disampaikan pada kuliah anatomi fisiologi rekayasa kosmetik itera

1. ANATOMI DAN
FISIOLOGI RAMBUT
DAN KULIT KEPALA

2.  Identify and distinguish the different structures of the
hair root.
 Point out and differentiate the differences among the
three main layers of the hair shaft.
 Identify and explain the three types of side bonds in
the cortex.
 Name and compare the differences among the three
cycles of hair growth.
Learning Objectives
(continues)

3.  Give examples of the common types of hair loss and
explain what can cause hair loss.
 Identify and explain at least three options for hair loss
treatment.
 Learn to identify the most common hair and scalp
disorders seen in the salon and school, and then name
which ones a physician should treat.
 Compare and describe the different factors that should
be considered during a hair and scalp analysis.
Learning Objectives (continued)

4.  Hairstylists play an important role in many people’s
lives.
 All hair services must be based on a thorough
understanding of the growth, structure, and
composition of hair.
Introduction

5. DISCOVER THE STRUCTURE OF HAIR
 Trichology – the scientific study of hair, its
diseases, and its care
 Hair root – the part of the hair located below the
surface of the epidermis (outer layer of the skin)
 Hair shaft – portion of the hair that projects
above the epidermis

6. STRUCTURES OF THE HAIR ROOT
 Hair follicle
 Distribution
 Growth
 Hair bulb
 Dermal papilla
 Arrector pili muscle
 Sebaceous glands

7. STRUCTURES OF THE HAIR SHAFT
 Hair cuticle
 Cortex
 Medulla

8. LEARN ABOUT THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF
HAIR
 Hair is approximately 90 percent protein.
 The protein is made up of long chains of amino
acids, which, in turn, are made up of elements.
 The major elements that make up human hair are
carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen, and sulfur
and are often referred to as the COHNS elements.
 These five elements are also found in skin and nails.

9. COHNS ELEMENTS
 Carbon – 51 percent
 Oxygen – 21 percent
 Hydrogen – 6 percent
 Nitrogen – 17 percent
 Sulfur – 5 percent

10. KERATINIZATION
 Keratinization – maturing process of living cells
that originate within the hair follicle.
 As these newly formed cells mature, they fill up
with a fibrous protein called keratin.

11. AMINO ACIDS
 Linked like pop beads
 Peptide or end bonds
 Polypeptide chain
 Helix

12. SIDE BONDS OF THE CORTEX
 Hydrogen bonds
 Salt bonds
 Disulfide bonds
 Lanthionine bonds

14. BONDS OF THE HAIR

15. HAIR PIGMENT
 Melanin – tiny grains of pigment
 Eumelanin – provides dark brown/black color
 Pheomelanin – provides yellow to red/ginger color
 Natural hair color – result of ratio of eumelanin to
pheomelanin
 Gray hair – absence of melanin

16. WAVE PATTERNS
 Straight hair
 Wavy hair
 Curly hair
 Extremely curly hair

17. THE TRUTH ABOUT HAIR GROWTH
 Types of hair
 Vellus hair: short, fine, downy,
unpigmented hair on body
 Terminal hair: long, thick,
pigmented hair found on scalp,
legs, arms, and body
Pfizer
Inc.

18. GROWTH CYCLES OF HAIR
 Anagen – growing phase
 Catagen – transition phase
 Telogen – resting phase

19. MYTHS AND FACTS ABOUT HAIR GROWTH
 Myths
 Shaving, clipping, cutting makes hair grow faster.
 Scalp massage increases growth.
 Gray hair is coarser and more resistant.
 Natural curl determined by race.
 Round cross section is straight; oval cross section is
wavy; flat cross section is curly.

20. UNDERSTAND HAIR LOSS CAUSES AND
TREATMENT
 The growth cycle provides for the continuous growth,
fall, and replacement of individual hair strands.
 Natural shedding: 35 to 40 hairs per day

21. EMOTIONAL IMPACT OF HAIR LOSS
Perception of bald and balding men:
 Less attractive
 Less assertive
 Less successful
 Less personally likeable
 Older by five years
(continues)

22.  Men
 Negative social and emotional effects
 Preoccupation with baldness
 Effort made to conceal
 Women
 Devastation
 Anxiety
 Feelings of helplessness and unattractiveness
Emotional Impact of Hair Loss (continued)

23. PERFORM A THOROUGH HAIR AND SCALP
ANALYSIS
 Hair Texture
 Coarse
 Medium
 Fine
The
Gillette
Research
Institute.
The
Gillette
Research
Institute.
The
Gillette
Research
Institute.

24. HAIR DENSITY
 Low: thin
 Medium: medium
 High: thick dense
 Average: 2,200 hairs per square inch

25. POROSITY
 Low porosity
 Average porosity
 High porosity
The
Gillette
Research
Institute.
The
Gillette
Research
Institute.
The
Gillette
Research
Institute.

27. ELASTICITY
 Normal elasticity
 Low elasticity
 Testing for elasticity

29. HAIR GROWTH PATTERNS
 Hair stream – hair flowing in same direction
 Whorl – hair forms in a circular pattern
 Cowlick – tuft of hair that stands straight up

30. DRY HAIR AND SCALP
 Hair appears dull, dry, lifeless.
 Avoid frequent shampooing, strong soaps, detergents,
or products with a high alcohol content.

31. OILY HAIR AND SCALP
 Use normalizing shampoos.
 Eat a well-balanced diet.
 Exercise.
 Shampoo regularly and frequently.
 Practice good personal hygiene.

32. SUMMARY AND REVIEW
 Trichology enables the professional cosmetologist to
better understand both the physical and microscopic
properties of the hair.
 You must be able to recognize those conditions of the
hair and scalp needing treatment.
 Practicing proper disinfection procedures that are
approved by your oversight regulatory agency will
prevent the spread of disease.

33. CHAPTER REVIEW QUESTIONS
1. Name and describe the five main structures of
the hair root.
2. Name and describe the three layers of the hair.
3. Describe the process of keratinization.
4. What are polypeptide chains?
(continues)

34. 5. List and describe the three types of side bonds.
Indicate whether they are strong or weak and
why.
6. Name and describe the two types of melanin
responsible for natural hair color.
Chapter Review Questions (continued)
(continues)

35. 7. Name and describe the two types of hair and
their locations on the body.
8. What are the three phases of the hair growth
cycle and what occurs during each?
9. What is the reason for normal daily hair loss?
10. What are the most common types of abnormal
hair loss?
Chapter Review Questions (continued)
(continues)

36. 11. What are the only two approved hair loss treatments?
12. Name the two main types of dandruff and state
whether either can be treated in the salon.
13. Which scalp and hair disorders cannot be treated in
the salon?
14. What four factors should be considered in hair
analysis?
Chapter Review Questions (continued)