Yemen is experiencing rapid urbanization and population growth, increasing transportation demands. The traditional traffic system relies on traffic police and paper maps, causing terrible congestion problems. To address this, intelligent transportation systems (ITS) are needed to reduce traffic jams, detect accidents, and guide travelers using sensors on roads and vehicles. ITS involves monitoring real-time traffic conditions through collected data, which is sent to traffic management centers (TMC) that store data and control infrastructure like traffic lights to manage traffic flow.

1. Introduction
Yemen is one of the growing countries, which tend to rise in
urbanization in the Middle East and North Africa, hence the efficiency
of its cities is essential for economic growth in the future, including to
the transport system, accordance with the recommendations of the
World Bank [1] .
Also have a growth in population, further increasing transportation
needs.
In urban areas where the report showed the official of the central office
of statistics said Yemen recorded more than 938 thousand new vehicles
during the past 15 years, "distributed to boards of public transport ,
private and the fare" the capital Sana'a is the first in the number of
registered 193000 vehicles and 789 cars and 50,000 vehicles enter to it
every day [2].
In additional Transportation System (TS) is still traditional traffic system
depends on where the traffic-man manages the traffic flow
,accidents detection and ease congestion also depends on the driver and
a paper maps to determine the routing plans and locations of travelers.
Therefore it is seeing terrible road congestion problems in its cities and
this had to be the existence of intelligent transportation systems to
reduce traffic jam , congestion control ,accident detection and guide
travelers in addition providing emergency services and save the lives of
peoples and their money.
Before appeared (ITS) the transportation elements develop rapidly ,the
modern history of road transport also involves the development of new
vehicles such as new models of horse-drawn vehicles, bicycles, motor
cars, motor trucks and electric vehicles, The modern roads for
transportation involves a lot of improvement in the society, contributing

2. for an easy life of transport and that is what happened and still
happening today and that helps to appear (ITS) [10] .
Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) covers all elements of transport
( car- driver -Infrastructure) and general function is the process of
improving decision-making often in real-time [4], and these ITS services
can be thought of as an information chain, as shown in the following [4] .
Intelligent Transportation Systems(ITS) to monitor the real traffic
conditions through the collection and processing of data using remote
sensors located in the roads which several models ,such sensing methods
can thus be used for applications like travel time estimates and
congestion maps to be disseminated to commuters, which can tolerate
aperiodicity and noisiness.
The first things that we need information from road infrastructure and
vehicles , there are existing methods of sensing that provide data
acquisition:
Static sensing devices are fixed to the sides of roads used technique :
loops and magnetic sensor to detect vehicles and counting using
magnetic sensors or loops under the road surface and has traditionally
been in use in developed countries [4 ,5].
image and video surveillance to gives traffic and accidents detection and
hotspots and gives a comprehensive survey of applications traffic [4,8].

3. Yemen traffic (source [3])
acoustic sensor is used to estimate the condition of traffic congestion
begins when the noise of vehicles and this is one of the solutions of
intelligent transportation system [9] .
Mobile sensing sensors located on the vehicle technology uses GPS (
Global position system) in vehicles and there are many transportation
companies use this method to track their vehicles and count in real-time
and this information (Data sensing) is sent to a central control room via
wireless cellular network like (GSM) or (GPRS) to send the real
location and speed [7].
GPS in a smart phone this technique used to identify hotspots and
calculate real-time traffic .
Sensor in smart phones these devices have sensors that can provide
interesting information .
hybrid sensing is a collection of techniques use both fixed
infrastructure and mobile sensing to get information traffic and it
contains:
Tele-density its density technique operators can cellular phone that
gives you information on the number of vehicles in the traditional tower
specific cells [7] .
Bluetooth a system is placed on the side of the road ( Bluetooth wireless
detector to detect phones inside the vehicle ).
Radio frequency identification(RFID) The process of exploration
vehicles using RFID tags to trucks them as
well as RFID reader in the streets to interact
with their tags [7] .
we need to make a careful choice of which
mode to use when and how to mix them
appropriately in Yemen traffic.

4. TMC (source [11])
These information(sensed data) sends to the traffic management center
(TMC) to store in the server by the network wired or wireless network
or both.
TMC is a hub where all of the City's traffic control
systems are monitored, managed and decision
support, on the infrastructure side and vehicle side
,that's all by a team of traffic engineers .
TMC components:
Closed Circuit Television Systems (CCTV) and video
surveillance systems are becoming more
commonplace in city streets, surveillance is
becoming an integral component of access control methods augmented
with access tracking systems, independent control and real-time
monitoring , more details in [11] .
In infrastructure side the purpose is to keep vehicle density below
saturation .through computer algorithm, the cycle of traffic light can be
determined ,also the measurement of traffic flow upstream and
downstream , the operators watch all information and can operate
dynamic massage signal, traffic light , etc.
In vehicle side traffic information terminal can provide route guidance,
or some information (distance, speed, locations) to the driver to support
vehicle control . display data about current traffic conditions obtained
from the control center shown as icons on the digital map[4].
Map database management (MDBM) becoming more common in
automotive vehicles they serve to perform usual navigation functions
such as finding a route to a desired destination and guiding the driver to
it or determining the vehicle’s location and providing information about
nearby points of interest [4,12].

5. Map providers choose various models of a road network as a basis to
formulate a database. Commonly, such a model comprises basic
elements (nodes, links and areas) of the road network and properties of
those elements (location coordinates, shape, addresses, road class, speed
range, etc.), each node represents a point location of the surface of the
Earth and is represented by a pair of longitude and latitude
coordinates, each link represents a stretch of road between two nodes
[12].
References :
[1] https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/2981?show=full 1/4/2014
[2] http://www.msaderye.net/muta1.php?d_no=124&no=155201 3/4/2014
[3] http://www.alwahdawi.net/news_details.php?lng=arabic&sid=11218 5/4/2014
[4] Intelligent Transportation Systems - Index ITS Handbook chapter 1. Chapter 2
[5] S. Cheung, S. Coleri, B. Dundar, S. Ganesh, C. Tan, and P. Varaiya. Traffic measurement and vehicle
classification with a single magnetic sensor. Paper ucb-its-pwp-2004-7, California Partners for Advanced
Transit and Highways (PATH), 2004
[6] B. Coifman and M. Cassidy. Vehicle reidentification and travel time measurement on congested
freeways.
[7] Rijurekha Sen, Bhaskaran Raman Intelligent Transport Systems for Indian Cities
[8] http://www.visioway.com, http://www.traficon.com 5/4/2014
[9] R. Sen, P. Siriah, and B. Raman. Roadsoundsense: Acoustic sensing based road congestion
monitoring in developing regions. In IEEE SECON , June 2011.
[10] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_transport 11/4/2014
[11] http://www.siemon.com/uk/white_papers/03-10-29-cctv.asp 14/4/2014
[12] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Map_database_management 12/4/2014