
• differentiation
• sufficiency
• relationships
• representation
• accuracy
• attribution
• common usage or practice
• uniformity
37
38. Principle of representation
for example RDA 0.4.3.4
principle = representation
The data describing a resource should reflect
the resource’s representation of itself.
result = simplify transcription
“Take what you see”
38
39. RDA = Take what you see
source = Kemptville, Ontario
AACR2 = Kemptville, Ont.
RDA = Kemptville, Ontario
264 1 $a Kemptville, Ontario
_____________________________________________________
source = Band LXXXVIII (series numbering)
AACR2 = Bd. 88
RDA = Band LXXXVIII
490 $a ... ; $v Band LXXXVIII
39
40. RDA = Take what you see
source = Third revised edition
AACR2 = 3rd rev. ed.
RDA = Third revised edition
_____________________________________________
source = 2nd enlarged ed., revised
AACR2 = 2nd enl. ed., rev.
RDA = 2nd enlarged ed., revised
40
41. Different instructions
AACR2 1.0F. Inaccuracies
In an area where transcription from the item is required,
transcribe an inaccuracy or a misspelled word as it appears in
the item. Follow such an inaccuracy either by [sic] or by i.e. and
the correction within square brackets. Supply a missing letter
or letters in square brackets.
RDA 1.7.9 Inaccuracies
When instructed to transcribe an element as it appears on the
source of information, transcribe an inaccuracy or a misspelled
word as it appears on the source, except where instructed
otherwise.
41
42. Inaccuracy in RDA
• make a note correcting the inaccuracy if considered important
for identification or access (see 2.20 )
• if inaccuracy in the title proper, record a corrected form of the
title as a variant title
Exception for serials or integrating resources: correct obvious
typographic errors, and make a note
42
43. RDA = Take what you see
title page = Melallization of polymers
(book)
AACR2 = Melallization [sic] of polymers
or Melallization [i.e. Metallization] of
polymers
RDA = Melallization of polymers
245 14 $a Melallization of polymers
246 1 $i Corrected title: $a Metallization
of polymers
43
45. RDA Objectives & Principles
Objectives RDA 0.4.2
• responsiveness to user
needs
• cost efficiency
• flexibility
• continuity
Principles RDA 0.4.3
• differentiation
• sufficiency
• relationships
• representation
• accuracy
• attribution
• common usage or practice
• uniformity
45
46. Focus on the user
• record data that is important to the user
why is it important?
helps the user to find
identify
select
obtain
46
47. Resource discovery = user tasks
Bibliographic data
• find
• identify
• select
• obtain
Why record the data?
Authority data
• find
• identify
• clarify
• understand
To help user achieve these
tasks.
47
48. Consistent focus on the user
• RDA divided into 10 sections
• each section begins with general guidelines
• functional objectives and principles specific to the section
Functional objectives = relationship between data and user
tasks
the data (recorded or constructed according
to the instructions in that section)
the user tasks
48
49. Example from Section 1
Section 1= Recording attributes of manifestations & items
1.2 Functional Objectives and Principles
The data describing a manifestation or item should enable the user to:
a) find manifestations and items that correspond to the user’s stated
search criteria
b) identify the resource described …
c) select a resource that is appropriate to the user’s requirements with
respect to the physical characteristics of the carrier and the
formatting and encoding of information stored on the carrier
d) obtain a resource …
49
50. Basis for cataloguer judgment
• instructions encourage cataloguer judgment
--- based on user tasks
for example, from 3.7 Applied material
Record the applied material used in the resource if it is
considered important for identification or selection …
50
51. Easier for user to identify
• avoid abbreviations
300 $a 398 pages :$b illustrations ; $c 25 cm
AACR2: 300 $a 398 p. :$b ill. ; $c 25 cm.
• avoid square brackets
300 $a 48 unnumbered pages, 256 pages
AACR2: 300 $a [48], 256 p.
• replace Latin abbreviations
300 $a 48, that is, 96 pages
AACR2: 300 $a 48 [i.e. 96] p.
• avoid cryptic information
300 $a xiv, 179 pages (incomplete)
AACR2: 300 $a xiv, 179 + p.
51
52. Easier for user to find, identify
RDA: no more: rule of three
no more … [et al.] in description
if statement of responsibility names more
than one person >>> record all RDA 2.4.1.5
optional omission: record first named and
summarize the omission
[and six others]
access points for first named or principal core
or all
or cataloger judgment
or institutional policy
52
53. Easier for user to find, identify
RDA: record all authors; access points for all authors;
define relationships with designators
100 1 $a Berry, John W., $e author.
245 10 $a Cross-cultural psychology : $b research and applications /
$c John W. Berry, Ype H. Poortinga, Seger M. Breugelmans,
Athanasios Chasiotis, David L. Sam.
250 $a Third edition.
264 1 $a Cambridge : $b Cambridge University Press, $c 2011.
300 $a xxii, 626 pages ; $c 25 cm
700 1 $a Poortinga, Ype H., $d 1939- $e author.
700 1 $a Breugelmans, Seger M., $e author.
700 1 $a Chasiotis, Athanasios, $e author.
700 1 $a Sam, David L., $e author.
53
54. Easier for user to understand
RDA
optional omission (2.4.1.5):
more than three, omit and summarize
core relationship = access point for first-recorded
omit relationship designator
100 1 $a Berry, John W.
245 10 $a Cross-cultural psychology : $b research and
applications / $c John W. Berry [and four others].
250 $a Third edition.
264 1 $a Cambridge : $b Cambridge University Press, $c 2011.
300 $a xxii, 626 pages ; $c 25 cm
54
55. Easier for user to find
AACR2 Aesop’s fables. Polyglot.
RDA Aesop’s fables. Greek
Aesop’s fables. Latin
Aesop’s fables. English
Aesop’s fables. German
AACR2 Aesop’s fables. English & German
RDA Aesop’s fables. English
Aesop’s fables. German
55
57. RDA as a content standard
AACR2: MARC encoding + ISBD display
RDA = what data should the cataloguer record?
• possible to encode using many encoding systems
• can be encoded using MARC
• does not have to be encoded using MARC encoding
• can be used with web friendly XML based encoding schema,
such as Dublin Core, MODS
• possible to display the data in many ways
57
58. RDA as a content standard
RDA= instructions on recording data
not tied to one encoding practice
RDA= record person’s date of birth = 1982
Encode?
$d 1982- MARC 21
<subfield code="d">1982- </subfield> MARCXML
<mods:namePart type="date">1982- </mods:namePart>
<dob>1982</dob>
<xs:element name="rdaDateOfBirth“>1982</xs:element>
58
59. RDA as a content standard
RDA= instructions on recording data
not tied to one display of data
for example, create displays that suit your user group
RDA says: record person’s date of birth = 1982
Display? born 1982
b. 1982
1982-
date of birth: 1982
59
60. Identifying the entity
either
eye-readable data: name
date of birth and death
Shields, Carol, 1953-2003
and/or
machine actionable data: identifier
0101A6635
http://viaf.org/viaf/4944537/#Shields,_Carol
60
61. RDA as a content standard
• not locked into library encoding practices
• not locked into library display practices
• get out of the library silo
>>> data visible on the web
>>> data interacting with the
data of other metadata
communities
61
62. 2. Key concepts in RDA
e) bibliographic information
as data
62
63. Data Elements
element = A word, character, or group of words and/or
characters representing a distinct unit of
bibliographic information.
appears similar to AACR2 definition
minus “forming part of an area”
effect is quite different from AACR2
each element is ≈ discrete
≈ precisely defined
≈ single attribute / single relationship
63
64. AACR2
for example
AACR2: information embedded in non-specific places
notes digital file characteristics
physical description file type
MARC 538 encoding format
516 file size
500 resolution
300 regional encoding
transmission speed
64
65. RDA
RDA: precise elements and element sub-types
digital file characteristics RDA 3.19
file type
encoding format
file size
resolution
regional encoding
transmission speed
65
66. 347 Digital File Characteristics
new MARC field 347
subfield codes
$a - File type (R)
$b - Encoding format (R)
$c - File size (R)
$d - Resolution (R)
$e - Regional encoding (R)
$f - Transmission speed (R)
66
67. AACR2 Information
AACR2: assume human will decipher
ok to be ambiguous
AACR2: date of publication, distribution, etc.
date of copyright
date of manufacture
MARC 21: 260 $c
260 $g
67
68. RDA Data Elements
RDA: precise elements – only one kind of data in an element
RDA: 5 different elements: RDA 2.7-2.11
date of production
date of publication
date of distribution
date of manufacture
date of copyright
MARC 21: 264 $c 5 different indicators
68
69. Controlled vocabulary
• controlled vocabulary recommended for many elements
encoding format DAISY, CD audio, MP3, Access,
XML, JPEG, TIFF, CAD, PDF,
Blu-ray, DVD video, VCD
production method blueline, blueprint, engraving,
etching, lithograph, photocopy,
photoengraving, woodcut
base material Bristol board, canvas, cardboard,
ceramic, glass, leather, paper,
parchment, vellum
69
70. RDA data = precise + usable data
RDA
• each element is distinct and precisely defined
• each element contains only one kind of data
• controlled vocabulary in many elements
each element has the potential to be usable:
to index
to search
to build meaningful displays of data
data in any element can be used: by humans
by computers
70
71. Many new elements
many new elements but do not have to use them all
core elements
• not a level of description
• core elements are a minimum “a floor, not a ceiling”
• must include any additional elements required to differentiate
the resource or entity from a similar one
• inclusion of other elements --- cataloguer judgment
71
72. Phase 1: RDA using MARC
Bibliographic description:
• core elements (RDA core, LC-PCC core)
• new MARC fields
• simplified instructions for transcription
• some new instructions when recording data
Authorized access points in bibliographic records:
• LC/NACO authority file
• some new instructions when identifying persons, families,
corporate bodies, works and expressions
Authority records:
• NACO guidelines
72
73. AACR2: simple book (abbreviated)
020 $a 9780230242685 (hardback)
100 1 $a Stanfield, J. Ron, $d 1945-
245 10 $a John Kenneth Galbraith / $c by James Ronald Stanfield
and Jacqueline Bloom Stanfield.
260 $a New York : $b Palgrave Macmillan, $c c2011.
300 $a xi, 251 p. ; $c 23 cm.
490 1 $a Great Thinkers in Economics Series
700 1 $a Stanfield, Jacqueline Bloom, $d 1947-
73
75. AACR2: sound disc (abbreviated, for illustration)
100 1 $a Dibdin, Michael.
245 10 $a End games $h[sound recording] / $c Michael Dibdin.
260 $a Oxford, England : $b Isis Publishing Ltd., $c p2008.
300 $a 10 sound discs (11 hr., 15 min.) : $b digital ; $c 4 3/4 in.
500 $a Read by Michael Tudor Barnes.
500 $a Compact discs.
700 1 $a Barnes, Michael Tudor.
75
76. RDA: audio disc (abbreviated, for illustration)
100 1 $a Dibdin, Michael, $e author.
240 10 $a End games. $h Spoken word
245 10 $a End games / $c Michael Dibdin.
264 1 $a Oxford, England : $b Isis Publishing Limited, $c [2008]
264 4 $c ℗2008
300 $a 10 audio discs (11 hr., 15 min.) : $b CD audio, digital ; $c 4 3/4 in.
336 $a spoken word $2 rdacontent
337 $a audio $2 rdamedia
338 $a audio disc $2 rdacarrier
344 $a digital
347 $b CD audio
700 1 $a Barnes, Michael Tudor, $e narrator.
775 08 $i Adaptation of (expression): $a Dibdin, Michael. $t End games. ...
76
77. AACR2: compilation (abbreviated for illustration)
100 1 $a Williams, Tennessee.
240 10 $a Selections. $f 2009
245 10 $a Favorite plays and a short story / $c Tennessee Williams.
260 0 $a Boston : $b University Press, $c 2009.
300 $a 325 p. : $b ill. ; $c 28 cm
505 0 $a The Glass Menagerie -- A Streetcar Named Desire -- Cat
on a Hot Tin Roof -- The Night of the Iguana.
77
78. RDA: compilation (abbreviated, for illustration)
100 1 $a Williams, Tennessee.
240 10 $a Works. $k Selections. $f 2009 optional
245 10 $a Favorite plays and a short story / $c Tennessee
Williams.
264 1 $a Boston : $b University Press, $c 2009.
300 $a 325 pages : $b illustrations ; $c 28 cm
336 $a text $2 rdacontent
337 $a unmediated $2 rdamedia
338 $a volume $2 rdacarrier
700 12 $a Williams, Tennessee. $t Glass menagerie.
700 12 $a Williams, Tennessee. $t Streetcar named Desire.
700 12 $a Williams, Tennessee. $t Cat on a hot tin roof.
700 12 $a Williams, Tennessee. $t Night of the Iguana.
78
79. Key concepts
Key concepts shape RDA:
• theoretical framework
• objectives and principles
• focus on the user
• content standard
• bibliographic information as data
>>> visible impact on RDA and the content of instructions
>>> many changes in RDA trace back to concepts
79
81. Flickr credits: creative commons attribution
Cross track – iPhone wall paper by CJ Schmit
http://www.flickr.com/photos/cjschmit/4623783487/
Rock climbing is fun by mariachily
http://www.flickr.com/photos/mariachily/3382799213/
Oregon silo by TooFarNorth
http://www.flickr.com/photos/toofarnorth/4597980984/
81
Objectives 0.4.2.1Responsiveness to User NeedsThe data should enable the user to:find resources that correspond to the user's stated search criteriafind all resources that embody a particular work or a particular expression of that workfind all resources associated with a particular person, family, or corporate bodyfind all resources on a given subjectfind works, expressions, manifestations, and items that are related to those retrieved in response to the user's searchfind persons, families, and corporate bodies that correspond to the user's stated search criteriafind persons, families, or corporate bodies that are related to the person, family, or corporate body represented by the data retrieved in response to the user’s searchidentify the resource described (i.e., confirm that the resource described corresponds to the resource sought, or distinguish between two or more resources with the same or similar characteristics)identify the person, family, or corporate body represented by the data (i.e., confirm that the entity described corresponds to the entity sought, or distinguish between two or more entities with the same or similar names, etc.)select a resource that is appropriate to the user’s requirements with respect to the physical characteristics of the carrier and the formatting and encoding of information stored on the carrierselect a resource appropriate to the user's requirements with respect to form, intended audience, language, etc. obtain a resource (i.e., acquire a resource through purchase, loan, etc., or access a resource electronically through an online connection to a remote computer)understand the relationship between two or more entitiesunderstand the relationship between the entity described and a name by which that entity is known (e.g., a different language form of the name)understand why a particular name or title has been chosen as the preferred name or title for the entity.0.4.2.2Cost EfficiencyThe data should meet functional requirements for the support of user tasks in a cost-efficient manner.0.4.2.3Flexibility The data should function independently of the format, medium, or system used to store or communicate the data. They should be amenable to use in a variety of environments.0.4.2.4Continuity The data should be amenable to integration into existing databases (particularly those developed using AACR and related standards).Differentiation The data describing a resource should differentiate that resource from other resources.The data describing an entity associated with a resource should differentiate that entity from other entities, and from other identities used by the same entity.0.4.3.2Sufficiency The data describing a resource should be sufficient to meet the needs of the user with respect to selection of an appropriate resource.0.4.3.3Relationships The data describing a resource should indicate significant relationships between the resource described and other resources.The data describing an entity associated with a resource should reflect all significant bibliographic relationships between that entity and other such entities.0.4.3.4Representation The data describing a resource should reflect the resource’s representation of itself.The name or form of name designated as the preferred name for a person, family, or corporate body should be the name or form of name most commonly found in resources associated with that person, family, or corporate body, or a well-accepted name or form of name in the language and script preferred by the agency creating the data. Other names and other forms of the name that are found in resources associated with the person, family, or corporate body or in reference sources, or that the user might be expected to use when conducting a search, should be recorded as variant names.The title designated as the preferred title for a work should be the title most frequently found in resources embodying the work in its original language, the title as found in reference sources, or the title most frequently found in resources embodying the work. Other titles found in resources embodying the work or in reference sources, or that the user might be expected to use when conducting a search, should be recorded as variant titles.0.4.3.5Accuracy The data describing a resource should provide supplementary information to correct or clarify ambiguous, unintelligible, or misleading representations made on sources of information forming part of the resource itself.0.4.3.6Attribution The data recording relationships between a resource and a person, family, or corporate body associated with that resource should reflect attributions of responsibility made either in the resource itself or in reference sources, irrespective of whether the attribution of responsibility is accurate.0.4.3.7Common Usage or PracticeData that is not transcribed from the resource itself should reflect common usage in the language and script preferred by the agency creating the data.The part of the name of a person or family used as the first element in recording the preferred name for that person or family should reflect conventions used in the country and language most closely associated with that person or family.0.4.3.8Uniformity The appendices on capitalization, abbreviations, order of elements, punctuation, etc., should serve to promote uniformity in the presentation of data describing a resource or an entity associated with a resource.
Objectives 0.4.2.1Responsiveness to User NeedsThe data should enable the user to:find resources that correspond to the user's stated search criteriafind all resources that embody a particular work or a particular expression of that workfind all resources associated with a particular person, family, or corporate bodyfind all resources on a given subjectfind works, expressions, manifestations, and items that are related to those retrieved in response to the user's searchfind persons, families, and corporate bodies that correspond to the user's stated search criteriafind persons, families, or corporate bodies that are related to the person, family, or corporate body represented by the data retrieved in response to the user’s searchidentify the resource described (i.e., confirm that the resource described corresponds to the resource sought, or distinguish between two or more resources with the same or similar characteristics)identify the person, family, or corporate body represented by the data (i.e., confirm that the entity described corresponds to the entity sought, or distinguish between two or more entities with the same or similar names, etc.)select a resource that is appropriate to the user’s requirements with respect to the physical characteristics of the carrier and the formatting and encoding of information stored on the carrierselect a resource appropriate to the user's requirements with respect to form, intended audience, language, etc. obtain a resource (i.e., acquire a resource through purchase, loan, etc., or access a resource electronically through an online connection to a remote computer)understand the relationship between two or more entitiesunderstand the relationship between the entity described and a name by which that entity is known (e.g., a different language form of the name)understand why a particular name or title has been chosen as the preferred name or title for the entity.0.4.2.2Cost EfficiencyThe data should meet functional requirements for the support of user tasks in a cost-efficient manner.0.4.2.3Flexibility The data should function independently of the format, medium, or system used to store or communicate the data. They should be amenable to use in a variety of environments.0.4.2.4Continuity The data should be amenable to integration into existing databases (particularly those developed using AACR and related standards).Differentiation The data describing a resource should differentiate that resource from other resources.The data describing an entity associated with a resource should differentiate that entity from other entities, and from other identities used by the same entity.0.4.3.2Sufficiency The data describing a resource should be sufficient to meet the needs of the user with respect to selection of an appropriate resource.0.4.3.3Relationships The data describing a resource should indicate significant relationships between the resource described and other resources.The data describing an entity associated with a resource should reflect all significant bibliographic relationships between that entity and other such entities.0.4.3.4Representation The data describing a resource should reflect the resource’s representation of itself.The name or form of name designated as the preferred name for a person, family, or corporate body should be the name or form of name most commonly found in resources associated with that person, family, or corporate body, or a well-accepted name or form of name in the language and script preferred by the agency creating the data. Other names and other forms of the name that are found in resources associated with the person, family, or corporate body or in reference sources, or that the user might be expected to use when conducting a search, should be recorded as variant names.The title designated as the preferred title for a work should be the title most frequently found in resources embodying the work in its original language, the title as found in reference sources, or the title most frequently found in resources embodying the work. Other titles found in resources embodying the work or in reference sources, or that the user might be expected to use when conducting a search, should be recorded as variant titles.0.4.3.5Accuracy The data describing a resource should provide supplementary information to correct or clarify ambiguous, unintelligible, or misleading representations made on sources of information forming part of the resource itself.0.4.3.6Attribution The data recording relationships between a resource and a person, family, or corporate body associated with that resource should reflect attributions of responsibility made either in the resource itself or in reference sources, irrespective of whether the attribution of responsibility is accurate.0.4.3.7Common Usage or PracticeData that is not transcribed from the resource itself should reflect common usage in the language and script preferred by the agency creating the data.The part of the name of a person or family used as the first element in recording the preferred name for that person or family should reflect conventions used in the country and language most closely associated with that person or family.0.4.3.8Uniformity The appendices on capitalization, abbreviations, order of elements, punctuation, etc., should serve to promote uniformity in the presentation of data describing a resource or an entity associated with a resource.