Salman's presentation topic was on interferons. The document discussed that interferons are cell signaling proteins produced by cells in response to pathogens like viruses, bacteria, and parasites. There are three main types of interferons - Type I (IFN-α and IFN-β), Type II (IFN-γ). Type I interferons signal nearby uninfected cells and activate antiviral proteins to degrade viral nucleic acids and prevent replication. Interferons are used clinically in recombinant forms as drugs to treat various viral diseases and cancers.

1. Name :salman
Class no: 18
Subject :immunology
Presentation topic :interferon's

2. Interferon's
Interferon are a large family of cell secretary proteins
(cytokines)
They are cell signaling molecule of the immune system
interferon are produce by human cell
Give response to invasion by several pathogen
like virus , bacteria and parasite
 also produce by tumor and cancer cell

3. Coun,t..
• Interferons are so named because of
their ability to interfere with viral
replication

4. Types of interferon
INF,S
Type I
Type II
IFN- α and IFN- β
IFN- γ

5. Type I interferons ;INF α and β
Identical in structure and function
INF α are secreted by virally infected
leukocytes
e,g macrophages, monocytes and some
lymphocytes
INF β are secreted by fibroblasts

6. Type I interferon interfere with viral replication in
uninfected cell
Also alert immune cell such as NK that an infection has
occurred

7. Anti-Viral Mechanisms
 When virus infect the cell
 Transfer the nucleic acid to the target cell
 Produce new viruses
 Response of the cell is to produce interferon (interferon 1)
 INF are move and bind to the near cell that are uninfected
 Give the signal to the cell to produce antiviral protein
 When virus infect the cell the antiviral protein are activated and
degrade the virus nucleic acid

10. •Different Interferon Drugs
• Interferons are broken down into recombinant versions of a specific
interferon subtype and purified blends of natural human interferon.
• Many of these are in clinical use and are given intramuscularly or
subcutaneously
• Recombinant forms of alpha interferon include:
•Alpha-2a drug name Roferon
•Alpha-2b drug name Intron A
•Alpha-n1 drug name Wellferon
•Alpha-n3 drug name AlferonN

11. •Alpha-con1 drug name InfergenRecombinant forms of
beta interferon include:
•Beta-1a drug name Avonex
•Beta-1b drug name Betaseron