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Cognitive Psychology 
Principles
If you are a Cognitive Psychologist 
you believe… 
1. Human Beings are information processors and mental 
processes guide behavior. 
2. The mind can be studied scientifically. 
3. Cognitive processes are influenced by social and cultural 
factors.
1. Human Beings are information 
processors and mental processes 
guide behavior. 
 Humans gather information from our environments and 
shape them into meaning. 
 Connection between the brain and the mind.
2. The mind can be studied 
scientifically. 
 Processes that we cannot see (memory) can be studied 
using the scientific method.
3. Cognitive processes are 
influenced by social and cultural 
factors. 
 The culture and society we are raised in change the way we 
process, store, and recall information.
Difference Between Cognitive and 
Biological Psychology 
 Brain vs. Mind 
 Biology focuses on physical explanations of behavior 
(reductionism) 
 Cognitive focuses on mental processing (information 
processing)
Exit Card 
 What is the focus of cognitive psychology? 
 What is the goal of cognitive psychology?
Schema Theory 
 Schema Theory: A mental representation of knowledge in the 
brain. 
 A network of knowledge, beliefs, and expectations about 
particular aspects of the world.
Schema Theory 
 Largely automatic process that shapes our cognitive 
processing… 
Perception 
(How we 
interpret 
Information) 
Attention 
(Focus on 
stimuli to 
interpret) 
Memory 
(Store and 
categorize 
information)
Schema Theory Example: 
Doggy!...?
Schema Theory Big Idea 
 If information is incomplete, people use their schema theory 
to fill in the blanks… 
 Interpret the world according to the things we know. 
 Ignore the information that violates our schema.

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Intro to cognitive psych pp

  • 2. If you are a Cognitive Psychologist you believe… 1. Human Beings are information processors and mental processes guide behavior. 2. The mind can be studied scientifically. 3. Cognitive processes are influenced by social and cultural factors.
  • 3. 1. Human Beings are information processors and mental processes guide behavior.  Humans gather information from our environments and shape them into meaning.  Connection between the brain and the mind.
  • 4. 2. The mind can be studied scientifically.  Processes that we cannot see (memory) can be studied using the scientific method.
  • 5. 3. Cognitive processes are influenced by social and cultural factors.  The culture and society we are raised in change the way we process, store, and recall information.
  • 6. Difference Between Cognitive and Biological Psychology  Brain vs. Mind  Biology focuses on physical explanations of behavior (reductionism)  Cognitive focuses on mental processing (information processing)
  • 7. Exit Card  What is the focus of cognitive psychology?  What is the goal of cognitive psychology?
  • 8. Schema Theory  Schema Theory: A mental representation of knowledge in the brain.  A network of knowledge, beliefs, and expectations about particular aspects of the world.
  • 9. Schema Theory  Largely automatic process that shapes our cognitive processing… Perception (How we interpret Information) Attention (Focus on stimuli to interpret) Memory (Store and categorize information)
  • 11. Schema Theory Big Idea  If information is incomplete, people use their schema theory to fill in the blanks…  Interpret the world according to the things we know.  Ignore the information that violates our schema.