11. It arises when people are out of work because
of lack of aggregate demand.
12. When people do not have productive full-time
employment, but are not counted in the
official unemployment statistics.
13. High Population Growth
Absences of employment opportunities
Increasing turnout of students from universities
Slow developing industries
Inflation
Recession
Changes in technology
Willingness to work
Disability
Discriminating factors
14. ECONOMIC EFFECT
1. Wastage of human resources
2. Low income
3. Low saving
4. Low capital formation
5. Low living standard
6. Low lobour productivity
15. Social Effect
1. Wide gap between rich and poorclass conflicts
2. Social unrest
3. More illegal activities
16. At Individual Level
1. Mental stress
2. Loss of self esteem
3. Directly linked to poverty
17. Employed Any person 16 years old or older
1. who works for pay, either for someone else or in his
or her own business for 1 or more hours per week,
2. who works without pay for 15 or more hours per
week in a family enterprise, or
3. who has a job but has been temporarily absent
with or without pay.
Unemployed A person 16 years old or older who is
not working, is available for work, and has made
specific efforts to find work during the previous 4
weeks.
18. Encouragement to small enterprises
Subsidies on the basis of employment
Encouragement of new growth centers in small towns
and rural areas
