This document provides an introduction to the structure and composition of hair. It discusses the key components of hair including texture, density, elasticity, porosity and the three main layers of the hair shaft - the cuticle, cortex, and medulla. It also outlines the different types of bonds in hair, such as hydrogen bonds, salt bonds, and disulfide bonds, and how these bonds can be broken through chemical processes or changes in pH. Finally, it introduces some important reference points on the head and scalp.

1. Structure. Bonds. Types. Identify & pH.
INTRO TO HAIR

2. AGENDA KEY POINTS
• Texture
• Density
• Elasticity
• Porosity
• Hair structure
• Bonds in the hair
• Ph
• Reference points
Theory

3. WHAT IS HAIR?
• Hair is a made up of keratin protein, there are over 5 million hair follicles all over
your body; 100,000 of them being on your scalp
• Hair also serves as a good biological advertisement for ones self: it reflects your
genes, your health, your self care and a defining characteristic of your personality

4. HAIR TEXTURE

5. WAVE PATTERN
• STRAIGHT
• WAVY
• CURLY
• EXTRA CURLY
COILY
KINKY

6. HAIR DENSITY

7. HAIR POROSITY

8. HAIR ELASTICITY

9. HAIR STRUCTURE- 3 MAIN COMPONETS
3 main layers of the hair shaft

10. Closed, healthy, low
pH
Slightly raised, any
change in pH ( water,
chemicals, products)
Damaged, open
Chemicals, heat
environment
-CUTICLE
4-8 9-13
up to 18
HAIR STRUCTURE- 3 MAIN COMPONETS-

11. STRUCTURES OF THE HAIR SHAFT
CORTEX
• Melanin
• 90% weight
• Chemical changes
• Protein
• Elasticity
HAIR STRUCTURE- 3 MAIN COMPONETS

12. STRUCTURES OF THE HAIR SHAFT
Fine and or blond hair may
not have one; not involved
in salon services.
Full, fragmented, missing
-MEDULLA
HAIR STRUCTURE- 3 MAIN COMPONETS

13. HAIR STRUCTURE- Bonds in the hair
In side the Cortex
PROTEIN /KERATIN;
responsible for any
physical or chemical
changes
=
PEPTIDE/END BOND
PEPTIDE/END BOND
POLYPEPTIDE CHAIN
HELIX

14. HAIR STRUCTURE- Bonds in the hair
HYDROGEN- STYLING BOND
Physical bond
Broken & reformed with styling
SALT- PH BOND
Physical bond
Broken by change in PH
DISULFIDE – CHEMICAL
Chemical bond
Broken by a chemical change
Strongest
Permanently changed

15. 9
Clean Maniac
HighLift
Hardwear16
Sculpting spray
4
Anti Snap
Ringlet
RebelTame
7
Beach
Envy
Air Dry
5.50
All soft
Color
Extend
,
pH SCALE
LOGARITHMIC- Measures the ACIDITY & ALKALINITY
We alter the pH with every service; IMPORTANT to understand the strength of a product to maintain integrity of the hair

16. REFERENCE POINTS- Where head changes shape
APEX
OCCIPITAL
NAPE
PARIETAL
RIDGE
FRONTALCROWN
TEMPORAL

17. With a basic understanding
of the composition of hair,
we can now start our
journey into Cosmetology