Infrastructure includes facilities like electricity, transportation, water, sanitation, and telecommunications that are provided to the public. Infrastructure development is key to economic growth and reducing poverty. It has advantages like simplifying transportation, distributing water and electricity, creating jobs, and building sewerage systems. However, it also has disadvantages like threatening biodiversity through dams and transportation networks, increasing debt burdens, and killing birds through collisions with structures. Since the war in Sri Lanka, infrastructure rehabilitation and development has included highways, bridges, water systems, electricity, ports, airports, power projects, and road networks to support economic and social development.

2. What is Infrastructure ?
Infrastructure is defined as facilities provided to the public
through electricity, gas, telecoms, transport,
highways/roads, water supply, sanitation and sewerage
services.

3.  Without Infrastructure development no country can
develop & make the citizens to have peaceful & easy life.
 Infrastructure development has a key role to play in both
economic growth and poverty reduction.
 There are lot of advantages and disadvantages due to the
infrastructure development.
Impacts due to Infrastructure
Development

4. Advantages (Sector wise)
 Development in the transportation
Simplify the transportation, reduces traffic congestion,
travel time & vehicle operating cost through building of
highways & railways.
 Distribution of tap water
Distributing purified tap water at a low cost to every
householder will lead to reduce the water borne diseases.

5. ► Facility of electricity
By giving electricity to every household at a reasonable tariff will
raise their living standard.
► Job Opportunities
Development of infrastructures will lead to reduce unemployment
problems that is being faced as a key issue in many parts of the world.

6. ► Sewerage Systems
By developing a pollution free sewerage system will
lead to reduce the disease & keep the environment
friendly & clean.
► Express ways
By constructing express ways linking main towns &
provinces will reduce the travel time

7. • Dams and barrages are an increasing threat
Dams, barrages, canals and other major hydro-engineering
schemes may have serious impacts on river-basin
ecosystems and their resident populations of birds and
other organisms.
Large dams in particular have had widespread negative
impacts on biodiversity, and have disrupted many existing
ecosystem services
Disadvantages

8. • Threats to biodiversity have much deeper causes
The problems are made worse by global imbalances in power
and wealth, perverse incentives for the destruction of natural
resources, and the rise in both human numbers and individual
consumption.

9. • Transport networks can have far-reaching impacts
Poor planning in transportation can have far-reaching
negative impacts on ecosystems, including destruction and
fragmentation of habitats, spread of invasive alien species
and direct mortality.
• Getting loan facilities from donor agencies
Loan taken from the funding agencies will increase & will
become a burden to the economy of the country.

10. • Artificial structures kill millions of birds each year
Artificial structures of all kinds, electric pylons and wind
farms, pose a direct threat to migration birds. Huge numbers
of birds are killed or injured by collision with these
structures

11. After the War/ Current
Situation
Rehabilitation in road & water sectors.
 Construction of Highways
 Building bridges & subways
 Tap water supplying to most of the island
 Electricity supply
 Developments made in urban areas

12. Major Sea Port and Airport development
• Hambantota Port Development
• Expansion of Bandaranaike International Airport
• Development of a second International airport at
Mattala

13. National & Foreign income increased
 Alternative Airports
 Alternative Harbors
 Newly built hotels
 New social infrastructures
 Hospitals with modern technology

14. Major power projects
 Norochcholai Coal Power Project
 Trincomalee Coal Power Project
 Upper Kothmale Hydro Power Project
(UKHP)

15. Development of High Mobility Road Network
 Colombo - Katunayake Expressway (25km)
 Southern Highway (126km) {from Kottawa to Matara}
 Outer Circular Highway (OCH)
 Colombo - Kandy Highway (99km)_ in the pipe line
 Northern Expressway_ in the pipe line

16. Thank you