IRR detailed ppt

4. Wavelength of 750-1400nm.
Commonly used in telecommunication, night vision
goggles and spectroscopy.
Near/short IRR
Wavelength of 1500-4000nm.
Uesd in astronomy, human body detection and
therapeutic modalities.
Far/long IRR
Infra red radiation is
broadly divide into 2
types.
Types

5. 90%
production of long/far IRR and
10% short IRR is generated
from non luminous lamps.
Non-luminous generators
A simple type of element for producing IRR consists of a coil of wire wound on a cylinder of some insulating material,
such as fireclay or porcelain, rather like the element of a radient electric fire.

6. The NLL produce purely infra red radiation on long wavelength purely.
Penetration of IRR produced by NLL is approx 2mm(Epidermis & Dermis).
3
1
2
All NLL take sone time to get heated up for the production of IRR so they should be switched
on 5-15 min prior to treatment.

7. Widely Used
LUMINOUS IR LAMPS
An incandescent lamp consists of a wire filament enclosed in a glass bulb, which may be evacuated or may contain
inert gas at a low pressure.

8. 01
02
03
04
Why tungsten?
Tungsten is a metal which is used
because it can tolerate repeated heating
and cooling.
Penetration
Penetrate upto 5-10nm (Epidermis,
dermis & subcutaneous tissue.)
Filament
The filament is a coil of fine wire which
is usually made up of tungsten.
Heat
Heat produced by LL is radient heat.

9. penetrates upto sub
cuteaneous tissue.
Visible & Short IRR
ultra violet radiation
of 315-400nm can
penetrate upto
dermis.
UVA
Infra red rays of above
1200nm wavelegth is
goes upto epidermis.
Infra-red
UVB and UVC can
penetrate upto deep
epidermis.
5-10mm 1-2mm 2-7mm 1-3mm

10. With peak emission around 4000nm, is
absorbed almost entirely in the skin.
Non-luminous
In most cases luminous and non-luminous generators
are equally suitable, but in some instances one proves
more satisfactory than the others.
Instances
When there is chronic lesion or injury, the
luminous generator were used.
In favour of LL
When there is sub-acute inflammation or
recent injury, the non-luminous generator
were used.
In favour of NL
More efficient tissue heating source since it
penetrates further and therefore the energy
is distributed in a larger volume of tissue.
Luminous
Heating- The luminous is prefered.
Sensory Stimuli- The non-luminous is prefered.
Desired effect

11. 1 2 3 4 5
Cutaneous
vasodilatation
Due to the heating o cutaneous
structure, infrared radiation
produce local vasodilatation.
Sweating
The heat produced by the IRR
increase the activity of the
sweat glands, causing release
of sweat.
Sensation
Due to the effects of heating the
thermal heat receptors in the
skin are stimulated, giving the
sensation of warmth.
Metabolism
As per vant hoff’s law, which
states that the chemical
changes are accelerated due to
heat, heat proudced of IR
increases the metabolism.
Chronic Changes
Excessive and prolonged
application of IR can cause
brown discoloration,
pigmentation etc.

12. Mild heating on the superficial tissues by IRR causes
sedative effect on nerve endings.
Muscle spasm
Healing & repair
Stiffness
Heating by IR causes relaxation of muscles and relieves
spasm.
It accelerate healing & repair by increasing blood supply
and provide more WBC to the area being treated.
There is Increased blood flow and consequent muscle
relaxation which leads to decrease joint stiffness & inc. ROM.
Pain relief

13.  Subacute or chronic inflammatory conditions such as; Low back pain,
cervical spondylosis, osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis.
 Pressure sore/ decubitus ulcer.
 Bell’s palsy following middle ear infection.
 Prior to stretching, massage, mobilization, traction and electrical stimulation.

14. 1. 3.
2. 4.
Acute skin diseases like
drematitis and eczema.
heamorrhagic conditions, areas
with thermal sensation
impairment.
Defective cutaneous
circulation,peripheral vascular
disease.
Recently radiated
tissues(following redaiotherapy),
after deep x-rays or cobalt
therapy.
5.
Over area of scar,severe
edema,direct over eyes.
6.
Region Suspected mallignant
tumor, metal implants.

15. Excessive heating of superficial tissues can
causes burn and sometimes blisters.
Burn
Excessive IRR cause fall in BP which may
result in faintness due to hypoxia of the brain.
Faintness
It can occur if some exposed pof the circuit is
touched by the patient, regular checking of
wires is necessary to avoid electric shock.
Electric shock
IRR over the back of the head may cause
headache.
Headache