The document summarizes the revolution in China and the establishment of Communist China. It describes how the Qing Dynasty fell in 1911 due to protests, leading to a period of warlordism and civil war between the Nationalists and Communists. Mao Zedong led the Communist army using guerrilla tactics against the Nationalists and Japanese. After World War 2, the civil war resumed and the Communists declared the People's Republic of China in 1949 under Mao. Key events included land redistribution, industrialization, oppression of dissidents, and the Great Leap Forward which led to a devastating famine.
In this essay, I will discuss the Chinese Civil War between the communists and the nationalists as well as the consequences that this conflict resulted for both China and the international arena.
In this essay, I will discuss the Chinese Civil War between the communists and the nationalists as well as the consequences that this conflict resulted for both China and the international arena.
LEAGUE OF NATIONS: THE MANCHURIAN CRISIS.
The Manchurian Crisis 1931-1933 followed the Mukden Incident in which Japanese rail tracks were destroyed in an explosion. The issue was investigated by the League of Nations which found Japan to be at fault. The Japanese ignored the League of Nations and left the organisation.
LEAGUE OF NATIONS: THE MANCHURIAN CRISIS.
The Manchurian Crisis 1931-1933 followed the Mukden Incident in which Japanese rail tracks were destroyed in an explosion. The issue was investigated by the League of Nations which found Japan to be at fault. The Japanese ignored the League of Nations and left the organisation.
2. Slide 2
Background
• Manchu /
Qing Dynasty
maintained
limited power
while other
nations held
major
concessions
in the 20th
century.
3. Slide 3
QING DYNASTY FELL
• Rural & urban
workers,
nationalists,
communists, and
intellectuals
protested against
the government.
• The dynasty fell in
1911 and a weak
provisional
government took its
place.
• 1911 – 1925
Chinese Republic
4. Slide 4
CIVIL WAR 1925-1937
• After the provisional government failed,
the NATIONALISTS led by Chiang Kai-
shek, the COMMUNISTS led by Mao
Zedong, and various WARLORDS began
a CIVIL WAR for control of China
5. Slide 5
Mao Zedong
• Led the army in
developing
guerilla warfare
tactics to fight the
Nationalists and
later the
Japanese
6. Slide 6
1937 – Japan invaded China
• Communists &
Nationalists fought
the Japanese
“separately
together”.
• Communists were
more effective in
their guerilla war
against the
Japanese.
7. Slide 7
Civil War Continued 1945-
1949
• The West
supported the
Nationalist
Army and the
USSR sent
some support
to Mao
9. Slide 9
China under Communist
• Foreigners were
kicked out
• Redistribution of land
by the government
• Industrialization
began
• Women gained power
10. Slide 10
Mao consolidated power
• Many who were
nationalists,
upper-class, or
dissidents were
imprisoned in
forced labor
camps or killed.
11. Slide 11
Social Class Changes
• Wealthy upper class
(including ruling
families) was
removed.
• Landowning class
was destroyed.
• Intellectuals attacked
12. Slide 12
Great Leap Forward 1950s-
• Mao’s government took
control of all the land.
• Started “back yard
industrialization”
13. Great Leap Forward
• The plan failed miserably – famine caused
over 20 million deaths, steel production
dropped drastically.
16. Both USSR and China
• Totalitarian government and leader
– TOTAL control of all the gov, econ, and
culture
– LAND collectivization /Industrialization
– Gains in industrialization/women’s status
– Millions of political “opponents”
imprisoned and/or executed
– Millions die in famines
– U.S. and its allies are enemies
Slide 16