Unemployment is a major problem in Pakistan, with the unemployment rate estimated to be around 6-6.5% in recent years. There are several types of unemployment that exist in Pakistan, including cyclical, frictional, technological, and seasonal. Common causes of unemployment include a growing population, lack of small businesses and jobs, an inefficient employment system, and energy crises causing industries to move abroad. Potential solutions involve improved government planning and job creation, reforming the education system, decreasing retirement ages, eliminating favoritism, and controlling the population growth rate.
Unemployment is a major issue in Pakistan, with the unemployment rate currently at 6.5%. This means that 1 in 10 people are unemployed. Unemployment rates are higher in urban areas, at 10.1%, compared to rural areas at 5%. Some of the key causes of unemployment include a high population growth rate, low industrial growth, lack of technical education and skills training, and political instability deterring investment. To address unemployment, Pakistan needs to focus on labor-intensive industries, self-reliance, better education and training programs, and more stable economic and political conditions to encourage business growth. Unemployment has serious economic and social consequences for Pakistan.
Unemployment is a major issue in Pakistan, particularly among youth. The unemployment rate increased to 6.5% nationally in 2011, with rates even higher in urban areas at 10.1%. There are currently over 3 million unemployed people in Pakistan out of a labor force of over 54 million. Major causes of unemployment include a low industrial growth rate, high population growth, lack of technical education, and political instability which discourages investment. The government has implemented some programs to address unemployment such as skills training councils and small business loans, but unemployment remains a significant problem in Pakistan.
Unemployment is a major problem in Pakistan's economy. The unemployment rate is calculated using the labor force, which excludes those under 16, homemakers, full-time students, the elderly, the military, the institutionalized, and the disabled. High population growth, low savings and investment, mismatches between labor demand and supply, declining opportunities in agriculture and manufacturing, and political instability are key causes of unemployment. The government is implementing policies to promote employment such as controlling population growth, establishing industries in backward areas, focusing on small businesses, job training programs, and expanding public works projects.
Unemployment is a major issue in Pakistan, with the rate increasing in recent years. Unemployment affects both educated graduates and laborers, leaving many frustrated and vulnerable to negative influences. The main causes of unemployment are low economic and industrial growth rates, advanced technology replacing jobs, a large youth population entering the workforce each year, and lack of skills and job opportunities. The government has implemented some measures to address unemployment such as skills training councils, small business loans, and encouraging foreign investment and industrial development, but more needs to be done to combat this problem facing Pakistan.
This document discusses unemployment in Pakistan. It defines unemployment and outlines the main types, including cyclical, frictional, technological, and seasonal unemployment. It notes that Pakistan's unemployment rate has increased from 5.4% in 1994-95 to 6.5% in 2012. Rural areas have higher unemployment than urban areas. The document then examines the causes of unemployment in Pakistan, effects on individuals, society, and politics, as well as potential solutions and advantages/disadvantages of unemployment. It concludes that reducing unemployment is important for Pakistan's prosperity through labor-intensive industries and self-reliance policies.
Unemployment is a major problem in Pakistan, with the unemployment rate estimated to be around 6-6.5% in recent years. There are several types of unemployment that exist in Pakistan, including cyclical, frictional, technological, and seasonal. Common causes of unemployment include a growing population, lack of small businesses and jobs, an inefficient employment system, and energy crises causing industries to move abroad. Potential solutions involve improved government planning and job creation, reforming the education system, decreasing retirement ages, eliminating favoritism, and controlling the population growth rate.
Unemployment is a major issue in Pakistan, with the unemployment rate currently at 6.5%. This means that 1 in 10 people are unemployed. Unemployment rates are higher in urban areas, at 10.1%, compared to rural areas at 5%. Some of the key causes of unemployment include a high population growth rate, low industrial growth, lack of technical education and skills training, and political instability deterring investment. To address unemployment, Pakistan needs to focus on labor-intensive industries, self-reliance, better education and training programs, and more stable economic and political conditions to encourage business growth. Unemployment has serious economic and social consequences for Pakistan.
Unemployment is a major issue in Pakistan, particularly among youth. The unemployment rate increased to 6.5% nationally in 2011, with rates even higher in urban areas at 10.1%. There are currently over 3 million unemployed people in Pakistan out of a labor force of over 54 million. Major causes of unemployment include a low industrial growth rate, high population growth, lack of technical education, and political instability which discourages investment. The government has implemented some programs to address unemployment such as skills training councils and small business loans, but unemployment remains a significant problem in Pakistan.
Unemployment is a major problem in Pakistan's economy. The unemployment rate is calculated using the labor force, which excludes those under 16, homemakers, full-time students, the elderly, the military, the institutionalized, and the disabled. High population growth, low savings and investment, mismatches between labor demand and supply, declining opportunities in agriculture and manufacturing, and political instability are key causes of unemployment. The government is implementing policies to promote employment such as controlling population growth, establishing industries in backward areas, focusing on small businesses, job training programs, and expanding public works projects.
Unemployment is a major issue in Pakistan, with the rate increasing in recent years. Unemployment affects both educated graduates and laborers, leaving many frustrated and vulnerable to negative influences. The main causes of unemployment are low economic and industrial growth rates, advanced technology replacing jobs, a large youth population entering the workforce each year, and lack of skills and job opportunities. The government has implemented some measures to address unemployment such as skills training councils, small business loans, and encouraging foreign investment and industrial development, but more needs to be done to combat this problem facing Pakistan.
This document discusses unemployment in Pakistan. It defines unemployment and outlines the main types, including cyclical, frictional, technological, and seasonal unemployment. It notes that Pakistan's unemployment rate has increased from 5.4% in 1994-95 to 6.5% in 2012. Rural areas have higher unemployment than urban areas. The document then examines the causes of unemployment in Pakistan, effects on individuals, society, and politics, as well as potential solutions and advantages/disadvantages of unemployment. It concludes that reducing unemployment is important for Pakistan's prosperity through labor-intensive industries and self-reliance policies.
This document discusses unemployment in India. It defines unemployment and describes how it is measured. It also discusses different types of unemployment like frictional, structural, cyclical, and seasonal unemployment. The document then provides unemployment rates in India from 2002 to 2011. It discusses various government schemes to reduce unemployment like NREGA, SGRY, SGSY, PMEGP, and others. Finally, it discusses concepts like NAIRU and possible solutions to different types of unemployment.
Unemployment refers to a state where a person is without work but available and actively seeking employment. There are several types of unemployment including frictional, classical, structural, seasonal, technological, regional, international, and cyclical. Unemployment in India is caused by factors such as population increase, lack of professional qualifications, automation reducing required manpower, and changes in business fields. Various schemes have been implemented by the Indian government to address unemployment, including employment exchanges, vocational training programs, apprenticeships, and self-employment initiatives.
The document discusses reasons why people work and the causes of unemployment. It states that people work primarily to meet their needs through pay, and that more responsible jobs provide greater rewards. It defines unemployment as people who are able, available and actively seeking work but not currently employed. Unemployment is measured as the percentage of the labor force that is unemployed. Some key causes of unemployment mentioned include a defective investment system, technological changes, poverty, defects in the education system, rapid population growth, inadequate agricultural development, slow economic growth, and lack of a national employment policy.
The contents include;
Defining unemployment
key points
types of unemployment
measuring unemployment
effects of unemployment
reducing unemployment
unemployment in Pakistan
causes and effects of unemployment
solution of unemployment
impacts of covid 19 on unemployment
This document discusses unemployment in Pakistan. It defines unemployment and outlines the main types, including demand deficient, structural, frictional, and disguised unemployment. The document then analyzes unemployment in Pakistan, identifying political and non-political causes such as a lack of government planning, population growth, and energy crises. It also examines the most common types of unemployment faced in Pakistan and proposes remedies to reduce unemployment, including promoting industry, controlling population growth, and attracting foreign investment.
The document discusses employment, unemployment, and policies related to employment in India. It notes that employment generation declined in the mid-1990s but increased in the late 1990s and 2000s. The majority of employment is in the primary sector, with decreasing shares in agriculture and increasing shares in secondary and tertiary sectors over time. Unemployment, both rural and urban, has increased over the decades. Causes of unemployment include slow economic growth, population growth, and inadequate employment planning. Measures to address unemployment and underemployment focus on high economic growth, increasing investment, rural development, rural industrialization, and education and skill development.
Market Research Opinion on Unemployment in IndiaPushpak Elleedu
The document discusses unemployment in India based on a survey conducted through questionnaires. Some key findings from the survey are:
- Participants felt that India has a moderately high level of unemployment.
- The education system and lack of self-motivation were seen as contributing factors.
- Creating more job opportunities through self-employment and investments from abroad were viewed as effective ways to reduce unemployment.
- Population growth and improving education standards were also cited as important to control unemployment in India.
This document discusses unemployment, its causes, effects, and measures. It defines unemployment and categorizes it as voluntary, involuntary, disguised, demand deficiency, seasonal, and structural. Unemployment causes economic issues like low income and productivity as well as social issues like unrest. Solutions proposed include encouraging small businesses, subsidies based on employment, and increased government spending to reduce unemployment.
This document discusses unemployment, defining it as a situation where willing and able workers cannot find employment. It outlines the main types of unemployment: frictional, structural, cyclical, and seasonal. Causes of unemployment include high population growth, lack of job opportunities, and slow industry development. Costs of unemployment include financial hardship for individuals and lower economic output for society. Unemployment is measured using the unemployment rate, which is the number of unemployed workers as a percentage of the total labor force. Suggested solutions include changing investment patterns, small business encouragement, and reorienting education policy.
Recent Specifications in Labor Unemployment in Sri LankaSanath Dasanayaka
mainly, this report examines on the current labor unemployment situation in Sri Lanka, reasons for labor unemployment, the government of Sri Lanka's actions for reducing unemployment and suggestions for bringing unemployment down in detail.
The document discusses employment growth in India after independence. It is divided into four phases: 1) Independence to mid-1960s, characterized by high growth in agriculture and manufacturing. 2) Mid-1960s to 1980s, saw slower growth due to various factors. 3) 1980s to early 1990s, marked by sharp GDP growth and a major shift to the services sector. 4) Early 1990s onwards, began privatization and liberalization, accelerating structural shift away from agriculture towards services. Key problems discussed include slow agriculture growth, underutilization of manufacturing capacity, and inadequate infrastructure across sectors.
Unemployment in Albania as a result of an increase in the minimum wageHallelujah Kasimbazi
I prepared this presentation together with my group members during the module of Economics policy. When the Government imposes some policies, they are sometimes contrary to the main focus of the policies. Introducing a minimum wage in March 2017 is meant to increase the spending power of young&low skilled employees of Albania. In practice only few will benefit because in the process the same category of people will face unemployed. Albania is a country with a high rate of unemployment, the increase in the minimum wage in March will worsen the problem in the short-run. Please go through the slides to read what we suggest should be done in the Long-run to combat the problem of unemployment in Albania.
This power point presentation will describe about the Concept Of Employment , Kinds Of Employment , Causes of Unemployment In India, Steps to reduce unemployment and Government Policies measures to reduce unemployment
Unemployment refers to people who are available and willing to work but do not have paid employment. There are several causes of unemployment including recessions which lead to companies downsizing or moving abroad, reduced demand for goods and services due to cheaper imports or a fall in demand for Irish products, low wages providing little incentive for long-term unemployed to return to work, and seasonal variations in industries like agriculture, tourism, and construction. Unemployment has negative effects on individuals, families, and society as a whole such as financial insecurity, loss of status, health problems, poverty, strained relationships, children suffering emotionally, increased anti-social behavior, higher costs for the state, rural population decline, and intergenerational unemployment
Employment ( GROWTH INFORMALISATION AND OTHER ISSUES)Harjot Singh
This document discusses employment, unemployment, and government measures related to employment in India. It defines formal and informal employment sectors and notes that India has experienced rising informalization and casualization of labor. Unemployment rates are estimated for different time periods. Causes of unemployment include faulty employment planning, population growth outpacing job growth, and an emphasis on capital-intensive projects. The government has implemented measures like NREGA to promote rural employment and alleviate poverty.
The document discusses unemployment in India. It provides current unemployment rates in India and by state. It defines unemployment and different types of unemployment such as seasonal, structural, cyclical, and technological unemployment. The major causes of unemployment in India include a large population, slow economic and industrial growth compared to population growth, the seasonal nature of agricultural work, the joint family system, and lack of education and job skills. Schemes to address unemployment include MGNREGA, which guarantees 100 days of paid work per year.
The document summarizes employment trends in India's major economic sectors. It finds that the primary sector's employment share has declined while manufacturing and services have increased. Healthcare, hospitality and IT/ITeS are projected to create over 7 lakh new jobs. The healthcare sector is growing significantly and is the 2nd largest employer after agriculture. IT is the largest employer in the organized sector. Real estate and construction also provide substantial employment. However, lack of skills and policy support have limited India's ability to exploit growth in manufacturing and services for job creation.
This document defines unemployment and discusses its various types, causes, costs, measurement, and solutions. It defines unemployment as a situation where capable and willing workers cannot find employment. The main types of unemployment discussed are frictional, structural, cyclical, and seasonal unemployment. Causes of unemployment mentioned include population growth, lack of job opportunities, seasonal factors, and slow industry development. Costs of unemployment include individual financial issues and societal underutilization of resources. Unemployment is typically measured by calculating the unemployment rate as a percentage of the unemployed workforce versus the total labor force. Proposed solutions include changing investment patterns, encouraging small businesses, subsidizing employment, and reorienting education.
Unemployment is a global issue that Pakistan also faces, with a 6% unemployment rate in 2014-2015. The main causes of unemployment in Pakistan include overpopulation outpacing available jobs, a faulty education system lacking vocational training, inconsistent government policies, and energy crises that have closed many industries. Unemployment has negative psychological, economic, and social effects like increased poverty, depression, and rising crime rates as unemployed youth lack hope and opportunities. To address unemployment, the document recommends improving vocational education, enacting consistent job-creating policies, better family planning to control population growth, reducing corruption, and resolving energy shortages to allow industries to reopen.
The document discusses the relationship between inflation and unemployment as depicted by the Phillips curve. It explains that demand-pull inflation is caused by increases in aggregate demand, while cost-push inflation stems from increases in costs of production. The Phillips curve shows an inverse relationship between inflation and unemployment in the short run, but this relationship breaks down in the long run as inflation expectations rise. The natural rate of unemployment is the rate at which inflation remains stable in the long run.
This document discusses unemployment in India. It defines unemployment and describes how it is measured. It also discusses different types of unemployment like frictional, structural, cyclical, and seasonal unemployment. The document then provides unemployment rates in India from 2002 to 2011. It discusses various government schemes to reduce unemployment like NREGA, SGRY, SGSY, PMEGP, and others. Finally, it discusses concepts like NAIRU and possible solutions to different types of unemployment.
Unemployment refers to a state where a person is without work but available and actively seeking employment. There are several types of unemployment including frictional, classical, structural, seasonal, technological, regional, international, and cyclical. Unemployment in India is caused by factors such as population increase, lack of professional qualifications, automation reducing required manpower, and changes in business fields. Various schemes have been implemented by the Indian government to address unemployment, including employment exchanges, vocational training programs, apprenticeships, and self-employment initiatives.
The document discusses reasons why people work and the causes of unemployment. It states that people work primarily to meet their needs through pay, and that more responsible jobs provide greater rewards. It defines unemployment as people who are able, available and actively seeking work but not currently employed. Unemployment is measured as the percentage of the labor force that is unemployed. Some key causes of unemployment mentioned include a defective investment system, technological changes, poverty, defects in the education system, rapid population growth, inadequate agricultural development, slow economic growth, and lack of a national employment policy.
The contents include;
Defining unemployment
key points
types of unemployment
measuring unemployment
effects of unemployment
reducing unemployment
unemployment in Pakistan
causes and effects of unemployment
solution of unemployment
impacts of covid 19 on unemployment
This document discusses unemployment in Pakistan. It defines unemployment and outlines the main types, including demand deficient, structural, frictional, and disguised unemployment. The document then analyzes unemployment in Pakistan, identifying political and non-political causes such as a lack of government planning, population growth, and energy crises. It also examines the most common types of unemployment faced in Pakistan and proposes remedies to reduce unemployment, including promoting industry, controlling population growth, and attracting foreign investment.
The document discusses employment, unemployment, and policies related to employment in India. It notes that employment generation declined in the mid-1990s but increased in the late 1990s and 2000s. The majority of employment is in the primary sector, with decreasing shares in agriculture and increasing shares in secondary and tertiary sectors over time. Unemployment, both rural and urban, has increased over the decades. Causes of unemployment include slow economic growth, population growth, and inadequate employment planning. Measures to address unemployment and underemployment focus on high economic growth, increasing investment, rural development, rural industrialization, and education and skill development.
Market Research Opinion on Unemployment in IndiaPushpak Elleedu
The document discusses unemployment in India based on a survey conducted through questionnaires. Some key findings from the survey are:
- Participants felt that India has a moderately high level of unemployment.
- The education system and lack of self-motivation were seen as contributing factors.
- Creating more job opportunities through self-employment and investments from abroad were viewed as effective ways to reduce unemployment.
- Population growth and improving education standards were also cited as important to control unemployment in India.
This document discusses unemployment, its causes, effects, and measures. It defines unemployment and categorizes it as voluntary, involuntary, disguised, demand deficiency, seasonal, and structural. Unemployment causes economic issues like low income and productivity as well as social issues like unrest. Solutions proposed include encouraging small businesses, subsidies based on employment, and increased government spending to reduce unemployment.
This document discusses unemployment, defining it as a situation where willing and able workers cannot find employment. It outlines the main types of unemployment: frictional, structural, cyclical, and seasonal. Causes of unemployment include high population growth, lack of job opportunities, and slow industry development. Costs of unemployment include financial hardship for individuals and lower economic output for society. Unemployment is measured using the unemployment rate, which is the number of unemployed workers as a percentage of the total labor force. Suggested solutions include changing investment patterns, small business encouragement, and reorienting education policy.
Recent Specifications in Labor Unemployment in Sri LankaSanath Dasanayaka
mainly, this report examines on the current labor unemployment situation in Sri Lanka, reasons for labor unemployment, the government of Sri Lanka's actions for reducing unemployment and suggestions for bringing unemployment down in detail.
The document discusses employment growth in India after independence. It is divided into four phases: 1) Independence to mid-1960s, characterized by high growth in agriculture and manufacturing. 2) Mid-1960s to 1980s, saw slower growth due to various factors. 3) 1980s to early 1990s, marked by sharp GDP growth and a major shift to the services sector. 4) Early 1990s onwards, began privatization and liberalization, accelerating structural shift away from agriculture towards services. Key problems discussed include slow agriculture growth, underutilization of manufacturing capacity, and inadequate infrastructure across sectors.
Unemployment in Albania as a result of an increase in the minimum wageHallelujah Kasimbazi
I prepared this presentation together with my group members during the module of Economics policy. When the Government imposes some policies, they are sometimes contrary to the main focus of the policies. Introducing a minimum wage in March 2017 is meant to increase the spending power of young&low skilled employees of Albania. In practice only few will benefit because in the process the same category of people will face unemployed. Albania is a country with a high rate of unemployment, the increase in the minimum wage in March will worsen the problem in the short-run. Please go through the slides to read what we suggest should be done in the Long-run to combat the problem of unemployment in Albania.
This power point presentation will describe about the Concept Of Employment , Kinds Of Employment , Causes of Unemployment In India, Steps to reduce unemployment and Government Policies measures to reduce unemployment
Unemployment refers to people who are available and willing to work but do not have paid employment. There are several causes of unemployment including recessions which lead to companies downsizing or moving abroad, reduced demand for goods and services due to cheaper imports or a fall in demand for Irish products, low wages providing little incentive for long-term unemployed to return to work, and seasonal variations in industries like agriculture, tourism, and construction. Unemployment has negative effects on individuals, families, and society as a whole such as financial insecurity, loss of status, health problems, poverty, strained relationships, children suffering emotionally, increased anti-social behavior, higher costs for the state, rural population decline, and intergenerational unemployment
Employment ( GROWTH INFORMALISATION AND OTHER ISSUES)Harjot Singh
This document discusses employment, unemployment, and government measures related to employment in India. It defines formal and informal employment sectors and notes that India has experienced rising informalization and casualization of labor. Unemployment rates are estimated for different time periods. Causes of unemployment include faulty employment planning, population growth outpacing job growth, and an emphasis on capital-intensive projects. The government has implemented measures like NREGA to promote rural employment and alleviate poverty.
The document discusses unemployment in India. It provides current unemployment rates in India and by state. It defines unemployment and different types of unemployment such as seasonal, structural, cyclical, and technological unemployment. The major causes of unemployment in India include a large population, slow economic and industrial growth compared to population growth, the seasonal nature of agricultural work, the joint family system, and lack of education and job skills. Schemes to address unemployment include MGNREGA, which guarantees 100 days of paid work per year.
The document summarizes employment trends in India's major economic sectors. It finds that the primary sector's employment share has declined while manufacturing and services have increased. Healthcare, hospitality and IT/ITeS are projected to create over 7 lakh new jobs. The healthcare sector is growing significantly and is the 2nd largest employer after agriculture. IT is the largest employer in the organized sector. Real estate and construction also provide substantial employment. However, lack of skills and policy support have limited India's ability to exploit growth in manufacturing and services for job creation.
This document defines unemployment and discusses its various types, causes, costs, measurement, and solutions. It defines unemployment as a situation where capable and willing workers cannot find employment. The main types of unemployment discussed are frictional, structural, cyclical, and seasonal unemployment. Causes of unemployment mentioned include population growth, lack of job opportunities, seasonal factors, and slow industry development. Costs of unemployment include individual financial issues and societal underutilization of resources. Unemployment is typically measured by calculating the unemployment rate as a percentage of the unemployed workforce versus the total labor force. Proposed solutions include changing investment patterns, encouraging small businesses, subsidizing employment, and reorienting education.
Unemployment is a global issue that Pakistan also faces, with a 6% unemployment rate in 2014-2015. The main causes of unemployment in Pakistan include overpopulation outpacing available jobs, a faulty education system lacking vocational training, inconsistent government policies, and energy crises that have closed many industries. Unemployment has negative psychological, economic, and social effects like increased poverty, depression, and rising crime rates as unemployed youth lack hope and opportunities. To address unemployment, the document recommends improving vocational education, enacting consistent job-creating policies, better family planning to control population growth, reducing corruption, and resolving energy shortages to allow industries to reopen.
The document discusses the relationship between inflation and unemployment as depicted by the Phillips curve. It explains that demand-pull inflation is caused by increases in aggregate demand, while cost-push inflation stems from increases in costs of production. The Phillips curve shows an inverse relationship between inflation and unemployment in the short run, but this relationship breaks down in the long run as inflation expectations rise. The natural rate of unemployment is the rate at which inflation remains stable in the long run.
This document presents information on unemployment in Pakistan. It discusses that the unemployment rate in Pakistan was 6% in 2014-2015, and provides a graph showing it has generally decreased from over 7% in 2004-2005. It identifies several root causes of unemployment such as a faulty education system, energy crisis closing industries, and more. Steps proposed to decrease unemployment include improving education, using technology, developing industries and infrastructure, addressing population growth and solving the energy crisis. In conclusion, unemployment leads to other problems like poverty and crime, so it is important to address.
The document discusses different ways of measuring unemployment and types of unemployment. It provides statistics on unemployment in the UK compared to other countries. Key points include:
1) There are different ways to measure unemployment, including the claimant count and labour force survey.
2) There are different types of unemployment, such as frictional, structural, cyclical, and real wage unemployment.
3) Unemployment imposes economic and social costs, including lost output and increased poverty and health issues. It also negatively impacts businesses and increases government spending.
The global recession that began in 2007 caused overall migration flows and temporary work visas to drop significantly. Data from the US and Mexico showed immigration rates falling sharply from 2006 to 2010. While a mass return of Mexican immigrants did not occur, the number of illegal border crossings into the US decreased substantially. Unemployment rates increased more for foreign-born workers compared to native populations across many countries, with the exception of Mexican and Central American immigrants in the US whose unemployment rates improved.
The document discusses various aspects of terrorism in India, specifically in Jammu and Kashmir. It outlines the history of terrorism in the region, including foreign involvement from Pakistan. Furthermore, it describes the disadvantages of terrorism, such as increased poverty, unemployment, economic impacts, deaths of innocent citizens, and negative effects on tourism.
The document discusses terrorism in India, specifically in Jammu and Kashmir. It outlines the causes of terrorism such as foreign influence from Pakistan, as well as domestic militant groups seeking independence. The disadvantages of terrorism are also examined, including increased poverty, unemployment, economic impacts, deaths of innocent civilians, and negative effects on tourism.
The document shows line graphs of death rates from coronary heart disease (CHD) and stroke for men aged 0-64 years in Bulgaria, France, Hungary, Kazakhstan, Russia, and the UK from 1980 to 2010. The death rates from CHD and stroke generally decreased over time for all countries shown, with Bulgaria typically having the highest rates and France typically having the lowest rates.
What are the causes, effects and measures for Population Increase y Mr Allah ...Mr.Allah Dad Khan
Overpopulation is a major issue facing Pakistan. Some key causes of overpopulation in Pakistan include a high birth rate, lack of family planning education and services, the belief that God will provide for all, and the desire for large families especially for sons. The effects of overpopulation are severe including depletion of natural resources, degradation of the environment, increased unemployment, conflicts over scarce resources, high living costs, and loss of species. Solutions are needed to control population growth and its negative impacts in Pakistan.
This document discusses unemployment, including its types, causes, and rates in Pakistan. It begins with an introduction to the topic and overview of seasonal, cyclical, structural, and frictional unemployment. Specific causes of unemployment in Pakistan are then outlined, such as population growth, education issues, and energy crises. The unemployment rate in Pakistan is cited to be around 6%. The document concludes with solutions to reducing unemployment in Pakistan through improved planning, education, skills training, and encouraging investment.
Reasons for growing unemployment in pakistannight seem
Unemployment is a major problem in Pakistan, with over 30 lakh people unemployed and a rate over 12%. The largest reasons for unemployment are (i) the backwardness of the agriculture sector due to outdated machinery and lack of investment, and (ii) underdevelopment of the industrial sector due to electricity issues and low demand for products. Additional factors include a defective education system that does not prepare workers, high population growth, political instability, and reliance on loans that burden the economy. Unemployment will continue unless consistent economic planning and policies are implemented to boost investment and development.
This presentation summarizes Philip's curve and Okun's law. It discusses how Philip's curve shows the relationship between unemployment and inflation in an economy based on data from the UK. It also explains how Okun's law describes a negative relationship between GDP and unemployment, with the economy experiencing a 1 percentage point rise in unemployment for every 3 percentage point decrease in GDP. Graphs are presented analyzing the relationships between GDP and unemployment from 1980-2012 and between inflation and unemployment from 1980-2012 in the UK.
Phillips Curve, Inflation & Interest RateZeeshan Ali
The document discusses the Phillips curve and the relationship between inflation and unemployment. It describes the short-run Phillips curve as downward sloping, showing that higher inflation is linked to lower unemployment. The long-run Phillips curve is vertical at the natural rate of unemployment, so inflation changes do not affect unemployment. The document also examines how interest rates are determined based on real rates, expected inflation, and risk differences between countries. Higher inflation is associated with higher nominal interest rates.
The document discusses the Phillips Curve, which originally showed a short-run tradeoff between inflation and unemployment according to data analyzed by Prof. Phillips. Lower unemployment was believed to cause higher inflation as more employment and spending increased aggregate demand. However, in the 1970s both inflation and unemployment remained high, a phenomenon known as stagflation, requiring economists to rethink the Phillips Curve relationship in the long run.
Economic and educational issues of pakistannight seem
This document discusses the causes and current state of unemployment in Pakistan. It begins by defining different types of unemployment, noting that Pakistan's overall unemployment rate is 5.6% with higher rates for women. Major causes of unemployment include low industrial growth, population growth, lack of employment opportunities, and illiteracy. Suggested measures to reduce unemployment are establishing employment offices, controlling population growth, increasing capital accumulation, and promoting growth in industrial and agricultural sectors.
The document discusses several problems facing Pakistan and their potential solutions. The major problems mentioned are poverty, illiteracy, terrorism, food/water crisis, and population growth. Solutions proposed include increasing education funding, establishing more schools, promoting technical education, and targeting the root causes of terrorism through education and justice reforms. Industrial problems like unemployment and power crises are also discussed as negatively impacting Pakistan's economy.
The document discusses the devaluation of the Pakistani rupee and its effects on the economy. It notes that the rupee lost about 30% of its value against the US dollar since 2008, hurting economic growth across sectors like agriculture, manufacturing, and IT. Devaluation increases the costs of imports and inflation while reducing the competitiveness of local industries. It can also increase the cost of external debt repayment, potentially leading Pakistan to seek more IMF loans. The document outlines several reasons for the rupee's devaluation and predicts continued instability and low GDP growth for Pakistan's economy in 2013.
This document discusses unemployment, inflation, and the relationship between the two. It defines different types of unemployment, how unemployment affects the economy and individuals. The natural rate of unemployment hypothesis holds that there is always some level of voluntary unemployment. The Phillips curve shows an inverse relationship between unemployment and inflation, where lower unemployment corresponds with higher inflation.
The document discusses the Phillips curve relationship between inflation and unemployment. It explains that the Phillips curve shows an inverse relationship between these two factors in the short run, but that attempts to lower unemployment in the long run will ultimately just lead to higher inflation. The natural rate of unemployment (NAIRU) is the level at which inflation is stable. While policies can temporarily exploit the short-run tradeoff, it will eventually shift the short-run Phillips curve to a higher inflation level. The document also discusses supply-side policies that may have reduced inflation pressures at low unemployment levels in recent decades.
This document provides an outline and overview of key labor market concepts for a university presentation on unemployment and the labor market. It defines important terms like employment, unemployment, labor force participation and different types of unemployment. It also discusses broader measures of unemployment, trends in long-term unemployment in Ireland, and concepts of structural and cyclical unemployment as well as the economic definition of "full employment".
The document discusses unemployment and inflation. It defines unemployment as when people are without work and actively seeking work. It discusses different types of unemployment including voluntary, frictional, structural, seasonal, cyclical, and regional unemployment. It also discusses the measurement of unemployment rate and effects of unemployment. The document also defines inflation as a rise in general price levels over time. It discusses different types of inflation including demand-pull, cost-push, built-in, imported, income, and deficit inflation. The document provides factors that can contribute to demand-pull inflation in Pakistan such as non-development expenditures and increased worker remittances.
- The document discusses the relationship between inflation and unemployment, known as the Phillips Curve. The Phillips Curve suggests an inverse relationship between these two variables in the short-run.
- It notes that data from the US between 1961-2011 does not clearly fit the Phillips Curve relationship and identifies three phases: the Phillips phase, stagflation phase, and recovery phase.
- In the long-run, inflation is determined by the relative growth rates of the money supply and real economic growth based on the equation MV=PY. Other factors like expectations, policies, and economic growth influence inflation in the short-run.
This document analyzes current unemployment and inflation in Sri Lanka. It begins by defining unemployment and outlining different types, including frictional, structural, and cyclical unemployment. Next, it examines unemployment by sector, age, and education in Sri Lanka. Charts then show unemployment rates from 2005-2020, generally between 4-5%. The document defines inflation and types like demand-pull and cost-push inflation. Causes of Sri Lanka's current high inflation are identified as money injection and rising input prices. The analysis concludes with recommendations to reduce unemployment like labor-intensive industries and reduce inflation through monetary, fiscal and supply-side policies.
The document discusses unemployment and inflation as two major macroeconomic problems. It defines unemployment as people who are able and willing to work but unable to find jobs. There are different types of unemployment including frictional, cyclical, structural, and seasonal unemployment. Inflation is defined as a continuous rise in the general price level in an economy. The document discusses two main causes of inflation: demand-pull inflation which occurs when spending outpaces the economy's productive capacity, and cost-push inflation which results from increased costs of production being passed onto consumers. Effects of unemployment and inflation include impacts on individuals, society, and the overall economy.
Ghana has experienced strong economic growth above sub-Saharan Africa averages since 2007. However, employment growth has lagged behind GDP growth, with the majority of jobs being low quality in the informal sector. While poverty has declined, inequality is increasing. Constraints to higher employment include a shortage of high-skilled and technical workers due to low education levels, and growth being concentrated in capital-intensive industries rather than high-employment sectors like agriculture and manufacturing. Targeted employment policies have had limited success, and job creation needs greater focus in national strategies to link growth to reductions in poverty and inequality.
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3. OBJECTIVE
• To discuss the relationship between
unemployment and inflation according to
Phillips curve, whether is application or not, In
Pakistan
4. INTRODUCTION
Unemployment:
• The situation where people do not find jobs despite
of their willingness to work
Inflation:
• The increase in the price level. Purchasing power falls
and more money buy only few goods and service
―Inflation rate of Pakistan is 8.7 (2013-14)
―Unemployment rate of Pakistan is 6.2. (2013-14)
―Population Growth rate of Pakistan is 1.95
5. ANALYSIS
• Philips Curve:
• There is tradeoff between inflation and unemployment
rate in the short run.
• When unemployment decrease, inflation increases and
vice versa.
• In the long run there is no tradeoff between
unemployment and inflation rate.