The document discusses different categories of instructional media including text media such as printed books and projected texts, audio media like records and audio players, visual media that utilizes pictures and images, motion media like videos, people media which uses people as a teaching resource, and manipulative media involving physical objects used for hands-on learning. Instructional media can stimulate student learning through various formats and engage students in concrete, visual ways of developing concepts and understanding subjects.

1. INSTRUCTIONAL MEIDA
CATEGORIES OF INSTRUCTIONAL
MEDIA

3. TEXT MEDIA
• Text media consists of alphanumeric letter
and characters either printed on papers,
books, or projected from a computer screen. It
is the most commonly used media in most
classrooms today.

4. Types of text media
•Printed Books, brochures, newspapers,
manuals
•Displayed Bulletin boards, flipcharts
•Projected Texts projected by LCD or overhead
projectors
•Digital E-books, E-zines, E-journal

6. AUDIO MEDIA
Audio media refers to the various means that can make
human voice and other sounds into more
powerful forms of information, communication, and
education.
Its type ranges from
• the traditional vinyl records
• cassette tapes to digital ones like compact discs and
• portable media players.
The use of audio media can stimulate students learning
and may serve as motivation for them. From the
content areas like Math and Science to the musically
inclined subjects, audio media has a great application.

8. VISUAL MEDIA
Most of us are visual people. We learn and
remember things through pictures or images. Visual
media has a great contribution to our learning. Our
mind processes messages as images rather than as
audio or texts. A person should be visually literate in
order to critically evaluate, examine and efficiently
use various visual representations around him.
A visually literate person finds and accesses needed
images efficiently. He can also evaluate the
appropriateness and reliability of the image before
using it. Furthermore, he can also make and create his
own visual designs.

10. MOTION MEDIA
• As the name connotes, it is MEDIA IN MOTION. It combines
motion, color, and sound in ways that can show ideas
better than any other medium. Videos are example of this
kind of media. Advantages of using motion media in the
classroom are as follows:
• 1. Motion is the best media in portraying concepts that
include motion. (E.g. The division of cells)
• 2. Steps and procedures can be shown more effectively.
• 3. It provides risk-free observation. Phenomena that might
be dangerous when view directly, like volcanic eruption,
can be shown in videos without causing any hazardous
effect.
• 4. It can also bring affective impact to students

12. PEOPLE MEDIA
• This media has two types: People as media and
People in media. The former is the use of people
as a medium by utilizing the people themselves
to transfer information while the latter pertains
to the people working in mass media. Examples
of people as media
are teachers, students, administration, resource s
peakers, etc.
• People in media include the editorial board, tv
and radio people etc.

14. MANIPULATIVE MEDIA
• physical objects that are used as teaching tools to engage students
in the hands-on learning of different subjects.
(such as markers, toothpicks, or coins) provide visible
models that help students solve problems and develop concepts.
• Enables students to explore concepts at the first, or concrete level
of understanding.
• Using concrete manipulative is the first step to using mental images
and models.
• Students can easily remember the lesson through images by the
use if manipulatives.