Intravenous cannula
•
1 like•150 views
This document provides instructions for using a drops per minute calculator to determine intravenous drip rates. The calculator allows users to input the volume of infusion, planned time, and drop factor/calibration to determine the number of drops per minute needed. It also provides an advanced mode to view the number of drops per hour. The tool is designed to help clinicians easily calculate drip rates for intravenous therapies and ensures accurate, painless delivery of medications or fluids.
Report
Share
Report
Share
Download to read offline
Recommended
Catheters
Catheters are thin, flexible tubes that can be inserted into body cavities, ducts, or vessels. They are made from biocompatible materials like silicone, latex, or polymers. Catheters have various uses including draining fluids, delivering medications, or providing access for surgical instruments. Common types of catheters include urethral catheters, which drain the bladder; central venous catheters, which provide long-term intravenous access; and peripheral venous catheters for short-term intravenous access. Proper insertion and maintenance of catheters is important to provide benefits while avoiding complications like infection, injury, or blockage.
Endotracheal intubation
INTRODUCTION
Intubation is required when a patient has difficulty breathing and needs ventilatory assistance.
A hollow tube is inserted into the trachea and held in place by a small inflated balloon.
INDICATION OF ENDOTRACHEAL TUBE INSERTION
ACUTE RESPIRATORY FAILURE
CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM DEPRESSION
NEUROMUSCULAR DISEASE
PULMONARY DISEASE
CHEST WALL INJURY
UPPER AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION
ASPIRATION PROPHYLAXIS
FRACTURE OF CERVICAL VERTEBRAE WITH SPINAL CORD INJURY.
Equipment required
Suction catheter
Oxyen, Bag valve mask(Ambu bag)
Laryngoscope (two curved blades and straight blade)
Stylet /bougie
Endotracheal tubes (preferred size and smaller)
Magills forceps
Drugs (muscle relaxant, sedative)
Xylocaine jelly
Syringe for cuff inflation
Tape to secure tube
PROCEDURE
Assess the patient’s heart rate, LOC and respiratory status
Remove the patient dental bridgework and plates
Prepare equipments
Complications of intubation
Early complications
Trauma, e.g. haemorrhage, mediastinal perforation
Haemodynamic collapse, e.g. positive pressure ventilation, vasodilation, arrhythmias or rapid correction of hypercapnia.
Tube malposition, e.g. failed or endobronchial intubation.
Later complications
Infection including maxillary sinusitis if nasally intubated
Cuff pressure trauma (maintain cuff pressure <25cmH2O)
Mouth /Lip trauma
Epidural anesthesia (NURSING FOUNDATION)
Epidural anesthesia blocks pain in a specific region of the body by blocking nerve impulses from the lower spinal segments, resulting in decreased sensation in the lower half of the body. It provides pain relief rather than total lack of feeling. There are different types of epidurals depending on the location of administration, including cervical, thoracic, lumbar, and caudal epidurals, which are used for operations below the diaphragm and in certain patient populations or conditions.
Tracheostomy care.
This document discusses tracheostomy care. A tracheostomy is an opening made in the neck to insert a tube into the windpipe (trachea) to help breathing. It may be needed if the airway is blocked or to help remove secretions. The tracheostomy tube has several parts including an outer cannula, inner cannula, and cuff. Nurses must assess the tracheostomy site, suction secretions, change inner cannulas, and provide humidified air. Complications like infection, bleeding, or tube obstruction require close monitoring. Proper tracheostomy care and documentation are essential for patient safety and communication with other providers.
Suction machine..
Suction machines are devices used to remove substances like blood, mucus, and vomit from a person's airway. They use pumps powered by electricity or foot pedals to create suction through pistons and air tight chambers. Suction machines are used in medical settings and homes to clear airways and facilitate breathing by removing excess secretions. They require training to properly operate and maintain in order to safely suction from the mouth, nose, or trachea while monitoring the patient.
Intradermal injections
Intradermal injections are administered just below the epidermis into the dermis. They have the longest absorption time of all parenteral routes, so they are used for sensitivity tests and local anesthesia. The small dose is injected at a shallow angle of 5 to 15 degrees using a tuberculin syringe and small gauge needle. Proper sites are assessed and precautions are taken to safely perform the injection.
Administration of IM medication
Intramuscular injections deliver medication into muscles through the skin and subcutaneous tissue. They allow for faster drug absorption than subcutaneous injections due to muscles having more blood vessels. The correct technique involves using a 23G needle at a 72-90 degree angle and rotating injection sites. Potential complications include abscesses, cellulitis, and nerve damage.
Anesthesia slideshare
definition of anesthesia, history , general anesthesia, spinal anesthesia, epidural anesthesia, uses, drug agents, complications and management.
Recommended
Catheters
Catheters are thin, flexible tubes that can be inserted into body cavities, ducts, or vessels. They are made from biocompatible materials like silicone, latex, or polymers. Catheters have various uses including draining fluids, delivering medications, or providing access for surgical instruments. Common types of catheters include urethral catheters, which drain the bladder; central venous catheters, which provide long-term intravenous access; and peripheral venous catheters for short-term intravenous access. Proper insertion and maintenance of catheters is important to provide benefits while avoiding complications like infection, injury, or blockage.
Endotracheal intubation
INTRODUCTION
Intubation is required when a patient has difficulty breathing and needs ventilatory assistance.
A hollow tube is inserted into the trachea and held in place by a small inflated balloon.
INDICATION OF ENDOTRACHEAL TUBE INSERTION
ACUTE RESPIRATORY FAILURE
CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM DEPRESSION
NEUROMUSCULAR DISEASE
PULMONARY DISEASE
CHEST WALL INJURY
UPPER AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION
ASPIRATION PROPHYLAXIS
FRACTURE OF CERVICAL VERTEBRAE WITH SPINAL CORD INJURY.
Equipment required
Suction catheter
Oxyen, Bag valve mask(Ambu bag)
Laryngoscope (two curved blades and straight blade)
Stylet /bougie
Endotracheal tubes (preferred size and smaller)
Magills forceps
Drugs (muscle relaxant, sedative)
Xylocaine jelly
Syringe for cuff inflation
Tape to secure tube
PROCEDURE
Assess the patient’s heart rate, LOC and respiratory status
Remove the patient dental bridgework and plates
Prepare equipments
Complications of intubation
Early complications
Trauma, e.g. haemorrhage, mediastinal perforation
Haemodynamic collapse, e.g. positive pressure ventilation, vasodilation, arrhythmias or rapid correction of hypercapnia.
Tube malposition, e.g. failed or endobronchial intubation.
Later complications
Infection including maxillary sinusitis if nasally intubated
Cuff pressure trauma (maintain cuff pressure <25cmH2O)
Mouth /Lip trauma
Epidural anesthesia (NURSING FOUNDATION)
Epidural anesthesia blocks pain in a specific region of the body by blocking nerve impulses from the lower spinal segments, resulting in decreased sensation in the lower half of the body. It provides pain relief rather than total lack of feeling. There are different types of epidurals depending on the location of administration, including cervical, thoracic, lumbar, and caudal epidurals, which are used for operations below the diaphragm and in certain patient populations or conditions.
Tracheostomy care.
This document discusses tracheostomy care. A tracheostomy is an opening made in the neck to insert a tube into the windpipe (trachea) to help breathing. It may be needed if the airway is blocked or to help remove secretions. The tracheostomy tube has several parts including an outer cannula, inner cannula, and cuff. Nurses must assess the tracheostomy site, suction secretions, change inner cannulas, and provide humidified air. Complications like infection, bleeding, or tube obstruction require close monitoring. Proper tracheostomy care and documentation are essential for patient safety and communication with other providers.
Suction machine..
Suction machines are devices used to remove substances like blood, mucus, and vomit from a person's airway. They use pumps powered by electricity or foot pedals to create suction through pistons and air tight chambers. Suction machines are used in medical settings and homes to clear airways and facilitate breathing by removing excess secretions. They require training to properly operate and maintain in order to safely suction from the mouth, nose, or trachea while monitoring the patient.
Intradermal injections
Intradermal injections are administered just below the epidermis into the dermis. They have the longest absorption time of all parenteral routes, so they are used for sensitivity tests and local anesthesia. The small dose is injected at a shallow angle of 5 to 15 degrees using a tuberculin syringe and small gauge needle. Proper sites are assessed and precautions are taken to safely perform the injection.
Administration of IM medication
Intramuscular injections deliver medication into muscles through the skin and subcutaneous tissue. They allow for faster drug absorption than subcutaneous injections due to muscles having more blood vessels. The correct technique involves using a 23G needle at a 72-90 degree angle and rotating injection sites. Potential complications include abscesses, cellulitis, and nerve damage.
Anesthesia slideshare
definition of anesthesia, history , general anesthesia, spinal anesthesia, epidural anesthesia, uses, drug agents, complications and management.
Tracheostomy care & management
This document reviews guidelines for tracheostomy care and management at NYGH. It defines tracheostomies and the different types. Potential complications are discussed as well as nursing care guidelines including assessment, suctioning, dressing changes, and documentation. Emergency scenarios are also addressed. Tracheostomy care aims to maintain a patent airway and prevent complications through skilled nursing interventions.
Suction
Suction is frequently used to remove secretions from the lungs in intubated or tracheostomy patients unable to cough effectively. Proper suction equipment includes pumps, tubing, connections, and catheters. Pumps can be wall vacuum, electrical, portable battery-powered, or foot pumps. Tubing leads from pumps to connections, usually Y-connectors. Catheters come in soft plastic or rubber and range in size but should not exceed half the tube diameter. Proper suction technique minimizes trauma and hypoxia through controlled pressure and timing.
BRONCHOSCOPY
BRONCHOSCOPY is a procedure in which a hollow, flexible tube called a bronchoscope is inserted into the airways through the nose or mouth to provide a view of the TRACHEOBRONCHIAL tree.
It can also be used to collect bronchial and/or lung secretions and to perform tissue biopsy.
Infusion Pump
This Ppt about Infusion pump explains in detail about - Definition, Principle, Uses, and types of an Infusion pump - Syringe pump and Volumetric Pump. working and maintenance of different types of pumps. Helpful for student nurses posted in intensive care units and those caring for very sick patients and babies. This Ppt is helpful in learning the maintenance of the various types of Infusion pumps available.
#Part 1 venturi mask
This document discusses various oxygen therapy delivery systems including nasal cannulas, nasal catheters, face masks, and oxygen tents. It describes the parts of each system and how they work to deliver different concentrations of oxygen at various flow rates. Face masks discussed include simple masks, partial rebreather masks, and non-rebreather masks. The venturi mask is described as delivering concentrations from 24-40% oxygen at flow rates from 4-10 L/min depending on its color coding. Proper use and any special considerations for each system are provided.
Endotracheal intubation extubation
This document summarizes the indications, procedures, equipment, and complications related to endotracheal intubation and extubation. It describes the anatomy of the upper airway and indications for intubation such as respiratory failure, airway obstruction, or the need for positive pressure ventilation. The document outlines the procedures and equipment used for oral and nasal intubation, including laryngoscopes, endotracheal tubes, and positioning. Potential complications of intubation and extubation are also summarized such as infection, trauma, aspiration, and laryngeal injury.
Gastrostomy feeding.pptx
The document discusses gastrostomy tube feeding including describing what a gastrostomy is, how to administer feedings via syringe or continuous drip, assessing the gastrostomy site and patient tolerance, and monitoring the patient during and after feeding to ensure safety and proper nutrition and hydration. Proper technique and assessment is emphasized to prevent complications like skin breakdown, aspiration, or diarrhea from tube feedings.
cannulation and introduction, sizes and site of cannula
Intravenous cannulation is a technique where a cannula is inserted into a vein to provide venous access for administering fluids, medications, blood products, and collecting blood samples. Different sized cannulas from 16 gauge to 24 gauge are used depending on the procedure and patient factors. Common sites for cannulation include the cephalic, basilic, and median veins in the arm. The procedure involves identifying a vein, inserting the cannula at a 30 degree angle until blood is seen, securing the cannula in place, and checking patency by flushing with saline. Potential complications include hematoma, infiltration, embolism, and phlebitis.
Tuberculin n scalp vein needle
This document provides information about a tuberculin syringe, Mantoux test procedure, BCG vaccination, and a scalp vein needle. It describes the uses of a tuberculin syringe as administering the PPD for Mantoux testing, BCG vaccine, test doses of drugs, and insulin injections. It outlines the procedure for Mantoux testing, including interpretation of induration size and appropriate actions. Details are given about BCG vaccination dosage, administration route, effects, and adverse reactions. Finally, it briefly describes the components and uses of a scalp vein needle for blood collection, infusion, and ABG analysis.
Tracheostomy
A tracheostomy is a surgically created opening in the trachea (windpipe) through which a tracheostomy tube is inserted to provide an airway. There are several types including elective, emergency, and percutaneous tracheostomy. Indications include upper airway obstruction, need for prolonged mechanical ventilation, and inability to clear secretions. The procedure involves making an incision through the neck into the trachea and inserting a tracheostomy tube. Complications can include bleeding, infection, and tracheal stenosis. Ongoing care involves cleaning the stoma, suctioning secretions, monitoring tube placement, and providing nutrition and communication methods.
Endotracheal intubation, indications, complications.
ET intubation is preferred over tracheotomy for establishing an artificial airway when the need is brief (10 days or less) and full recovery is expected. ET intubation involves placing an endotracheal tube into the trachea through the mouth or nose to relieve airway obstruction, protect the airway from aspiration, facilitate suctioning of secretions, or support ventilation. Complications can occur during intubation, while the tube remains in place, during extubation, or after extubation and include trauma, aspiration, laryngospasm, and edema.
Tracheostomy Care
This document provides guidance on tracheostomy care and management. It begins with objectives which include reviewing evidenced-based guidelines, definitions, anatomy, reasons for tracheostomies, parts of tracheostomy tubes, types of tubes, potential complications, nursing assessments, suctioning technique, tracheostomy dressing changes, and closed suctioning. The document provides detailed instructions and considerations for each topic to ensure safe and effective tracheostomy care.
Tracheostomy by Kanato
1) Tracheostomy is a surgical opening into the trachea through the neck that allows for an alternative airway. It has several purposes including bypassing upper airway obstruction and making it easier to clear secretions.
2) The procedure involves making incisions through the skin and trachea rings to insert a tracheostomy tube. It can be done via open or percutaneous dilational tracheostomy techniques.
3) Tracheostomy is indicated when normal breathing is compromised due to conditions like upper airway infections/injuries or an inability to cough effectively. It provides benefits like improved ventilation and protection against aspiration.
Emergency Drugs PPT
This document provides information on common emergency drugs including their indications, routes of administration, and dosages for adults and pediatrics. It lists over 30 drugs such as oxygen, epinephrine, nitroglycerin, aspirin, atropine, naloxone, vitamin K, and tranexamic acid. For each it specifies the medical condition it treats, how it can be administered, and recommended dosage amounts tailored for adults and children. The document serves as a reference for healthcare providers on appropriate emergency medication use.
Thoracentesis
Thoracentesis is a procedure to remove fluid from the pleural space by inserting a needle between the ribs and into the pleural cavity. It is done both diagnostically to evaluate pleural effusions and therapeutically to drain large fluid collections. The document outlines the indications, contraindications, necessary equipment and supplies, step-by-step procedure, monitoring after the procedure, potential risks and complications, and documentation required.
Oral Airway Presentation
This document discusses oropharyngeal airways, which are curved plastic devices inserted into the mouth to prevent the tongue from blocking the airway. They are indicated for unconscious patients without a gag reflex. The proper size is selected by measuring from the corner of the mouth to the angle of the jaw. The airway should be inserted upside down and rotated sideways as it passes the tongue, then positioned with the flange at the teeth to maintain the airway. Failure to manage the airway properly can lead to preventable death, so early detection, rapid intervention and continual reassessment of the airway are important.
Anesthesia
This document discusses different types of anesthesia used in medical procedures. It describes general anesthesia as inducing a medically-induced coma to make the patient unaware and paralyzed during surgery, requiring ventilation. Regional anesthesia numbs a specific body area to allow conscious sedation or awareness. Local anesthesia numbs a small site for minor procedures without altering awareness. The document provides details on administration and risks of each type.
Endotracheal intubation
This document discusses endotracheal intubation, including what it is, its indications, required equipment, techniques, confirmation, ventilation, complications, and extubation. Endotracheal intubation involves placing a tube into the trachea to secure the airway and provide oxygen or ventilation support during procedures like general anesthesia, CPR, or ICU care. The document outlines sizes of tubes for different age groups and describes how to properly position and intubate a patient while visualizing the vocal cords using a laryngoscope.
Airway equipment
The document discusses various types of airway equipment used in anesthesia including face masks, oral and nasopharyngeal airways, laryngoscopes, and endotracheal tubes. It describes the components, uses, sizes and types of each device. Face masks allow administration of gases without an apparatus in the mouth. Oral and nasopharyngeal airways maintain an open airway. Laryngoscopes are used to visualize the larynx for intubation or foreign body removal. Endotracheal tubes provide a conduit for gases into the trachea during anesthesia. The document provides detailed information on the features and proper use of these important airway management devices.
Endotracheal tubes.pptx
An endotracheal tube is inserted into the trachea to mechanically ventilate a patient or breathe for them using a machine. It has a proximal end that connects to a ventilator, a distal end with an opening, and a radio-opaque marker to visualize placement via x-ray. Endotracheal tubes can be cuffed or uncuffed. Intubation requires laryngoscopy to visualize the vocal cords and guide the tube past them into the trachea, which is then confirmed using end-tidal carbon dioxide monitoring and chest auscultation. Complications can include hypoxia, bronchial intubation, trauma, and infection if not performed correctly.
More Related Content
What's hot
Tracheostomy care & management
This document reviews guidelines for tracheostomy care and management at NYGH. It defines tracheostomies and the different types. Potential complications are discussed as well as nursing care guidelines including assessment, suctioning, dressing changes, and documentation. Emergency scenarios are also addressed. Tracheostomy care aims to maintain a patent airway and prevent complications through skilled nursing interventions.
Suction
Suction is frequently used to remove secretions from the lungs in intubated or tracheostomy patients unable to cough effectively. Proper suction equipment includes pumps, tubing, connections, and catheters. Pumps can be wall vacuum, electrical, portable battery-powered, or foot pumps. Tubing leads from pumps to connections, usually Y-connectors. Catheters come in soft plastic or rubber and range in size but should not exceed half the tube diameter. Proper suction technique minimizes trauma and hypoxia through controlled pressure and timing.
BRONCHOSCOPY
BRONCHOSCOPY is a procedure in which a hollow, flexible tube called a bronchoscope is inserted into the airways through the nose or mouth to provide a view of the TRACHEOBRONCHIAL tree.
It can also be used to collect bronchial and/or lung secretions and to perform tissue biopsy.
Infusion Pump
This Ppt about Infusion pump explains in detail about - Definition, Principle, Uses, and types of an Infusion pump - Syringe pump and Volumetric Pump. working and maintenance of different types of pumps. Helpful for student nurses posted in intensive care units and those caring for very sick patients and babies. This Ppt is helpful in learning the maintenance of the various types of Infusion pumps available.
#Part 1 venturi mask
This document discusses various oxygen therapy delivery systems including nasal cannulas, nasal catheters, face masks, and oxygen tents. It describes the parts of each system and how they work to deliver different concentrations of oxygen at various flow rates. Face masks discussed include simple masks, partial rebreather masks, and non-rebreather masks. The venturi mask is described as delivering concentrations from 24-40% oxygen at flow rates from 4-10 L/min depending on its color coding. Proper use and any special considerations for each system are provided.
Endotracheal intubation extubation
This document summarizes the indications, procedures, equipment, and complications related to endotracheal intubation and extubation. It describes the anatomy of the upper airway and indications for intubation such as respiratory failure, airway obstruction, or the need for positive pressure ventilation. The document outlines the procedures and equipment used for oral and nasal intubation, including laryngoscopes, endotracheal tubes, and positioning. Potential complications of intubation and extubation are also summarized such as infection, trauma, aspiration, and laryngeal injury.
Gastrostomy feeding.pptx
The document discusses gastrostomy tube feeding including describing what a gastrostomy is, how to administer feedings via syringe or continuous drip, assessing the gastrostomy site and patient tolerance, and monitoring the patient during and after feeding to ensure safety and proper nutrition and hydration. Proper technique and assessment is emphasized to prevent complications like skin breakdown, aspiration, or diarrhea from tube feedings.
cannulation and introduction, sizes and site of cannula
Intravenous cannulation is a technique where a cannula is inserted into a vein to provide venous access for administering fluids, medications, blood products, and collecting blood samples. Different sized cannulas from 16 gauge to 24 gauge are used depending on the procedure and patient factors. Common sites for cannulation include the cephalic, basilic, and median veins in the arm. The procedure involves identifying a vein, inserting the cannula at a 30 degree angle until blood is seen, securing the cannula in place, and checking patency by flushing with saline. Potential complications include hematoma, infiltration, embolism, and phlebitis.
Tuberculin n scalp vein needle
This document provides information about a tuberculin syringe, Mantoux test procedure, BCG vaccination, and a scalp vein needle. It describes the uses of a tuberculin syringe as administering the PPD for Mantoux testing, BCG vaccine, test doses of drugs, and insulin injections. It outlines the procedure for Mantoux testing, including interpretation of induration size and appropriate actions. Details are given about BCG vaccination dosage, administration route, effects, and adverse reactions. Finally, it briefly describes the components and uses of a scalp vein needle for blood collection, infusion, and ABG analysis.
Tracheostomy
A tracheostomy is a surgically created opening in the trachea (windpipe) through which a tracheostomy tube is inserted to provide an airway. There are several types including elective, emergency, and percutaneous tracheostomy. Indications include upper airway obstruction, need for prolonged mechanical ventilation, and inability to clear secretions. The procedure involves making an incision through the neck into the trachea and inserting a tracheostomy tube. Complications can include bleeding, infection, and tracheal stenosis. Ongoing care involves cleaning the stoma, suctioning secretions, monitoring tube placement, and providing nutrition and communication methods.
Endotracheal intubation, indications, complications.
ET intubation is preferred over tracheotomy for establishing an artificial airway when the need is brief (10 days or less) and full recovery is expected. ET intubation involves placing an endotracheal tube into the trachea through the mouth or nose to relieve airway obstruction, protect the airway from aspiration, facilitate suctioning of secretions, or support ventilation. Complications can occur during intubation, while the tube remains in place, during extubation, or after extubation and include trauma, aspiration, laryngospasm, and edema.
Tracheostomy Care
This document provides guidance on tracheostomy care and management. It begins with objectives which include reviewing evidenced-based guidelines, definitions, anatomy, reasons for tracheostomies, parts of tracheostomy tubes, types of tubes, potential complications, nursing assessments, suctioning technique, tracheostomy dressing changes, and closed suctioning. The document provides detailed instructions and considerations for each topic to ensure safe and effective tracheostomy care.
Tracheostomy by Kanato
1) Tracheostomy is a surgical opening into the trachea through the neck that allows for an alternative airway. It has several purposes including bypassing upper airway obstruction and making it easier to clear secretions.
2) The procedure involves making incisions through the skin and trachea rings to insert a tracheostomy tube. It can be done via open or percutaneous dilational tracheostomy techniques.
3) Tracheostomy is indicated when normal breathing is compromised due to conditions like upper airway infections/injuries or an inability to cough effectively. It provides benefits like improved ventilation and protection against aspiration.
Emergency Drugs PPT
This document provides information on common emergency drugs including their indications, routes of administration, and dosages for adults and pediatrics. It lists over 30 drugs such as oxygen, epinephrine, nitroglycerin, aspirin, atropine, naloxone, vitamin K, and tranexamic acid. For each it specifies the medical condition it treats, how it can be administered, and recommended dosage amounts tailored for adults and children. The document serves as a reference for healthcare providers on appropriate emergency medication use.
Thoracentesis
Thoracentesis is a procedure to remove fluid from the pleural space by inserting a needle between the ribs and into the pleural cavity. It is done both diagnostically to evaluate pleural effusions and therapeutically to drain large fluid collections. The document outlines the indications, contraindications, necessary equipment and supplies, step-by-step procedure, monitoring after the procedure, potential risks and complications, and documentation required.
Oral Airway Presentation
This document discusses oropharyngeal airways, which are curved plastic devices inserted into the mouth to prevent the tongue from blocking the airway. They are indicated for unconscious patients without a gag reflex. The proper size is selected by measuring from the corner of the mouth to the angle of the jaw. The airway should be inserted upside down and rotated sideways as it passes the tongue, then positioned with the flange at the teeth to maintain the airway. Failure to manage the airway properly can lead to preventable death, so early detection, rapid intervention and continual reassessment of the airway are important.
Anesthesia
This document discusses different types of anesthesia used in medical procedures. It describes general anesthesia as inducing a medically-induced coma to make the patient unaware and paralyzed during surgery, requiring ventilation. Regional anesthesia numbs a specific body area to allow conscious sedation or awareness. Local anesthesia numbs a small site for minor procedures without altering awareness. The document provides details on administration and risks of each type.
Endotracheal intubation
This document discusses endotracheal intubation, including what it is, its indications, required equipment, techniques, confirmation, ventilation, complications, and extubation. Endotracheal intubation involves placing a tube into the trachea to secure the airway and provide oxygen or ventilation support during procedures like general anesthesia, CPR, or ICU care. The document outlines sizes of tubes for different age groups and describes how to properly position and intubate a patient while visualizing the vocal cords using a laryngoscope.
Airway equipment
The document discusses various types of airway equipment used in anesthesia including face masks, oral and nasopharyngeal airways, laryngoscopes, and endotracheal tubes. It describes the components, uses, sizes and types of each device. Face masks allow administration of gases without an apparatus in the mouth. Oral and nasopharyngeal airways maintain an open airway. Laryngoscopes are used to visualize the larynx for intubation or foreign body removal. Endotracheal tubes provide a conduit for gases into the trachea during anesthesia. The document provides detailed information on the features and proper use of these important airway management devices.
Endotracheal tubes.pptx
An endotracheal tube is inserted into the trachea to mechanically ventilate a patient or breathe for them using a machine. It has a proximal end that connects to a ventilator, a distal end with an opening, and a radio-opaque marker to visualize placement via x-ray. Endotracheal tubes can be cuffed or uncuffed. Intubation requires laryngoscopy to visualize the vocal cords and guide the tube past them into the trachea, which is then confirmed using end-tidal carbon dioxide monitoring and chest auscultation. Complications can include hypoxia, bronchial intubation, trauma, and infection if not performed correctly.
What's hot (20)
cannulation and introduction, sizes and site of cannula
cannulation and introduction, sizes and site of cannula
Endotracheal intubation, indications, complications.
Endotracheal intubation, indications, complications.
More from Sreenivasa Reddy Thalla
Balanced Diet, Symptoms, Sources, Prevention, Treatment
Balanced Diet, Symptoms, Sources, Prevention, Treatment
Responding to symptoms of minor ailments.pptx
This document discusses the pathophysiology, clinical presentation, and management of common minor ailments including nausea/vomiting, dyspepsia, diarrhea, and constipation. It describes the causes and symptoms of each condition. For management, it recommends lifestyle modifications and discusses various pharmacological treatments including antacids, H2 receptor antagonists, proton pump inhibitors, loperamide, and lactobacillus preparations. The goal is to prevent dehydration and electrolyte loss through oral rehydration and replacement of fluids and minerals.
Clinical Pharmacotherapeutic approach of Musculoskeletal System
Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic inflammatory disease that causes pain, swelling, and loss of function in the joints. It affects around 1-3% of the population worldwide and is three times more common in women than men. The disease involves inflammation of the synovium and destruction of articular cartilage and bone over time. Clinical features include symmetric polyarthritis of small joints in hands and feet, morning stiffness lasting over 30 minutes, and systemic symptoms like fever. Diagnosis is based on clinical features and confirmation with serological tests for rheumatoid factor or imaging tests showing erosions. Long-term treatment aims to reduce inflammation and prevent joint damage.
Clinical Pharmacotherapeutic approach of SPONDYLITIS
Spondylitis is a medical condition discussed in this document. The document was written by Sreenu Thalla, an Associate Professor in the Department of Pharmacology. The document likely provides information about spondylitis from a pharmacology perspective given the author's position.
Clinical Pharmacotherapy of Systemic Lupus Erythematous
Sreenu Thalla is an associate professor in the Department of Pharmacology. He holds the position of associate professor in the Department of Pharmacology. The document provides the name and title of Sreenu Thalla within the Department of Pharmacology.
Clinical Pharmacotherapy of Scabies Disease
This document summarizes diagnostic tests and treatments for scabies. It discusses skin scrapings and burrow ink tests to diagnose scabies microscopically. Permethrin cream is the first-line topical treatment and should be applied from neck to toes and reapplied after a week. Oral ivermectin is used for crusted scabies but is not FDA-approved for scabies. It may require two doses two weeks apart. Benzyl benzoate cream is an alternative but not for pregnant women.
Clinical Pharmacotherapy of Rheumatoid Arthritis
Rheumatoid arthritis is a systemic autoimmune disease that commonly causes chronic inflammation of the joints. Its most typical features include symmetrical polyarthritis, morning stiffness, elevated inflammatory markers, and the presence of autoantibodies. Left untreated, it can lead to early death from cardiovascular complications and causes widespread changes in tissues. While there is no cure, treatment aims to delay disease progression, alleviate symptoms, and reduce functional limitations through supportive medications and sometimes surgery. Careful monitoring of drug toxicities is important when managing rheumatoid arthritis pharmacologically.
Clinical Pharmacotherapy of Psoriasis Disease
Sreenu Thalla is an associate professor in the Department of Pharmacology. He holds the position of associate professor in the Department of Pharmacology. The document provides limited information about Sreenu Thalla and his role as an associate professor in the Department of Pharmacology.
Clinical Pharmacotherapy of Osteoarthritis
- Osteoarthritis begins with changes in cartilage, specifically the depletion of aggrecan and loss of type 2 collagen in the cartilage matrix.
- Nonsurgical treatment options for osteoarthritis pain include physical therapy, occupational therapy, transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation, cortisone injections, and lubrication injections.
- More invasive options are osteotomy to realign bones, and joint replacement surgery which removes damaged joint surfaces and replaces them with prosthetics.
Clinical Pharmacotherapy of Oral Contraceptive Pills
Sreenu Thalla is an associate professor in the Department of Pharmacology. He holds the position of associate professor in the Department of Pharmacology. The document provides the name and title of Sreenu Thalla within the Department of Pharmacology.
Clinical Pharmacotherapy of Impetigo.pptx
This document provides information about Impetigo, a common and contagious skin infection that mainly affects children. It describes the symptoms and signs of Impetigo such as reddish sores that develop into honey-colored crusts. Risk factors include age 2-5 years old, close contact with others, warm weather, and broken skin. Impetigo is caused by bacteria like Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes. Prevention methods include washing clothes and bedding daily, wearing gloves when applying ointment, and keeping infected children home until no longer contagious.
Clinical Pharmacotherapy of Gout disease.pptx
Gout can be treated through both pharmacological and non-pharmacological means, with the goals of terminating attacks, controlling pain and inflammation, preventing future attacks, and avoiding complications like kidney stones. Non-pharmacological treatments include immobilizing affected joints, applying ice, avoiding alcohol to prevent increased uric acid levels, and modifying diet to reduce purines from meat and seafood while increasing protein, unsaturated fats, and fruits like cherries and vitamin C.
Clinical Pharmacotherapy of Eczema disease.pptx
Eczema is a skin condition characterized by itchy, inflamed skin. It is caused by a combination of genetic and environmental factors that result in dry, irritated skin. The LEKTI protein and Toll-like receptors play a role in the immune response and may influence the development of eczema.
Pharmacotherapy of Drug induced kidney disease
The document discusses strategies for preventing drug-induced renal disorders. It recommends ensuring adequate hydration before initiating any nephrotoxic drugs, using the lowest effective dose for the shortest duration possible, and monitoring renal function and drug levels during therapy. The document also suggests discontinuing or reducing the dose of nephrotoxic drugs at the first sign of toxicity, using the lowest dose of contrast agents for those with pre-existing conditions, and ensuring hydration when administering contrast agents.
Pharmacotherapy of Drug induced kidney disease.pptx
Drugs can cause harmful effects on the kidneys. Dr. Sreenu Thalla, an associate professor in the Department of Pharmacology, authored a document about drug induced renal disorders. The document likely discusses various drugs that can damage the kidneys and the mechanisms by which they cause harm.
Pharmacotherapy of Chronic Renal Failure.pptx
This document discusses chronic kidney disease (CKD). It defines CKD as kidney damage or decreased kidney function (eGFR <60 ml/min/1.73m2) persisting for over 3 months. CKD results from diseases affecting the pre-renal, intrinsic renal, or post-renal systems and commonly has no symptoms in early stages. The main causes of CKD are diabetes, hypertension, glomerulonephritis, and cystic kidney diseases. CKD can accelerate due to factors like proteinuria, hypertension, and hyperglycemia.
More from Sreenivasa Reddy Thalla (20)
Balanced Diet, Symptoms, Sources, Prevention, Treatment
Balanced Diet, Symptoms, Sources, Prevention, Treatment
Pyrexia, ophthalmic symptoms and Worm Infestations
Pyrexia, ophthalmic symptoms and Worm Infestations
Clinical Pharmacotherapeutic approach of Musculoskeletal System
Clinical Pharmacotherapeutic approach of Musculoskeletal System
Clinical Pharmacotherapeutic approach of SPONDYLITIS
Clinical Pharmacotherapeutic approach of SPONDYLITIS
Clinical Pharmacotherapy of Systemic Lupus Erythematous
Clinical Pharmacotherapy of Systemic Lupus Erythematous
Clinical Pharmacotherapy of Oral Contraceptive Pills
Clinical Pharmacotherapy of Oral Contraceptive Pills
Pharmacotherapy of Drug induced kidney disease.pptx
Pharmacotherapy of Drug induced kidney disease.pptx
Recently uploaded
Letter to MREC - application to conduct study
Application to conduct study on research title 'Awareness and knowledge of oral cancer and precancer among dental outpatient in Klinik Pergigian Merlimau, Melaka'
TEST BANK FOR Health Assessment in Nursing 7th Edition by Weber Chapters 1 - ...
TEST BANK FOR Health Assessment in Nursing 7th Edition by Weber Chapters 1 - ...rightmanforbloodline
TEST BANK FOR Health Assessment in Nursing 7th Edition by Weber Chapters 1 - 34.
TEST BANK FOR Health Assessment in Nursing 7th Edition by Weber Chapters 1 - 34.
TEST BANK FOR Health Assessment in Nursing 7th Edition by Weber Chapters 1 - 34.Comprehensive Rainy Season Advisory: Safety and Preparedness Tips.pdf
The "Comprehensive Rainy Season Advisory: Safety and Preparedness Tips" offers essential guidance for navigating rainy weather conditions. It covers strategies for staying safe during storms, flood prevention measures, and advice on preparing for inclement weather. This advisory aims to ensure individuals are equipped with the knowledge and resources to handle the challenges of the rainy season effectively, emphasizing safety, preparedness, and resilience.
DECODING THE RISKS - ALCOHOL, TOBACCO & DRUGS.pdf
Introduction: Substance use education is crucial due to its prevalence and societal impact.
Alcohol Use: Immediate and long-term risks include impaired judgment, health issues, and social consequences.
Tobacco Use: Immediate effects include increased heart rate, while long-term risks encompass cancer and heart disease.
Drug Use: Risks vary depending on the drug type, including health and psychological implications.
Prevention Strategies: Education, healthy coping mechanisms, community support, and policies are vital in preventing substance use.
Harm Reduction Strategies: Safe use practices, medication-assisted treatment, and naloxone availability aim to reduce harm.
Seeking Help for Addiction: Recognizing signs, available treatments, support systems, and resources are essential for recovery.
Personal Stories: Real stories of recovery emphasize hope and resilience.
Interactive Q&A: Engage the audience and encourage discussion.
Conclusion: Recap key points and emphasize the importance of awareness, prevention, and seeking help.
Resources: Provide contact information and links for further support.
DRAFT Ventilator Rapid Reference version 2.4.pdf
Ventilator rapid reference for the Zoll Z cvent. Presented for educational purposes only.
PrudentRx: A Resource for Patient Education and Engagement
PrudentRx enhances healthcare by educating patients and ensuring effective medication management in a complex, evolving landscape.
一比一原版(USF毕业证)旧金山大学毕业证如何办理
USF毕业证offer【微信95270640】《旧金山大学毕业证购买》《如何办理USF毕业证旧金山大学文凭学历》Q微信95270640实体公司，专业可靠，办理毕业证办美国成绩单,做加拿大文凭学历认证,办新西兰学位证，学位证书是什么?《制作旧金山大学毕业证多少钱》《USF学历证书丢了怎么办理》办澳洲文凭认证，办留信网认证（网上可查，实体公司，专业可靠）
专业为留学生办理旧金山大学旧金山大学硕士学位证成绩单【100%存档可查】留学全套申请材料办理。本公司承诺所有毕业证成绩单成品全部按照学校原版工艺对照一比一制作和学校一样的羊皮纸张保证您证书的质量！
如果你回国在学历认证方面有以下难题请联系我们我们将竭诚为你解决认证瓶颈
1所有材料真实但资料不全无法提供完全齐整的原件。【如：成绩单丶毕业证丶回国证明等材料中有遗失的。】
2获得真实的国外最终学历学位但国外本科学历就读经历存在问题或缺陷。【如：国外本科是教育部不承认的或者是联合办学项目教育部没有备案的或者外本科没有正常毕业的。】
3学分转移联合办学等情况复杂不知道怎么整理材料的。时间紧迫自己不清楚递交流程的。
如果你是以上情况之一请联系我们我们将在第一时间内给你免费咨询相关信息。我们将帮助你整理认证所需的各种材料.帮你解决国外学历认证难题。
国外旧金山大学旧金山大学硕士学位证成绩单办理方法：
1客户提供办理信息：姓名生日专业学位毕业时间等（如信息不确定可以咨询顾问：我们有专业老师帮你查询旧金山大学旧金山大学硕士学位证成绩单）；
2开始安排制作旧金山大学毕业证成绩单电子图；
3旧金山大学毕业证成绩单电子版做好以后发送给您确认；
4旧金山大学毕业证成绩单电子版您确认信息无误之后安排制作成品；
5旧金山大学成品做好拍照或者视频给您确认；
6快递给客户（国内顺丰国外DHLUPS等快读邮寄）。头贼脑的倒也逗人喜爱日上三竿时山娃总爱窜进自家瓜棚里跟小伙伴们坐着聊天聊着聊着便忍不住往瓜田里逡巡一番抱起一只硕大的西瓜用石刀劈开抑或用拳头砸开每人抱起一大块就啃啃得满嘴满脸猴屁股般的红艳大家一个劲地指着对方吃吃地笑瓜裂得古怪奇形怪状却丝毫不影响瓜味甜丝丝的满嘴生津遍地都是瓜横七竖八的活像掷满了一地的大石块摘走二三只爷爷是断然发现不了的即便发现爷爷也不恼反而教山娃辨认孰熟孰嫩孰甜孰淡名义上是护瓜吃
Top Rated Massage Center In Ajman Chandrima Spa
The best massage spa Ajman is Chandrima Spa Ajman, which was founded in 2023 and is exclusively for men 24 hours a day. As of right now, our parent firm has been providing massage services to over 50,000+ clients in Ajman for the past 10 years. It has about 8+ branches. This demonstrates that Chandrima Spa Ajman is among the most reasonably priced spas in Ajman and the ideal place to unwind and rejuvenate. We provide a wide range of Spa massage treatments, including Indian, Pakistani, Kerala, Malayali, and body-to-body massages. Numerous massage techniques are available, including deep tissue, Swedish, Thai, Russian, and hot stone massages. Our massage therapists produce genuinely unique treatments that generate a revitalized sense of inner serenely by fusing modern techniques, the cleanest natural substances, and traditional holistic therapists.
MYASTHENIA GRAVIS POWER POINT PRESENTATION
Myasthenia gravis is a neurological disease. It affects the grave muscles in our body. Myasthenia gravis affects how the nerves communicate with the muscles. Drooping eyelids and/or double vision are often the first noticeable sign. It is involving the muscles controlling the eyes movement, facial expression, chewing and swallowing. It also effects the muscles neck and lip movement and respiration.
It is a neuromuscular disease characterized by abnormal weakness of voluntary muscles that improved with rest and the administration of anti-cholinesterase drugs.
The person may find difficult to stand, lift objects and speak or swallow. Medications and surgery can help the patient to relieve the symptoms of this lifelong illness.
Hypertension and it's role of physiotherapy in it.
This particular slides consist of- what is hypertension,what are it's causes and it's effect on body, risk factors, symptoms,complications, diagnosis and role of physiotherapy in it.
This slide is very helpful for physiotherapy students and also for other medical and healthcare students.
Here is summary of hypertension -
Hypertension, also known as high blood pressure, is a serious medical condition that occurs when blood pressure in the body's arteries is consistently too high. Blood pressure is the force of blood pushing against the walls of blood vessels as the heart pumps it. Hypertension can increase the risk of heart disease, brain disease, kidney disease, and premature death.
Psychedelic Retreat Portugal - Escape to Lighthouse Retreats for an unforgett...
Our aim is to organise conscious gatherings and retreats for open and inquisitive minds and souls, with and without the assistance of sacred plants.
Professional Secrecy: Forensic Medicine Lecture
Professional Secrecy: Forensic Medicine Lecture , Medical jurisprudence
Top massage center in ajman chandrima Spa
We are one of the top Massage Spa Ajman Our highly skilled, experienced, and certified massage therapists from different corners of the world are committed to serving you with a soothing and relaxing experience. Luxuriate yourself at our spas in Sharjah and Ajman, which are indeed enriched with an ambiance of relaxation and tranquility. We could confidently claim that we are one of the most affordable Spa Ajman and Sharjah as well, where you can book the massage session of your choice for just 99 AED at any time as we are open 24 hours a day, 7 days a week.
Visit : https://massagespaajman.com/
Call : 052 987 1315
Gemma Wean- Nutritional solution for Artemia
GEMMA Wean is a high end larval co-feeding and weaning diet aimed at Artemia optimisation and is fortified with a high level of proteins and phospholipids. GEMMA Wean provides the early weaned juveniles with dedicated fish nutrition and is an ideal follow on from GEMMA Micro or Artemia.
GEMMA Wean has an optimised nutritional balance and physical quality so that it flows more freely and spreads readily on the water surface. The balance of phospholipid classes to- gether with the production technology based on a low temperature extrusion process improve the physical aspect of the pellets while still retaining the high phospholipid content.
GEMMA Wean is available in 0.1mm, 0.2mm and 0.3mm. There is also a 0.5mm micro-pellet, GEMMA Wean Diamond, which covers the early nursery stage from post-weaning to pre-growing.
Friendly Massage in Ajman - Malayali Kerala Spa Ajman
At Malayali Kerala Spa Ajman, Full Service includes individualized care for every client. We specifically design each massage session for the individual needs of the client. Our therapists are always willing to adjust the treatments based on the client's instruction and feedback. This guarantees that every client receives the treatment they expect.
By offering a variety of massage services, our Ajman Spa Massage Center can tackle physical, mental, and emotional illnesses. In addition, efficient identification of specific health conditions and designing treatment plans accordingly can significantly enhance the quality of massaging.
At Malayali Kerala Spa Ajman, we firmly believe that everyone should have the option to experience top-quality massage services regularly. To achieve that goal we offer cheap massage services in Ajman.
If you are interested in experiencing transformative massage treatment at Malayali Kerala Spa Ajman, you can use our Ajman Massage Center WhatsApp Number to schedule your next massage session.
Contact @ +971 529818279
Visit @ https://malayalikeralaspaajman.com/
practical guide of obesityfinal hyper1د حاتم البيطار القمة اكاديمي 0120238902...
https://www.facebook.com/drhatemnutritiondiploma01005684344/
https://www.facebook.com/hospitaldrhatem/
📞 01202389028
📞 01005684344
#دحاتم_البيطار
https://64a832848a05c.site123.me/
https://64a9fcd1e98aa.site123.me/
#دكتور_حاتم_البيطار
#دحاتم_البيطار
#timodentist
#drhatem_elbitar
#محاضر_طبي
#مكافحة_العدوي
#الزمالة_المصرية
#دكتور_اسنان
#الهرم_الغذائي
#ادارة_المستشفيات
#أقوي_اعتماد_في_مصر
#الغذاء_الصحي
#دبلومة_التغذية
#الغذاء
#دحاتم_البيطار
#الغذاء_والتغذية
📞01005684344
💬 واتس 01202389028
#دكتور_حاتم_البيطار
#دحاتم_البيطار
#timodentist
hatem elbitar
مكافحة العدوي
ادارة المستشفيات
الزمالة المصرية
دكتور اسنان
الهرم الغذائي
ادارة المستشفيات
الغذاء الصحي
دبلومة التغذية
الغذاء
البيطار استشاري
slides
الغذاء والتغذية
📞01005684344
💬 واتس 01202389028
Dr Hatem ElBitar
د حاتم البيطار
أستشاري وجراح أسنان
زميل الزمالة المصرية
محاضر ادارة المستشفيات ومكافحة العدوى
01005684344
#دحاتم_البيطار
http://bit.ly/2xzMIlo
https://64a832848a05c.site123.me/
https://64a9fcd1e98aa.site123.me/
https://daalacademy.com/instructor/drhatemelbitar/
MBC Support Group for Black Women – Insights in Genetic Testing.pdf
Christina Spears, breast cancer genetic counselor at the Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, joined us for the MBC Support Group for Black Women to discuss the importance of genetic testing in communities of color and answer pressing questions.
Recently uploaded (20)
TEST BANK FOR Health Assessment in Nursing 7th Edition by Weber Chapters 1 - ...
TEST BANK FOR Health Assessment in Nursing 7th Edition by Weber Chapters 1 - ...
Comprehensive Rainy Season Advisory: Safety and Preparedness Tips.pdf
Comprehensive Rainy Season Advisory: Safety and Preparedness Tips.pdf
PrudentRx: A Resource for Patient Education and Engagement
PrudentRx: A Resource for Patient Education and Engagement
Hypertension and it's role of physiotherapy in it.
Hypertension and it's role of physiotherapy in it.
Psychedelic Retreat Portugal - Escape to Lighthouse Retreats for an unforgett...
Psychedelic Retreat Portugal - Escape to Lighthouse Retreats for an unforgett...
Friendly Massage in Ajman - Malayali Kerala Spa Ajman
Friendly Massage in Ajman - Malayali Kerala Spa Ajman
practical guide of obesityfinal hyper1د حاتم البيطار القمة اكاديمي 0120238902...
practical guide of obesityfinal hyper1د حاتم البيطار القمة اكاديمي 0120238902...
MBC Support Group for Black Women – Insights in Genetic Testing.pdf
MBC Support Group for Black Women – Insights in Genetic Testing.pdf
Intravenous cannula
- 1. Intravenous Cannula Sreenu Thalla Clinical Pharmacologist
- 3. How to hold?
- 13. • This drops per minute calculator allows you to painlessly calculate the number of drops per minute needed for a given intravenous therapy. • Omni calculator tool comes as handy in all types of drip calculations: help you find the volume, time and the drop factor value. • To discover the drop factor equation, (guttae) ggts per minute formula and tips on how to calculate the drip rate per minute or hour.
- 14. • To calculate the flow rate in drops per minute, you'll need to input the following data: The volume of the desired infusion. The planned time of the infusion. The drop factor/ calibration - number of guttae (drops in Latin) for every unit of solution. That's it! Check the advanced mode button for the number of drops per hour. How to use the drops per minute calculator?
- 18. T H A N K Y O U