Inheritance allows for the creation of derived classes that inherit capabilities from base classes, while allowing the derived classes to add their own unique properties and behaviors. The chapter discusses key inheritance concepts like access specifiers, generalization in UML class diagrams, substituting base class constructors and member functions, protected access specifiers, abstract base classes, public and private inheritance, multiple inheritance, and aggregation. Multiple inheritance can lead to ambiguity if member functions and constructors are not implemented carefully.

1. Inheritance:
Chapter 9:
Ms. Munazza Mah Jabeen
Assistant Professor of Computer Science

2. Inheritance:
• Inheritance is the
process of creating new
classes, called derived
classes, from existing or
base classes. The
derived class inherits all
the capabilities of the
base class but can add
embellishments and
refinements of its own

3. Access specifiers without/with inheritance:
• Derived Class and Base Class
• Specifying the Derived Class
• Generalization in UML Class
Diagrams
• Accessing Base Class Members
• Substituting Base Class Constructors
• Substituting Base Class Member
Functions
• The protected Access Specifier
• Base Class Unchanged
• Derived Class Constructors

4. Class Hierarchies:
• “Abstract” Base Class
• Public and Private
Inheritance

5. Multiple Inheritance:
• Member Functions in Multiple Inheritance
• Constructors in Multiple Inheritance
• No-Argument Constructor
• Multi-Argument Constructors
• Ambiguity in Multiple Inheritance
• Aggregation: Classes Within Classes