A Presentation on infrastructure development, globalization, impact of infrastructure development, sustainable development in infrastructure and some case studies
S Ramage GEO UN-GGIM HLF Mexico Nov 2017Steven Ramage
Considerations around geospatial approaches for working on the UN 2030 Agenda for sustainable development, including links between different SDGs, civil society participation and standards.
S Ramage GEO UN-GGIM HLF Mexico Nov 2017Steven Ramage
Considerations around geospatial approaches for working on the UN 2030 Agenda for sustainable development, including links between different SDGs, civil society participation and standards.
ENVIRONMENTAL CONCERNS AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT - WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE T...vijay kumar sarabu
There is direct relationship between environment and economic development. Economic development without environmental considerations can cause serious environmental damage in turn impairing the quality of life of present and future generations. In the process of economic development, the environmental problems have been ignored or less concentrated. Any country’s environmental problems are related to the level of its economic development, the availability of natural resources and the lifestyle of its population. In India, rapid growth of population, poverty, urbanization, industrialization and several related factors are responsible for the rapid degradation of the environment. Environmental problems have become serious in many parts of the country, and hence cannot be ignored. The main environmental problems in India relate to air and water pollution particularly in metropolitan cities and industrial zones, degradation of common property resources (Tanks, Ponds Lakes, Rivers, Forests etc.) which affect the poor adversely as they depends on them for their livelihood, threat to biodiversity and inadequate system of solid waste disposal and sanitation with consequent adverse impact on health, infant mortality and birth rate.
Request all to join in the initiative of thought leadership platform and in my endeavour of sincere efforts of contributing towards science and society.
STEPS Annual Lecture 2017: Achim Steiner - Doomed to fail or bound to succeed...STEPS Centre
Achim Steiner, incoming UNDP director, gave the STEPS Annual lecture at the University of Sussex on 15 May 2017. Find out more: https://steps-centre.org/event/steps-annual-lecture-achim-steiner/
The UN explains: Investments in infrastructure – transport, irrigation, energy and information and communication technology – are crucial to achieving sustainable development and empowering communities in many countries. It has long been recognized that growth in productivity and incomes, and improvements in health and education outcomes require investment in infrastructure. How the world is doing, metrics defined to measure success span from road access for rural populations, Passenger and freight volumes, manufacturing value-added as a proportion of GDP and per capita and others, what do the metrics say about ongoing projects, what is needed to run project that improves one or more of the established metrics?
Agenda:
To be discussed with subject-matter experts
1. What is a sustainable infrastructure?
2. What do we mean by "sustainable infrastructure for climate change resilience"?
3. In what consists a "sustainable energy infrastructure"?
4. How to secure the critical sustainable infrastructure?
5. What is the process of digital transformation of sustainable infrastructure?
6. How does financing sustainable infrastructure work?
7. Are there best practices in sustainable infrastructure development projects?
A seminar organized by Pokhara University, United Technical Engineering College (M.Sc. Construction Management Department) Bharatpur, 11 Chitawan
Climate change has become the enormous challenge in the 21st century.
United Nations General Assembly Informal dialogue on building resilience and ...Christina Parmionova
The world is at a crossroads in harnessing the potential of infrastructure connectivity. It
has been estimated that US$ 4.2 trillion can be saved by investing in more resilient
infrastructure due to reduced losses and damages, and lower recovery costs post-disaster.
For the SDGs to be achieved, and for a low-carbon, climate-resilient future to be unlocked,
US$ 6.9 trillion per year must be invested by 2030. The Sendai Framework for Disaster
Risk Reduction and the Paris Agreement call for sustainable and resilient infrastructure
to mitigate the effects of climate change and to future-proof existing assets.Reliable and s ustainable infrastructure can set countries towards a development path
marked by reduced infrastructure damage, minimized systemic risk, and fast-paced progress towards the SDGs. This will require an unprecedented scale up of investments
from both the public and private sectors. Delaying this process will only increase the costs
and lead to stagnant development, abandoned infrastructure assets, and escalating existential risk. Promoting and facilitating sustainable development through regional and inter-regional infrastructure connectivity will allow for a fast-streamed attainment of the
2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development across both developed and developing
countries.
Expanding nodular development (end) sustainable urbanisationNeilBaulch
This Paper was prompted by the increasingly obvious adverse effects of the ‘Urban Sprawl’ mode of urban expansion of Australian capital cities. Population of the nation is increasing steadily with a fertility rate of about 1.8 babies per woman, and a net overseas migration of about 180,000 persons per year. With over 64% of the nation’s population concentrated into the capital cities, there is a magnification effect for them, as demonstrated by Melbourne which is increasing at the rate of 2%,while Victoria as a whole is increasing at 1.8%. At this rate the actual increase for Melbourne is an alarming 82,000 per year, which is approaching the population of Ballarat. These high rates of population increase are problematic, and if not addressed now, could impose severe restrictions to the nation’s future economy and unfavourably affect the wellbeing of its citizens.
The Governance of Sustainability
Tuesday 10 October 2023
Presented by:
Roger Garrini and Katherine Ingham
Content Description:
When analysing the issues of sustainability, it is clear that many issues will be addressed with complex projects and programmes which provide opportunities for good governance to influence. It is important that the Governance is sound and the PM community must be supported. We will discuss these issues in this session.
Detailed description of Environmental Impact Assessment - Historical Background - Objectives - Assessment procedure - Necessity in Water resources projects - Environmental discourse on DAM construction - Case study
Final project report on grocery store management system..pdfKamal Acharya
In today’s fast-changing business environment, it’s extremely important to be able to respond to client needs in the most effective and timely manner. If your customers wish to see your business online and have instant access to your products or services.
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This document will discuss each of the underlying technologies to create and implement an e- commerce website.
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The UN explains: Investments in infrastructure – transport, irrigation, energy and information and communication technology – are crucial to achieving sustainable development and empowering communities in many countries. It has long been recognized that growth in productivity and incomes, and improvements in health and education outcomes require investment in infrastructure. How the world is doing, metrics defined to measure success span from road access for rural populations, Passenger and freight volumes, manufacturing value-added as a proportion of GDP and per capita and others, what do the metrics say about ongoing projects, what is needed to run project that improves one or more of the established metrics?
Agenda:
To be discussed with subject-matter experts
1. What is a sustainable infrastructure?
2. What do we mean by "sustainable infrastructure for climate change resilience"?
3. In what consists a "sustainable energy infrastructure"?
4. How to secure the critical sustainable infrastructure?
5. What is the process of digital transformation of sustainable infrastructure?
6. How does financing sustainable infrastructure work?
7. Are there best practices in sustainable infrastructure development projects?
A seminar organized by Pokhara University, United Technical Engineering College (M.Sc. Construction Management Department) Bharatpur, 11 Chitawan
Climate change has become the enormous challenge in the 21st century.
United Nations General Assembly Informal dialogue on building resilience and ...Christina Parmionova
The world is at a crossroads in harnessing the potential of infrastructure connectivity. It
has been estimated that US$ 4.2 trillion can be saved by investing in more resilient
infrastructure due to reduced losses and damages, and lower recovery costs post-disaster.
For the SDGs to be achieved, and for a low-carbon, climate-resilient future to be unlocked,
US$ 6.9 trillion per year must be invested by 2030. The Sendai Framework for Disaster
Risk Reduction and the Paris Agreement call for sustainable and resilient infrastructure
to mitigate the effects of climate change and to future-proof existing assets.Reliable and s ustainable infrastructure can set countries towards a development path
marked by reduced infrastructure damage, minimized systemic risk, and fast-paced progress towards the SDGs. This will require an unprecedented scale up of investments
from both the public and private sectors. Delaying this process will only increase the costs
and lead to stagnant development, abandoned infrastructure assets, and escalating existential risk. Promoting and facilitating sustainable development through regional and inter-regional infrastructure connectivity will allow for a fast-streamed attainment of the
2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development across both developed and developing
countries.
Expanding nodular development (end) sustainable urbanisationNeilBaulch
This Paper was prompted by the increasingly obvious adverse effects of the ‘Urban Sprawl’ mode of urban expansion of Australian capital cities. Population of the nation is increasing steadily with a fertility rate of about 1.8 babies per woman, and a net overseas migration of about 180,000 persons per year. With over 64% of the nation’s population concentrated into the capital cities, there is a magnification effect for them, as demonstrated by Melbourne which is increasing at the rate of 2%,while Victoria as a whole is increasing at 1.8%. At this rate the actual increase for Melbourne is an alarming 82,000 per year, which is approaching the population of Ballarat. These high rates of population increase are problematic, and if not addressed now, could impose severe restrictions to the nation’s future economy and unfavourably affect the wellbeing of its citizens.
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When analysing the issues of sustainability, it is clear that many issues will be addressed with complex projects and programmes which provide opportunities for good governance to influence. It is important that the Governance is sound and the PM community must be supported. We will discuss these issues in this session.
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About
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
Technical Specifications
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
Key Features
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system
• Copatiable with IDM8000 CCR
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
Application
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
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2. SYLLABUS
✘ Information Technology and Systems for Successful
Infrastructure Management,
✘ Innovative Design and Maintenance of Infrastructure
Facilities,
✘ Infrastructure Modeling and Life Cycle Analysis
Techniques,
✘ Capacity Building and Improving the Governments Role
in Infrastructure Implementation,
✘ An Integrated Framework for Successful Infrastructure
Planning and Management –
✘ Infrastructure Management Systems and Future
Directions.
2
3. What Is infrastructure?
✘ Infrastructure consists of basic systems and facilities,
which include transportation, buildings,
communication systems, water supply, power supply,
etc.
✘ Infrastructure development is essential to facilitate a
country’s economic development and reduce poverty.
✘ well‐designed infrastructure can facilitate a country’s
economic development and can reduce the cost of
trade, it’s the key to raising the living standard of the
people and reducing poverty
3
4. Insight of the infrastructure sector in India
✘ Any country having a robust infrastructure will be a strong
economically, socially and politicallydeveloped country.
✘ It is far easier for such a nation to build up any superstructure like
dams, high-quality bridges etc.
✘ If we go through the development history of all developed countries
it tellsus that unless a country is having sound infrastructure
sectors, it cannot achieve rapid economic development.
✘ To understand these let us compare the per capita income of China
and India, for the year 1980, where China had around 195$ and that of
India it was 260$.
✘ China has been able to increase its economy as well as per capita
income by putting its effort in developing its infrastructure such as
roads, good quality highways, ports etc.
✘ Today, China is a manufacturing and engineering hub of the world,
which helped in raising its per capita income to 10,000$, which is far
more than India’s per capita income i.e. 2100$.
4
6. List of Sector and Sub Sector of
Infrastructure Project
6
7. List of Sector and Sub Sector of
Infrastructure Project
7
8. List of Sector and Sub Sector of
Infrastructure Project
8
9. WHAT IS GLOBALIZATION?
9
✘ “The processes of collaboration and coordination among
the people, organization, and governments of various
countries, a method determined by universal trade and
investment and supported by information technology”
✘ In recent years, globalization has led to an increase in
domestic and international infrastructure development
and connectivity at an unprecedented rate.
10. GLOBALIZATION
✘ Globalization has made the development of transport and
communication feasible.
✘ This means that the world is becoming more and more
interconnected, and people and countries can exchange
information, goods, knowledge and services with ease.
✘ Nowadays, data and information are promptly conveyed
and universally available, making geographical vicinity less
important in the success of any infrastructure project.
✘ With globalization, the way people think about
infrastructure and decision making related to
infrastructure has also undergone various changes.
10
11. CASE STUDIES
✘ China has invested a huge amount in infrastructure
since 1990, particularly in road infrastructure.
✘ Li (2010), in his report, cited the example of
Lanzhou‐Xinjiang railroad.
✘ He reported that, within 3 years of completion of this
road, trade volume was observed to increase by 40%,
and trade cost was reduced by 30%, indicating a net
social return to society of roughly 30% per year.
✘ Thus, it can be seen that well‐designed infrastructure
can facilitate a country’s economic development and
can reduce the cost of trade: it’s the key to raising the
living standard of the people and reducing poverty
(Ali and Pernia 2003).
11
13. However, infrastructure development often comes at
the cost of the local environment.
These are well documented in energy construction
work, transportation, sanitation, irrigation works,
etc. as explained in the following sections.
14. Energy Sector
✘ The local environment generally is subjected to risks from
construction and operation of infrastructure that would result in
environmental damage if not mitigated or remunerated effectively.
✘ This is well acknowledged especially in operations that involve power
plants.
✘ The crop yield was reported to decline by 5–30% for around 70% of all
crops in China due to acid rains and other consequences resulting
from coal combustion (Chameides et al. 1999).
✘ A similar observation was reported in India, where in areas located
near large power plants, there was a ~50% reduction in crop yield
(Shalizi 2007).
✘ Particulates and smog coming out of large power plants and from
traffic are thought to cause around 427000 and 107000 annual deaths
in China and India, respectively (Shilling 2007).
16. Transportation Work
✘ Similarly, with road construction, despite the widely
accepted fact that road construction will promote both
economic and social benefits (Amadi 1988), it can likewise
add to environmental damage.
✘ For instance, it can cause an increase in immigration and
increase in harvesting of environmental resources needed
for urban market supply.
✘ These can lead to deforestation, increases in landslides,
extraction of fuelwood and extinction of wildlife (Forman
and Alexander 1998).
✘ Road construction can also directly impact the
environment, e.g. erosion and sedimentation caused by the
unpaved roads (Amos 2008).
16
18. Irrigation Work
✘ Irrigation infrastructure, such as in the case of road construction or
the energy sector, can be both advantageous and harmful.
✘ Irrigation infrastructure helps to store and transport water, thus
helping farmers to reduce their dependencies on rain, allowing a
greater intensity of cultivation on their existing land.
✘ However, it can also lead to excessive water usage, salinization of
groundwater, land degradation and can even lead to downstream
pollution (due to use of pesticides etc.).
✘ In its report the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment (MEA 2005a)
claimed that irrigation has already consumed around 20–30% of the
world’s available fresh water.
✘ A study carried out by the United Nations Environment Programme
(Morris et al. 2003) reported that almost 50% of the world’s irrigated
land is affected by salinity, alkalinity and waterlogging
18
20. Sanitation Work
✘ In contrast, construction of sanitation structures presents an
example of infrastructure that is good for public health and the
environment.
✘ The United Nations Task Force in its report (Lenton 2005)
stresses the importance of improved sanitation infrastructure,
points out its benefits related to health, poverty and the
environment, and recommends steps to promote this
infrastructure.
20
22. The impact of infrastructure
✘ The impact of infrastructure on the environment is more pronounced
in developing countries.
✘ Development of infrastructure without proper planning leads to
environmental and infrastructure problems (Shilling 2007).
✘ Improper planning and construction of roads leads to erosion,
preventing access to waste collection and firefighting.
✘ Lack of electricity will lead to the cutting down of more trees to be used
for cooking and heating purposes; lack of sanitation and good drinking
water supply will lead to diseases (Shilling 2007).
✘ The United Nations Environment Programme in its reports claims that
environmental damage because of lack of sustainable infrastructure
has increased and will pose a great threat to developing countries in
particular, and may undermine their potential for sustainable growth
(Lenton 2005).
22
23. Global Warming and Climate Change
in a Globalized World
✘ Climate change due to global warming is the biggest environmental
problem faced by mankind living in the age of globalization.
✘ With the increase in the globalization of goods and services, we are
also observing more fossil fuels being exchanged to sustain this
production, leading to more carbon emissions, which is the main
cause of global warming.
✘ Greenhouse gases, which were identified as the major cause of global
warming, have now reached the highest levels ever recorded in
history.
✘ Climate change is now influencing every nation on the planet. It
already has a considerable impact on the ecosystem, life of
infrastructure, national economies and lives of communities
(Pachauri and Reisinger 2007).
23
25. Global Warming and Climate Change
in a Globalized World
✘ Climate change will affect all kinds of infrastructure, including the
water, energy and transport sectors.
✘ If no actions are taken, these greenhouse gases will further increase
in the atmosphere and will threaten the efficiency and reliability of all
kinds of infrastructure (IPCC 2014), with the consequences of social
and economic impacts.
25
29. Sustainable development
✘ Sustainable development is the need of the hour in
our effort to slow down climate change.
✘ Sustainable development does not necessarily mean
that a nation should stop economic growth for the
sake of protecting the environment; however, it
aims at promoting economic development that is
ecofriendly.
✘ Dealing with climate change alone could be very
expensive; therefore, integrating development
policies as part of the solution can be one of the
ways to slow down climate change
29
30. Adapting Infrastructure to Climate Change
✘ Over the past few decades, efforts and investment have
been made to lessen the amount of CO2 emissions from the
infrastructure sector.
✘ Yet, in spite of these endeavors, scientific reports show that
the current CO2 emissions generated from the existing
infrastructure are still responsible for significant climate
change (Pachauri and Reisinger 2007).
✘ Most of the existing infrastructure, comprising buildings,
water, roads and energy, is not designed to endure changes
in environmental conditions (IPCC 2014).
✘ Over these past few years, unpredictable changes in
weather conditions have been observed to cause some
challenges to the current infrastructure.
30
31. Adapting Infrastructure to Climate Change
✘ The literature has reported that extreme weather
conditions such as snowfall have resulted in travel
disturbances, slower speeds, travel delays and accidents
(Knapp and Smithson 2000; Datla and Sharma 2010).
✘ Changes in precipitation and runoff have influenced the
water supply and water quality (Frederick and Major 1997);
various infrastructure assets and services have been
affected by extreme climate, making them vulnerable to
floods and drought (Adger 1999).
31
32. Adapting Infrastructure to Climate Change
✘ In the coming 30–50 years, more climatic changes are
expected to occur (Pachauri and Reisinger 2007). We might
further experience drastic changes in temperature, rainfall
patterns and more frequent extreme events like drought
and freezing winters.
✘ Hence, we need to act today. We need to plan and decide
what necessary steps are to be taken to ensure that our
infrastructure is sustainable and resilient enough to meet
any unpredictable challenges in the future.
✘ Planners, designers and engineers must plan and design
sustainable infrastructure that integrates decarbonization
as well as being adaptive against various extreme climates.
32
33. Adapting Infrastructure to Climate Change
✘ Moreover, most infrastructure will have a considerable
lifespan; therefore it will be subjected not only to adverse
climate condition at the time of construction but also to
unpredictable climate variations in the future.
✘ Therefore, in order to enhance the sustainability and
resilience of the structures, they should be designed in such
a way they can withstand any extreme climate changes
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34. Building Climate‐Resilient Infrastructure
✘ Newly built infrastructure can become climate
resilient by guaranteeing that the structure is
situated, designed, constructed and used keeping
both current and future climates in mind.
✘ Existing infrastructure can be made climate
resilient by making sure that maintenance factors in
integrated resilience to the effects of climate change
over the structure’s lifespan.
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35. Building Climate‐Resilient Infrastructure
✘ To accomplish this, promising adaptation actions consist of
1. Checking and verifying that the infrastructures are resilient enough
for the likely increase in extreme weather events such as heat
waves, floods, drought, storms, etc.
2. Building flexibility into infrastructure so that, in the future, it can be
modified without excessive cost.
3. Ensuring that companies/administration and the professionals who
built and implemented the infrastructure have the proper skills and
capacity to carry out the work.
✘ If these actions are implemented, we will have a more resilient and
robust infrastructure that can cope with the projected changing
climate.
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36. Case Example
How One Japanese Village Was Able to Resist the 2011 Tsunami
by Building Climate‐ResilientInfrastructure?
Background.
In 1933, an earthquake known by the name “Sanriku” hit the
coast of Japan.
In spite of the fact that the earthquake did little damage, a
gigantic tsunami followed this earthquake with waves
recorded up to a height of 28.7m.
This tsunami destroyed over 7000 homes and many human
lives were taken (1522 citizens were killed and 12053 were
injured).
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37. Case Example
Solution:
✘ In 1967, the mayor (the highest‐ranking official) of Fudai planned to
construct a concrete seawall of about 15.5m so as to prevent a similar
disaster in the future.
✘ The mayor also planned to construct concrete floodgates as tall as the
seawall in locations where the majority of the people resided.
✘ In the beginning, the village people were against his ideas; however,
eventually he persuaded them.
✘ So, in 1967 the seawall was constructed and in 1972, 52 concrete floodgates
were also constructed.
Results:
✘ On March 11, 2011, a huge earthquake followed by a tsunami hit Japan.
✘ The national police agency of Japan reported that this natural disaster took
lots of lives (15884 lost their lives, 6147 were critically wounded and 2636
people went missing), and many buildings and structures collapsed.
✘ However, in Fudai, despite the wavesreaching up to a height of 20.1m, the
village remainedsafe and untouched, thanksto the concrete seawall built
in 1967.
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38. Building Climate‐Resilient Infrastructure
✘ Thus, with the likely frequent occurrence of various
extreme weather events, decision makers in both the public
and private sectors should carry out a test for climate
resilience at each stage of their decision making to evaluate
whether they consider new or retrofitted infrastructure
projects.
✘ Introducing climate resilience to the life cycle of any
infrastructure project should become the mainstay of the
future.
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