Industrial attachment of knit concern limited (kcl)

INDUSTRIAL TRAINING
Course Code: Tex -4036
INDUSTRIAL ATTACHMENT
Knit Concern Limited (KCL)

Name ID
Md. Rasel Rabby 2008000400067
Md. Farid-ul-Islam 2008000400066
Md. Masud Rana 2008000400054
Md. Subuj Mia 2008000400005
Brief Presentation
Industrial Attachment
Industry Name: Knit Concern Limited (KCL)
School: Science and Engineering
Course of Studies: B.Sc. in Textile Engineering
Supervising Teacher:
Prof. Syed Fakhrul Hassan
Chairman
Department of Textile engineering.
Southeast University
Submitted By,
Batch
7th
January, 2012

iii
Abstract
Textile technology education is based on industrial ground. Theoretical background is
not sufficient so, industrial training is an essential part of study to make a technologist
techni-cally sound in this field. Industrial training provides us that opportunity to gather
practical knowledge.
Knit Concern Limited (KCL) is a truly integrated undertaking. The textile
division has the capability to offer a complete product range for the export & domestic
textile ma r- kets. The goal of this textile factory is to become the preferred partner for
sourcing high quality fabrics & clothing from Bangladesh. With high advanced
technology & an empha- sis on developing local human resources, the textile division
has the potential to make an important contribution to the nation’s growing readymade
garments export sector.
The rationale behind the existing structure & future expansion of the textile division is to
capture value added at each stage of the textile manufacturing process. Despite Bangla-
desh’s lack of indigenous cotton production capability Knit Concern Limited
(KCL) has leveraged Bangladesh’s labor cost advantage & export competitiveness
to
maximum
level.

iv
Acknowledgement
All the praises are for the almighty, Allah who bestowed us with the ability and
potential to complete this Internship. We also pay my gratitude to the Al-mighty for
enabling us to complete this Internship Report within due course of time.
Project paper is an academic function of the Southeast University. We are highly
delighted to express our regards & gratitude to honorable Professor supervising
teacher Prof. Syed Fakhrul Hassan for providing us the chance to complete our
internship and completion our project work in KCL.
Cordial thanks goes to Md. Touhidul Islam Kakon,Sr. Manager of KCL for their
excellent co-operation during the period of our training. We also take the opportunity
to express our sincerest gratitude to the management, administration & personnel of
KCL for their kind assistance.
Above all, we would like to acknowledge our deep debt to all teachers of our
university & particularly of Wet Processing Department for their kind inspiration &
help, which remain as the backdrop of all our efforts.
Finally, we would like to acknowledge that we remain responsible for the in-
adequacies & errors, which doubtless remain in the following report.

v
Table of contents
CHAPTER – 1................................................................................................................. 1
CHAPTER – 2................................................................................................................. 8
CHAPTER – 3............................................................................................................... 18
CHAPTER – 4............................................................................................................. 145
CHAPTER – 5............................................................................................................. 159
CHAPTER – 6............................................................................................................. 174
CHAPTER – 7............................................................................................................. 191
CHAPTER – 8............................................................................................................. 208
CHAPTER – 9............................................................................................................. 212
CHAPTER – 10............................................................................................................ 216
CHAPTER – 11............................................................................................................ 218
CHAPTER – 12............................................................................................................ 221

Industrial Attachment Page 1 of 229
CHAPTER – 1
PROJECT DESCRIPTION

NAME : Knit Concern Limited (KCL)
TYPE : 100 % Export Oriented Knit Composite Industry
SISTER CONCERN : KC Apparels Ltd.
KC Sports Ltd.
KC Lingerie Ltd.
KC Printing Ltd.
KC Yarn Dyeing Ltd.
YEAR OF ESTABLISHMENT : 1990
ADDRESS : 62, Water Works Road, Godnail
Narayangonj-1400, Bangladesh

LOCATION
62, Water Works Road, Godnail, Narayangonj-1400, Bangladesh
Phone : 88-02-7641086
: 88-02-7641088
: 88-02-7646869
Fax : 88-02-7641087
E-mail : info@knitconcern.com
Web : www.knitconcern.com

Washingunit
Residentialarea
OVERALL LAYOUT PLAN OF THE PROJECT
Knitting Unit
Medical center Storage
(Grey fabric)
Storage
(Grey fabric)
WTP
KCL + KCAL
Generator
Sp. Finishing
Generator
KC Yarn dyeing Ltd KC Lingerie Ltd.
WTP
Main Storage Unit ETP
Residential area

ACHIEVEMENTS
 ISO 9001:2008(Certified)
 Oeko-Tex Standard 100 (Certified)
 May Day Award 2010
 Premium Quality Supplier by JULES
 CSR awards
PRODUCT MIX
- 100 % cotton
- CVC
- Grey mellange
- Ecro mellange
- PC
PROJECT COST
450 core Taka
HISTORY OF PROJECT DEVELOPMENT
KCL launched its very humble journey in 1990 from a rented building at Nayamati.
That potential embryo by virtue of futuristic enterprising, dedication to quality, com-
mitment to excellence, adoption of state of the art technology and keen focus on cus-
tomer’s satisfaction, it could very rapidly metamorphose into a large corporate entity,
in its most modern sense, just by 1998. Since its inception, Knit Concern has never
stopped growing - in quality, quantity, and everything in between. Over the last
couple of years, conceding to its growth requirement, using most contemporary ma-
chines and equipment of German, Swiss, USA, Japan, Italy, China and UK origin, it
has nearly doubled its capacity. At present, on a single campus at Godnail, Narajan-
ganj, with all necessary integrations in all dimensions, Knit Concern is producing
1,20,000 pieces of very high quality garments per day. There are many indicators that
may sketch the profile of Knit Concern ltd. business success but, perhaps, the in-
crease of its export alone, from merely US$1.03 million in 1992 to about US$ 60 mil-
lion in 2010, would show the degree of its exponential growth as a one-stop apparel

supplier from Bangladesh. Now it becomes Knit Concern Group with several sister
concerns.
DIFFERENT DEPARTMENTS
Production Oriented Departments:
• Yarn store
• Raw fabric store & Raw fabric inspection section
• Knitting
• Planning & Control
• Batching Section
• Chemical Store
• Knit Dyeing Unit
• Yarn Dyeing Unit
• Tubular Finishing
• Open Width Finishing
• Special Finishing
• Washing Unit
• Garments Unit
• Central Lab (Knit, Yarn, Wet & Physical)
• Quality Control
• Maintenance
• Utility
• Water Treatment Plant
• Effluent Treatment Plant
Supporting department:
- Procurement
- Merchandising
- Research & Development
- Marketing
- IT
- HRD
- Finance & Accounting

- Medical
- Administration
- Security
REMARK
Knit Concern Ltd. (KCL), the parent company of Knit Concern Group, started man-
ufacturing and exporting knit garments back in the 1990s. Today, KCL and its subsid-
iary, KC Apparels Ltd. (KCAL), both being fully composite units on a single campus,
produce 1,20,000 pieces of knit apparels of latest quality and design everyday for the
international markets. Knit Concern is one of the top corporate taxpayers in the in-
dustry. It employs more than 8,500 people, and exports apparels worth over 60 mil-
lion US dollars a year now. Besides, conforming to fair and eco-friendly standards, it
contributes in terms of both wealth and welfare to the nation.

CHAPTER – 2
MANPOWER MANAGEMENT

MANAGEMENT SYSTEM:
 Intercom telephone
 Fax
 Written letters &
 Oral
SHIFT CHANGE:
There are two shifts in this industry. So the shifts arechanged at every12 hours.
SHIFTING FOR WORKERS:
Shift From To
A 6 2
B 2 10
C 10 6
RESPONSIBILITIES OF PRODUCTION OFFICER:
1. Give dyeing program slip.
2. Match production sample with target shade.
3. Collect production sample lot sample matching next production,
4. Observe dyed fabric during finishing running & also after finish-
ing.
5. Identity disputed fabrics & report to P.M/G.M. for necessary ac-
tions.
6. Discuss with P.M about overall production if necessary.
7. Sign the store requisition & delivery challan in the absence of
P.M.
8. Also to execute overall floor works.
9. Maintain loading'/unloading khata.
10. Any other assignment given by higher authority.

JOB DESCRIPTION OF PR ODUCTION OFFICER:
REPORT TO : Sr. Production officer.
JOB SUMMARY:
To plan, execute & follows up the production activities & control the quality produc-
tion with related activities.
DUTIES & RESPONSIBILITIES:
 Overall supervision of dyeing, finishing production.
 Batch preparation & pH
I chock.
 Dyes & chemical requisition issue & check.
 Write Fabrics loading & unloading time from m/c
 Program making, sample checking, color measurement
 Control the supervisors, operator, assistant operator and helper of
 Dyeing m/c.
 Andalso anyother over workas & when required by the management.
JOB DESCRIPTION OF SENIOR PRODUCTION OFFICER:
REPORT TO : D.G.M. (production)
JOB SUMMARY :
To plan, execute & follows up the production activities & control the quality produc-
tion with related activities.
DUTIES & RESPONSIBILITIES:
 Overall supervision of dyeing, finishing production.
 Checks the sensitive parameters of different machine for smooth dyeing
 Checks the different log books of different areas & report to management
 Checks out the plan to control the best output from supervisors & workers.
 Trained up & motive the subordinates how to improve the quality produc-
tion.
 Control the supervisor, operator, Asstt. Operator & helper of dyeing.
 Maintenance of machine & equipment Any other works & when required by
the management

Organogram of KCL(yarn dyeing unit)
Managing Director
Director
AGM
(Production)
Sr. Manager
(Maintenance)
DPM
Ass. Manager
APM
Engineer
Sr. PO
Ass. Engineer
Incharge
(QC)
Incharge
(Delivery)
PO Incharge
(Yarn Storage)
Incharge
(Chemical Store) Sub Ass. Engineer
APO
Foreman
Sr. Supervisor Sr. Fitter man
Supervisor Fitter man
Ass. Supervisor
Helper
Sr. Operator
Operator
Ass. Operator
Jr. Operator
Helper

MAN POWER DISTRIBUTION
KCL has a sufficient number of skilled manpower working in different sections. A view
of manpower distribution with total manpower is given below:
DEPARTMENT MANPOWER
Knitting 656
Knit Dyeing 790
Yarn Dyeing 250
Washing 38
Finishing 315
Garments & printing 6133
Merchandising 42
Maintenance 105
Administration 45
Utility 40
Security 88
Total 8502

REMARK
The man power management system of Beximco Textiles Ltd. is well arranged. Every of-
ficers & stuffs are responsible for their duty. The workers arc bounded to work for minimum
8 hours per day.

CHAPTER – 3
MACHINE DESCRIPTION

KNITTING
Knitting Capacity: 35 Tons per day
Total Machine: 128 Nos.
Knit Concern's knitting facility is equipped with the world's latest and most dependable
brand machinery like Fukuhara, Orizio and Stoll. Excellence in knitting, however, is an
inborn characteristic of the group, inherited from the family of its chief, Joynal Abedin
Mollah. This family has been in yarn trading and knitting since 1960s. In-Line inspec-
tions, invariably followed by an intensive post-production inspection, are maintained
throughout the entire knitting process. It produces numerous varieties of fabrics including
Single Jersey, S/J Cotton Elastane, Rib, 1X1 Rib Cotton Elastane, Interlock, all kinds of
Drop Rib, all kinds of PK, single Jersey and Double Jersey, Engineering Stripe, Thermal,
Jersey Twill, Terry and many more.
Figure: Single Jersey Knitting Machine (Fukuhara)

MACHINE DETAILS
TYPE BRAND MACHINE QUANTITY
Single Jersey Orizio 03 nos.
Single Jersey Fukuhara 32 nos.
Single Jersey Lisky 04 nos.
Single Jersey Open/Slitting Fukuhara 16 nos.
Single Jersey Open/Slitting Mayer & Cie 10 nos.
Rib / Interlock Fukuhara 20 nos.
Interlock Fukuhara 08 nos.
Interlock Lisky 01 nos.
Rib Well Knitting 01 nos.
Rib eyelet Jinhar 01 nos.
Auto Striper (Four Color) S/J Fukuhara 04 nos.
Auto Striper (Six Color) S/J Fukuhara 01 nos.
Auto Striper (Four Color)
Rib/Interlock
Fukuhara 02 nos.
Fleece 3 Thread Fukuhara 04 nos.
Fleece 3 Thread Lisky 06 nos.
Flat Knit Semi Jacquard Stoll 02 nos.
Flat Knit Computerized Shima Seiki 05 nos.
Flat Knit Computerized Matsuya 04 nos.
Flat Knit Computerized Protti 04 nos
Total 128 nos.

KNIT DYEING
KCL has dyeing and finishing facilities. It has the largest machinery for fabric dyeing and
finishing. The state – of – the – art equipment reinforced with its intensive experience and
expertise result in a clone – like uniformity of the dye house material. In dyeing section
KCL uses Fong’s brand machines for high temperature and atmospheric dyeing. In fi-
nishing section KCL is using the world’s latest technology of well – known brand Tube –
Tex machine from USA and Santex brand from Switzerland. It has the both facilities the
open width and tubular finishing. The shade of every lot of the finished fabric is verified
with data color brand color matching system.
Dyeing Capacity: 35 Tons dyed fabric per day
TYPE BRAND
MACHINE
QUANTITY
Dyeing machine Fong’s 47 nos.
Dewatering & detwisting MC. Santex 02 nos.
Dewatering & detwisting MC. Bianco 01 nos.
Efficient shrinkage dryer Fong’s 01 nos.
Santa shrink jumbo dryer Santex 01 nos.
Compactor (tubler) Tube-tex 03 nos.
Open width compactor Tube-tex 01 nos.
Open width compactor Bruckner 01 nos.
Slitting machine Bianco 03 nos.
Stenter Tube-tex 01 nos.
Stenter Bruckner 02 nos.
Sueding machine Lafer 02 nos.
Raising machine Gematex 01 nos.
Shearing machine Gematex 01 nos.
Singeing machine Osthoff 01 nos.
Turning machine
Puji/Hsing
Cheng/Daroitex
05 nos.
Back Sewing machine GMT 03 nos.
Steam Setting machine Dong Nang 02 nos.
Grey Fabric Check machine UZU 09 nos.
Finish Fabric Check machine Daroitex/Hsing Cheng 05 nos.
Total 92 nos.

BACK SEWING MACHINE
Machine No.: KDBS - 1
Model: CCM220
Serial no.: C05-012
No. of motor: 4
Year built : 2005
Model: MTG
Serial no.: C07-067
Country of origin : Italy
No. of motor: 4
Year built : 2007
Model: CCM-260
Serial no.: C08-035
No. of motor: 4
Year built : 2008
Model: PTD - 100
Serial no.: 20105022
Power: 400 V @ 50 Hz

TURNING MACHINE
Machine No.: KDT - 2
Brand name: HSING CHENG
Model: HC-TFM
Country of origin : Thailand
Brand name: HSING CHENG
Model: HC-TFM
Country of origin : Thailand
Brand name: PUNGI
Model: P-RP/F
Serial no.: 451050001

DYEING MACHINES
LAYOUT OF DYEING FLOOR ( KCL + KCAL):
Tubular finishing area
Office
Storage
Batching area
KCL
(Dyeing floor)
KCL
(Dyeing floor)
Office
+ Chemical
store
Open width finishing area
KCAL
(Dyeing floor)

Dryer
LAYOUT OF DYEING FLOOR (KCL):
Dyeing m/cs
Compacting m/cs
Squeezer m/cs
Dyeing m/cs Office
KCAL floor

Dyeingm/cs
LAYOUT OF DYEING FLOOR (KCAL):
Dyeing m/cs
Compacting m/cs
Sliting m/cs
Stenter
Stenter

MACHINE DETAILS
Machine No.: 01
Brand name: FONG’S
Model: GN 6-SR -6T
Serial no.:26012102
Country of origin : China
Machine type: HTHP Machine
Machine capacity: 1200 Kg
No. of nozzle: 6
No. of motor: 9
Year built : 2002
Heat exchanger:
Parameters Shell Tube
Design pressure 700 KPa 400 KPa
Design temperature 170 °C 140 °C
Hydrolic test pressure 1200 KPa 585 KPa
Safety valve set 700 KPa 380 KPa
Heating/ cooling medium Steam Dye liquor

Machine No.: 2A
Model: GN 6-SR -4T
Serial no.:26012101
No. of nozzle: 4
No. of motor: 7
Year built : 2002
Heat exchanger:

Machine No.: 01A
Model: MSR
Serial no.: 34025441H Country
of origin : China Machine
Type: HTHP machine Machine
capacity: 2000 Kg
No. of nozzle: 8
No. of motor: 18
Year built : 2009
Heat exchanger:

Machine No.: 3A
Model: GN-6 SR-3T
Machine type: HTHP machine
No. of nozzle: 3
No. of motor: 7
Year built : 2002
Heat exchanger:

Machine No.: 4B
Model: HSJ-2T
Machine capacity : 500 Kg
No. of nozzle : 2
No. of motor: 10
Year built : 2010
Heat exchanger:

Machine No.: 5A
Model: HSJ-1T
Serial no.:33024653
No. of nozzle : 1
No. of motor: 7
Year built : 2010
Heat exchanger:

Machine No.: 4D
Model: GN-6-2T
No. of nozzle : 2
No. of motor: 8
Year built : 2003
Heat exchanger:

Machine No.: 4C
Model: HSJ-2T
No. of nozzle : 2
No. of motor: 9
Year built : 2010
Heat exchanger:

Machine No.: 9B
Model: ALLFIT-100
Serial no.: 31020952T
No. of nozzle : 2
No. of motor: 4
Year built : 2006
Heat exchanger:

Machine No.: 9C
Model: ALLFIT-60
No. of nozzle : 1
No. of motor: 4
Year built : 2006
Heat exchanger:

Machine No.: 4E
Model: HSJ-2T
No. of nozzle : 2
No. of motor: 9
Year built : 2008
Heat exchanger:

Machine No.: 8B
Model: ECO-38-3T
Machine type: Environmental
No. of nozzle : 3
No. of motor: 9
Year built : 2006
Heat exchanger:
Design pressure 700 KPa ATM
Hydrolic test pressure 1200 KPa -
Safety valve set 700 KPa -

Machine No.: 7C
Model: HSJ-4T
No. of nozzle : 4
No. of motor: 12
Year built : 2008
Heat exchanger:

Machine No.: 6A
Model: ECO-38-6T
No. of nozzle : 6
No. of motor: 11
Year built : 2003
Heat exchanger:

Machine No.: 6B
Model: ECO-38-6T
No. of nozzle : 6
No. of motor: 10
Year built : 2003
Heat exchanger:

Machine No.: 7A
Model: ECO-38-4T
No. of nozzle : 4
No. of motor: 8
Year built : 2003
Heat exchanger:

Machine No.: 7B
Model: ECO-38-4T
No. of nozzle : 4
No. of motor: 8
Year built : 2003
Heat exchanger:

Machine No.: 8A
Model: ECO-38-3T
No. of nozzle : 3
No. of motor: 8
Year built : 2003
Heat exchanger:

Machine No.: 4PA
Model: GN-8-500
No. of nozzle : 2
No. of motor: 5
Year built : 2006
Heat exchanger:

Machine No.: 5PA
Model: GN-8-250
No. of nozzle : 1
No. of motor: 4
Year built : 2006
Heat exchanger:

Machine No.: 10
Model: ALLFIT-60-2T
No. of nozzle : 2
No. of motor: 5
Year built : 2001
Heat exchanger:

Machine No.: 12
Model: GN-18-ST-10
No. of nozzle : 1
No. of motor: 6
Year built : 2000
Heat exchanger:

Machine No.: 14A
Model: ECO-38-1T
Serial no.: 2801420
No. of nozzle : 1
No. of motor: 7
Year built : 2003
Heat exchanger:

Machine No.: 14B
Model: ECO-38-1T
Serial no.: 2801421
No. of nozzle : 1
No. of motor: 8
Year built : 2003
Heat exchanger:

Machine No.: 14C
Model: ECO-38-1T
No. of nozzle : 1
No. of motor: 8
Year built : 2003
Heat exchanger:

Machine No.: 14D
Model: ECO-38-1T
No. of nozzle : 1
No. of motor: 8
Year built : 2003
Heat exchanger:

Machine No.: 14E
Model: ECO-38-1T
No. of nozzle : 1
No. of motor: 8
Year built : 2003
Heat exchanger:

Machine No.: 11A
Model: ALLFIT-30
No. of nozzle : 1
No. of motor: 8
Year built : 2003
Heat exchanger:

Machine No.: 11B
Model: ALLFIT-30
No. of nozzle : 1
No. of motor: 8
Year built : 2004
Heat exchanger:

Machine No.: 11C
Model: ALLFIT-30
No. of nozzle : 1
No. of motor: 8
Year built : 2004
Heat exchanger:

Machine No.: 11D
Model: ALLFIT-30
No. of nozzle : 1
No. of motor: 8
Year built : 2004
Heat exchanger:

Machine No.: 11E
Model: ALLFIT-30
No. of nozzle : 1
No. of motor: 8
Year built : 2004
Heat exchanger:

Machine No.: 13G
Model: ALLFIT-10
No. of nozzle : 1
No. of motor: 3
Year built : 2007
Heat exchanger:

Machine No.: 11G
Model: ALLFIT-30
No. of nozzle : 1
No. of motor: 4
Year built : 2006
Heat exchanger:

Machine No.: 11F
Model: ALLFIT-30
No. of nozzle : 1
No. of motor: 4
Year built : 2006
Heat exchanger:

Machine No.: 13F
Model: ALLFIT-10
No. of nozzle : 1
No. of motor: 4
Year built : 2006
Heat exchanger:

Machine No.: 13E
Model: ALLFIT-10
No. of nozzle : 1
No. of motor: 4
Year built : 2006
Heat exchanger:

Machine No.: 7D
Model: HSJ-4T
No. of nozzle : 4
No. of motor: 12
Year built : 2008
Heat exchanger:

Machine No.: 4F
Model: HSJ-2T
No. of nozzle : 2
No. of motor: 9
Year built : 2008
Heat exchanger:

Machine No.: 5B
Model: HSJ-1T
Serial no.:33024653
No. of nozzle : 1
No. of motor: 7
Year built : 2010
Heat exchanger:

Machine No.: 13B
Brand name: UGOLONI
Machine No.: 8C
Model: ECO-38-3T
No. of nozzle : 3
No. of motor: 9
Year built : 2006
Heat exchanger:

Machine No.: 4A
Model: ECO-38-2T
No. of nozzle : 2
No. of motor: 9
Year built : 2006
Heat exchanger:

FINISHING
OPEN WIDTH FINISHING
SLITING MACHINE
Machine No.: KDSL - 1
Brand name: BIANCO
Serial no.: M05305-023517
No. of motor: 13
Maximum speed: 90 m/min.
Year built : 2006
Brand name: BIANCO
Serial no.: M05305-023517
No. of motor: 13
Year built : 2006
Brand name: BIANCO
Serial no.: M05304-023517

No. of motor: 13
Year built : 2006
STANTER MACHINE
Machine No.: KDST - 2
Brand name: BRUCKNER
Country of origin : Germany
Machine type: VN-SFP-26/8-999
Heating type: Thermosol oil
Maximum temperature: 210 °C
Year built : 2006
POWER-PAD padder:
Type: FS-2
Year built : 2006
Maximum steam pressure: 2 bar
Maximum air pressure: 10 bar
Machine No.: KDST - 3
Machine type: VN-SFP-26/8-999
Heating type: Gas

Year built : 2008
POWER-PAD padder:
Type: power pad
Year built : 2008
Maximum steam pressure: 0.7 bar
Maximum air pressure: 10 bar
Compacting machine
Machine No.: KDCM - 3
Brand name: TUBE TEX
Country of origin : USA
Machine type: C 2000
Heating type: Steam
Machine type: OC-28+SV-28
Heating type: Steam
Year built : 2007

Figure: Stenter machine
TUBULAR WIDTH FINISHING
Flow chart:
Squeezer
Dryer
Turning
Steam setting machine
Compacting
QC

SQUEEZER
Machine No.: KDS - 1
Brand name: SANTEX AG
Sirial no.: 5926
Country of origin : Switzerland
Model: Santastretch Plus
Year built : 2003
Sirial no.: 5927
Year built : 2003
Brand name: BIANCO
Sirial no.: M05794-025719
Year built : 2007

DRYER
Machine No.: KDD - 1
Sirial no.: 23009238
Model: ESD28D2
Country of origin : Hong-kong
Heating type: Steam
No. of blower: 3
Year: 2003
Machine No.: KDD - 2
Sirial no.: 5927
Type: Santashrink 3KJ/300GF1 IR Dampf
Heating type: Steam
No. of blower: 3
Year: 2003

TURNING
Brand name: DAROITEX
Model: DSR-3000
Year: 2006
Model: DSR-3000
Year: 2006
STEAM SETTING MACHINE
Machine No.: KDHS - 1
Brand name: DONGNAM
Sirial no.: DN-0509
Model: DNS-1400
Country of origin : Korea
Heating type: Steam

Year: 2005
Machine No.: KDHS - 2
Brand name: DONGNAM
Sirial no.: DN-0613
Model: DNS-1400
Country of origin : Korea
Heating type: Steam
Year: 2006
COMPACTING MACHINE
Brand name: Navis Tube-tex
Sirial no.: 10421
Model: Pak-nit II SP
Country of origin : U.S.A.
Heating type: Steam & oil
Brand name: Tube-tex
Sirial no.: 10631
Model: Pak-nit II Delta Plus - SP

Brand name: Tube-tex
Sirial no.: BM-9847
Model: Pak-nit II Delta Plus
QC
INSPECTION MACHINE
Machine No.: KDQCM - 1
Machine type: Inspecting machine
Sirial no.: 301
Model: QCM-F
Year: 2002
Brand name: Hsing Cheng

Model: HC-GIM-2400mm
Country of origin : Tailand
Model: QCM/R PLATTER
Year: 2006
Brand name: Hsing Cheng Machine
type: Inspecting machine Model:
HC-TIW-3000mm-A19179
Country of origin : Taiwan
Year: 2010
Brand name: Hsing Cheng Machine
type: Inspecting machine Model:
HC-TIW-3000mm-A19179

16'-0"58'-0"
19'-23/8"
Supervisor’s
desk
19'-23/8"
19'-23/8"
19'-23/8"
19'-23/8"
60'-0"
Year: 2010
SPECIAL FINISHING
Layout plan
144'-0"
22'-0"
Sueding
Machine
ULTRA
SOFT-L
22'-0"
Raising
Machine
GEMATEX
22'-0"
Sueding
Machine
ULTRA
SOFT-Y
22'-0"
Shearing
Machine
GEMATEX
22'-0"
Singeing
Machine
OSTHOFF
8'-0"
Temporary open storage
144'-0"
SUEDING MACHINE
Machine No.: KDLS - 01
Brand name: Lafer
Machine type: Sueding machine
Sirial no.: 10GSX1952
Model: ULTRA SOFT-L
Connected load: 25 kW
No. of roller: 6
Year: 2005

Filter:
Code: SW12L
Serial no.: 726L03
Connected load: 25 kW
Year: 2005
Machine No.: KDLS - 02
Brand name: Lafer
Machine type: Sueding machine
Sirial no.: 10GSY2393
Model: ULTRA SOFT-Y
No. of roller: 4
Year: 2005
RAISING MACHINE
Machine No.: KDR - 1
Brand name: GEMATEX
Machine type: Raising machine
No. of pile roller: 12
No. of counter pile roller: 12

SHEARING MACHINE
Machine No.: KDR - 02
Brand name: GEMATEX
Serial no.: 300.103
Machine type: Shearing machine
No. of brushing roller: 1
No. of shearing roller: 1
Connected load: 15kW
Year: 2007
SINGEING MACHINE
Machine No.: KDSG - 01
Brand name: Osthoff
Serial no.: 7000
Machine type: Singeing machine
Model: WW2006
Temperature range: (40 - 200) °C
Speed range: (15 - 100) m/min.

Working width: 2400 mm
No. of gas burner: 2
Year: 2008
Figure: Osthoff singeing machine

WASHING UNIT
Daily Washing Capacity :
Pigment Dyeing : 3000 Pcs.
Acid Dyeing : 3000 Pcs.
Garment Wash : 50000 Pcs.
Ready Dye : 3000 Pcs.
MACHINE DETAILS
01. Industrial Washing 10 nos.
02. Tumble Dryer 08 nos.
03. Hydro Extractor 03 nos.
04. Pigment Dyeing 01 no.
05. Garments Dyeing 01 no.
06. Deep Dyeing 01 no.

YARN DYEING
Yarn Dyeing Capacity: 25 Tons per day
TYPE BRAND
MACHINE
QUANTITY
Yarn Dyeing M/C Fongs, China 48 Nos.
Soft Winding M/C SSM, Switzerland 05
Soft Winding M/C Fadis, Italy 02
Hard Winding M/C SSM, Switzerland 03
Hard Winding M/C Fadis, Italy 02
Aquasplicer Mesdan, Italy 08
Soft Thread Winding SSM, Switzerland 01
Hydro Dettin, Italy 02
Dryer Stryfield, England 02
Dryer Stalam, Italy 01
Auto Dosing
Silos-Dos Lawer, Italy 02
Dos-Chem Lawer, Italy 04
Rotary Dyes Store Lawer, Italy 01
Total 81

Figure: Yarn dyeing floor

Figure: Silos-Dos (Lawer)
General flow chart:
Soft winding
Dyeing Hydro
extraction
Drying
Hard winding

Toilet
Temporaryopenstorage
stair
stair
Supervisor’s
desk
SOFT WINDING
Layout plan of soft winding floor
12 8 1
13 9 5 2
14 10 6 3
15 11 7 4
Temporary open storage
Lift Lift
1-15 : Soft winding machines
Machine No.: 1
Brand name: SSM
Machine type: TW2-W
Serial no.: 856.0130/06
No. of spindle: 78
Imax: 38 A
U: 400 V @ 50 Hz

Machine No.: 2
Brand name: SSM
Machine type: TW2-W
Serial no.: 856.0130/06
No. of spindle: 60
Imax: 38 A
U: 400 V @ 50 Hz
Machine No.: 3
Brand name: SSM
Machine type: TW2-W
Serial no.: 856.0130/06
No. of spindle: 60
Imax: 38 A
U: 400 V @ 50 Hz
Machine No.: 4
Brand name: SSM-P26
Machine type: PS6 Plus-W
Serial no.: 883.1066/10

No. of spindle: 60
Imax: 25 A
U: 400 V @ 50 Hz
Year: 2011
Machine No.: 5
Brand name: SSM
Machine type: PS6 -W
Serial no.: 883.0427/06
No. of spindle: 60
Imax: 32 A
U: 400 V @ 50 Hz
Year: 2007
Machine No.: 6
Brand name: SSM
Serial no.: 883.0429/06
No. of spindle: 60
Imax: 32 A
U: 400 V @ 50 Hz

Year: 2007
Machine No.: 7
Brand name: SSM
Serial no.: 883.0427/06
No. of spindle: 60
Imax: 32 A
U: 400 V @ 50 Hz
Year: 2007
Machine No.: 8
Brand name: Fadis-Sincro
Machine type: FT P300
Serial no.: G0023DX
No. of spindle: 96
U: 400 V @ 50 Hz
Machine No.: 9
Brand name: SSM-P26

Serial no.: 883.1060/10
No. of spindle: 60
Imax: 25 A
U: 400 V @ 50 Hz
Year: 2011
Machine No.: 10
Brand name: SSM-P26
Serial no.: 883.1062/10
No. of spindle: 60
Imax: 25 A
U: 400 V @ 50 Hz
Year: 2011
Machine No.: 11
Brand name: SSM-P26
Serial no.: 883.1063/10
No. of spindle: 60
Imax: 25 A

U: 400 V @ 50 Hz
Year: 2011
Machine No.: 12
Machine type: FT P300
Serial no.: G0023DX
No. of spindle: 96
U: 400 V @ 50 Hz
Machine No.: 13
Brand name: SSM-P26
Serial no.: 883.1059/10
No. of spindle: 60
Imax: 25 A
U: 400 V @ 50 Hz
Year: 2011
Machine No.: 14
Brand name: SSM-P26

Serial no.: 883.1061/10
No. of spindle: 60
Imax: 25 A
U: 400 V @ 50 Hz
Year: 2011
Machine No.: 15
Brand name: SSM-P26
Serial no.: 883.1064/10
No. of spindle: 60
Imax: 25 A
U: 400 V @ 50 Hz
Year: 2011

HydroExtractor
BIDmachine
MicroWin
LabWin
6578
RotaryDyesStore
stair
3412
312
stair
DYEING
Layout plan of dyeing floor
RF Dryer
Yarn storage
Chemical
storage Office
Lift Lift
4 5
Silos-Dos 6
8 7
All Win
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
Dos-Chem
Lift
Lab Win
6 2 3 4 5
All Win
Yarn Conditioner

MICROWIN
Machine No.: 1
Model: Microwin
Machine capacity: 350 gm
Year built : 2011
Machine No.: 2
Model: Microwin
Year built : 2011
Machine No.: 3

Model: Microwin
Year built : 2011
Machine No.: 4
Model: Microwin
Year built : 2011
Machine No.: 5
Model: Microwin

Year built : 2011
Machine No.: 6
Model: Microwin
Year built : 2011
Machine No.: 7
Model: Microwin

Year built : 2011
Machine No.: 8
Model: Microwin
Year built : 2011

LABWIN
Machine No.: 2
Model: LABWIN 12-K1
Machine capacity : 14Kg
Year built : 2007
Heat exchanger:
Parameters Jacket Shell
Machine No.: 3
Model: LABWIN 12-K1

Year built : 2007
Heat exchanger:
Machine No.: 4
Model: LABWIN 6-KO
Year built : 2007

Heat exchanger:
Machine No.: 5
Model: LABWIN 6-KO
Year built : 2006
Heat exchanger:

Machine No.: 6
Model: LABWIN 6-KO
Year built : 2008
Heat exchanger:

ALLWIN
Machine No.: 1
Model: ALLWIN-43-6A
Year built : 2007
Heat exchanger:
Machine No.: 2
Model: ALLWIN-53

Year built : 2007
Heat exchanger:
Machine No.: 3
Model: ALLWIN-53-8A
Year built : 2007

Heat exchanger:
Machine No.: 4
Model: ALLWIN-70-9A
Year built : 2007
Heat exchanger:

Machine No.: 5
Model: ALLWIN-85-9A
Year built : 2007
Heat exchanger:
Machine No.: 6
Model: ALLWIN-85-9A

Year built : 2007
Heat exchanger:
Machine No.: 7
Model: ALLWIN-120-9A
Year built : 2007

Heat exchanger:
Machine No.: 8
Year built : 2007
Heat exchanger:

Machine No.: 9
Year built : 2007
Heat exchanger:
Machine No.: 10

Year built : 2007
Heat exchanger:
Machine No.: 11
Year built : 2007

Heat exchanger:
Machine No.: 12
Year built : 2007
Heat exchanger:

Machine No.: 13
Year built : 2007
Heat exchanger:
Machine No.: 14

Year built : 2007
Heat exchanger:

HDRO-EXTRACTOR
Machine No.: 1
Brand name: Dettin Benta
Model: 1205568
Serial no.: 0155
Year built : 2007
Machine No.: 2
Model: 1205568
Serial no.: 0154
Year built : 2007
Machine No.: 3
Model: 1205568
Serial no.: B11053

Year built : 2011
Machine No.: 4
Model: 1205568
Serial no.: B11052
Year built : 2011
LAIP DYEING MACHINE
Bobbin Injection Dyeing Machine
Machine type: Type R
Code: C1055
No. of motor: 6
No. of color tank: 4
Year built: 2011

YARN CONDITIONING MACHINE
Model: Steamer VS/HT
Machine type: D 1450
Code: C0924
Pressure: 0.27 MPa
Year built: 2011
DRYING
Machine No.: 1
Brand name: RF
Model: S0100/TE
Serial no.: 89350T
Country of origin : UK
Machine type: Radio frequancy dryer
Frequancy used: 27 mHz
Power: (380- 420) V @ 50 Hz
Year built: 2007
Machine No.: 2
Brand name: RF
Model: S0100/TE
Serial no.: 89349T

Power factor: 0.9
Power: (380- 420) V @ 50 Hz
Year built: 2007
Machine No.: 3
Brand name: STALAM
Model: RF-150 KW
Serial no.: 89349T
Power factor: 0.9
Year built: 2009
Machine No.: 4
Brand name: STALAM
Model: RF-150 KW
Serial no.: 89349T

Toilet
Office
stair
Supervisor’s
desk
stair
Power factor: 0.9
Year built: 2011
HARD WINDING
Layout plan of hard winding floor
9 5 1
Office
765 sq. ft.
10 6 2
11 7 3
12 8 4
HACOBA
Lift Lift
1-12 : Hard winding machines
Machine No.: 1
Brand name: SSM
Machine type: CW2-W
Serial no.: 863.0029/07
No. of spindle: 96

Imax: 28 A
U: 400 V @ 50 Hz
Year: 2011
Machine No.: 2
Brand name: SSM
Machine type: CW2-W
Serial no.: 863.0028/07
No. of spindle: 96
Imax: 28 A
U: 400 V @ 50 Hz
Year: 2011
Machine No.: 3
Brand name: SSM
Machine type: CW2-W
Serial no.: 863.0027/07
No. of spindle: 96
Imax: 28 A
U: 400 V @ 50 Hz
Year: 2011

Machine No.: 4
Brand name: SSM
Machine type: CW2-W
Serial no.: 863.0080/09
No. of spindle: 96
Imax: 28 A
U: 400 V @ 50 Hz
Year: 2011
Machine No.: 5
Machine type: FT/RT P300
Serial no.: G0025DS
No. of spindle: 96
Imax: 16 A
U: 440 V @ 50 Hz
Year: 2008
Machine No.: 6
Brand name: SSM

Machine type: CW8-W
Serial no.: 863.1029/11
No. of spindle: 128
Imax: 7 A
U: 400 V @ 50 Hz
Year: 2011
Machine No.: 7
Brand name: SSM
Machine type: CW8-W
Serial no.: 863.1032/11
No. of spindle: 128
Imax: 7 A
U: 400 V @ 50 Hz
Year: 2011
Machine No.: 8
Brand name: SSM
Machine type: CW8-W
Serial no.: 863.1030/11
No. of spindle: 128

Imax: 7 A
U: 400 V @ 50 Hz
Year: 2011
Machine No.: 9
Machine type: FT/RT P300
Serial no.: G0024DX
No. of spindle: 96
Imax: 16 A
U: 440 V @ 50 Hz
Year: 2008
Machine No.: 10
Brand name: SSM
Machine type: CW8-W
Serial no.: 863.1028/11
No. of spindle: 128
Imax: 7 A
U: 400 V @ 50 Hz
Year: 2011

Machine No.: 11
Brand name: SSM
Machine type: CW8-W
Serial no.: 863.1033/11
No. of spindle: 128
Imax: 7 A
U: 400 V @ 50 Hz
Year: 2011
Machine No.: 12
Brand name: SSM
Machine type: CW8-W
Serial no.: 863.1031/11
No. of spindle: 128
Imax: 7 A
U: 400 V @ 50 Hz
Year: 2011
SEWING THREAD WINDING MACHINE
Machine No.: 1
Brand name: HACOBA

Model: Thread Prince 850C
Serial no.: 881.1101/06
No. of spindle: 12
Imax: 6.8 A
U: 400 V @ 50 Hz
Year: 2007
PRINTING
Knit Concern is capable of printing all specifications in the range from film to screen
developments. It has ability of pigment, silicon, puff, flock, glitter, metal stone and rub-
ber printing with equal proficiency. It can print 100000 pieces of garments a day in a sin-
gle design; it is capable of printing in 12 colors.
MACHINE DETAILS
PRINTING MACHINE
NAME MACHINE QUANTITY
Auto printing machine 4 Nos.
Conveyor curing machine 8 Nos.
Hit press machine 14 Nos.
Stone machine 5 Nos.
Flock machine 12 Nos.
Spray printing unit 1 Nos.
Printing table 4000 meters
Flock suckering machine 2 Nos.
Generator 3 Nos.
Mex newton 2 set
Auto exposing unit 1 set

Manual exposing unit 3 set
CENTRAL LAB
Laboratory is an independent department. It plays a critical role in every production
phase especially in knitting, fabric dyeing and yarn dyeing section manufacturing the
quality standard.
Type Brand MC. Qty.
Wet Lab Wascator Electrolux 05 Nos.
T. Dryer SDL 03 Nos.
Rote – wash SDL 01 Nos.
Perspirometer & Ovenincubator SDL+J.H.Heals 01 Nos.
Light fastness tester J.H.Heals 01 Nos.
Conditioned Lab Elec - Crockmeter SDL 01 Nos.
ICI Pill box SDL+J.H.Heals 02 Nos.
TPI Tester SDL 02 Nos.
Yarn appearance Tester SDL 01 Nos.
Yarn count system Brustio 01 Nos.
Tru – Brust J.H.Heals 01 Nos.
Conditioning system OEDA 01 Nos.
Analytical Lab Formaldehyde Tester Parkins Elamar 01 Nos.
Knit machine Lab Auto – Lab Dispense (40cmb) Datacolor 01 Nos.

Ahiba Infrared Dryer Datacolor 02 Nos.
Spectrophotometer – SF600CT Datacolor 01 Nos.
Data color Conditioner Datacolor 01 Nos.
Yarn Machine Lab Auto – lab Dispense (120CMB) Datacolor 01 Nos.
Ahiba Infrared Dryer Datacolor 03 Nos.
Spectrophotometer – 650x Datacolor 01 Nos.
Total 31 Nos.
KNIT DYEING LAB
Auto lab dispansing machine
Machine No.: KDSM - 01
Brand name: LAWER
Serial no.: 2629
Model: TD-LAB V34M
Machine type: Auto lab dispanse
No. of container: 181
Maximum capacity per container: 900 ml
Year: 2010

Sample dyeing machine
Machine No.: KDSD - 01
Brand name: COPOWER
Serial no.: R1728-1SCN124
Model: Supermat
Machine type: Sample dyeing machine
No. of cylinder: 24
RPM: 50
U: 220 V @ 50 Hz
Brand name: COPOWER
Model: Supermat
No. of cylinder: 24
RPM: 50
U: 220 V @ 50 Hz

Brand name: COPOWER
Model: Supermat
No. of cylinder: 24
RPM: 50
U: 220 V @ 50 Hz
Brand name: COPOWER
Model: Supermat
No. of cylinder: 24
RPM: 50
U: 220 V @ 50 Hz
Brand name: COPOWER

Model: Supermat
No. of cylinder: 24
RPM: 50
U: 220 V @ 50 Hz
Brand name: COPOWER
Model: Supermat
No. of cylinder: 24
RPM: 50
U: 220 V @ 50 Hz
Brand name: Data Color
No. of cylinder: 14
RPM: 50

U: 220 V @ 50 Hz
Programe used
Programe #1: ISO
Programe #2: Migration
Programe #3: 80 °C x 60 min. (HOT)
Programe #4: 98 °C x 45 min. (WHITE)
Programe #5: 135 °C x 45 min. (DISPERSE)
Programe #6: (60-130) °C x 45 min. (DISPERSE LYCRA)
Programe #7: 80 °C x 40 min. (REDUCTION CLEARING)
Lab hydroextractor
Machine No.: KLE - 02
Brand name: SDL Country
of origin : UK Machine
type: Lab extractor U: 250
V @ 50 Hz
Oven and incubator
Machine No.: KOI - 02
Brand name: J. H. Heal
Machine type: Oven and incubator

Recipe for reduction clearing
Dark shade: >2%
Na2S2O4 – 6 g/l
NaOH – 2 g/l
OS – 2 g/l
Time x Temperature - 80 °C x 40 min.
Medium/Light shade:
Na2S2O4 – 4 g/l
NaOH – 2 g/l
OS – 2 g/l
Time x Temperature - 80 °C x 40 min.
Sampling
Actual Calculate
d
4.5 g 5 g
9 g 10 g

Salt and soda recommendation
Drimarin
% of
dyestuff
0.01-0.5 0.5-1 1-2 2-3 3-5 5 & above
Gluber
salt (g/l)
20 40 50 60 70 80
Soda (g/l) 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 4
Synozol
% of
dyestuff
0.01-0.1 0.1-0.5 0.5-1 1-3 3 & above
Gluber
salt (g/l)
20 30 40 50 60
Soda (g/l) 10 15 15 20 20
Amtex
% of
dyestuff
0.01-0.5 0.5-1 1-2 2-4 Red/Navy
4 &
above
Black
5 & above
Gluber
salt (g/l)
30 50 60 70 80 80
Soda (g/l) 10 15 20 20 15 15
Custic
(g/l)
1 1

Remazol
% of
dyestuff
≤ 0.1 0.1-0.5 0.5-1 1-2 2-3 3-5 5 &
above
Gluber
salt (g/l)
20 25 30 40 50 60 80
Soda (g/l) 5 8 10 12 15 20 20
Novacron
% of
dyestuff
0.01-
0.1
0.1-
0.25
0.25-
0.5
0.5-1 1-2 2-3 3-4 4-5 5 &
above
Gluber
salt (g/l)
10 15 20 30 40 50 60 70 80
Soda
(g/l)
8 10 12 14 16 18 20 20 5
Custic
(g/l)
1
WET LAB
Washing machine
Machine No.: KDWS - 01
Brand name: Electrolux
Model: W455H
Machine type: Washing machine
Country of origin : Sweden

Model: W455H
Brand name: Electrolux Washcator
Model: F0M71 CLS

Brand name: Meiling Ston
Model: XQG50-998
Brand name: Meiling Ston
Model: XQG50-998
Rota washing machine
Machine No.: KDRW - 01
Brand name: SDL
Machine type: Rota washing machine
Machine No.: KDRW - 02
Serial no.: 97-11-288
Machine type: Rota washing machine
U: 415 volt @ 50 Hz

Tumble dryer
Machine No.: KDTD - 01
Serial no.: 60130/0002728
Model: T4130
Machine type: Tumble dryer
U: 220 volt @ 50 Hz
Brand name: Ariston
Model: Electrolux/3
Brand name: SDL
Brand name: SDL

Sample cutter
Machine No.: KDQP - 01
Brand name: Roches Model:
Ouick Punch Machine type:
Sample cutter Country of
origin : UK Quick wash
Machine No.: KDQP - 01
Brand name: Raitech
Model: Ouick Wash Plus
Machine type: Quick washing machine
PHYSICAL TESTING LAB
Oven and incubator

Pilling tester
Machine No.: KIPT - 01
Model: Orbitor
Machine type: Pilling tester
Machine No.: KIPT - 02
Brand name: SDL
Machine type: Pilling tester
Pilling assesment viewer
Brand name: Veri Vide
Twist tester
Machine No.: KTT - 02
Brand name: SDL
Machine type: Electronic twist tester
Principle used: untwist- twist method

Wrap reel
Machine No.: KYCM - 01
Brand name: SDL
Machine type: Wrap reel
Sublimation tester
Machine No.: KLST - 01
Brand name: SDL
Machine type: Sublimation tester
Bursting tester
Machine No.: KBT - 01
Model: TruBurst2
Machine type: Bursting tester
Rubbing tester
Machine No.: KCM - 01
Model: Crock Master

Machine type: Rubbing tester
Yarn examiner
Machine No.: KYE - 01
Brand name: SDL Country of
origin : UK Machine type:
Yarn examiner
Light and weather fastness tester
Machine No.: KYE - 01
Model: Apollo
Machine type: Light and weather fastness tester

Permisible testing limit of varfious tests demanded by buyers
Test H & M Jules Okaidi We K & L Philder
Shrinkage L-5% L-5% L-5% L-5% L-5% L-6%
W-5% W-5% W-5% W-5% W-5% W-4%
Twisting 5% 3% 2%(Solid) 3% 5% 2%
1%(Y/D)
CF(wash) S- (3-4) S- 4 S- 4 S- (3-4) S- (3-4) S- >4
C- 4 C- 4 C- (4-5) C- (4-5) C- 4 C- >4
Rubbing Dry- (3-4) Dry- 4 Dry- 4 Dry- 4 Dry- 4 Dry- >(3-
4)
Wet- (3-4) Wet- 4 Wet- (2-3) Wet- (2-3) Wet->(3-4)
Perspiration S- (3-4) N/A S- 4 S- (3-4) S- (3-4) S- >4
C- 4 C- 4 C- (3-4) C- (3-4) C- >4
Saliva C- 4 N/A C- 5 N/A N/A C- >4
S- 4 S- N/A N/A
Light C- 4 C- 4 C- 4 C- 4 Dk- (4-5);
Lt- 4
C- >4
Pilling 3(14400) 3(14400) 3-4(14400) 3(10800) 4(10800) >3(10800)
Formalodehyde
 ISO-14184-1
 JIS-1041.1983, Option-A

ISO-14184-1
1 gm sample + 100 ml distilled water
40° x 60' in water bath
Cooling 1 hr. at room temperature
Filtering by filter paper
5 ml liquid + 5ml Nash reagent
Cooling 30 min. at room temperature
Measurement

JIS-L-1041.1983, Option-A
2.5 gm sample + 100 ml distilled water
Cooling 1 hr. at room temperature
Filtering by filter paper
5 ml liquid + 5ml Nash reagent
Cooling 30 min. at room temperature
Measurement

Nash Reagent Acetic
acid – 1.5 ml Acetyl
acetone – 1 ml
Ammonium acetate – 75 gm
Distilled water – 500 ml

CHAPTER – 4
RAW MATERIALS

Raw material is a unique substance in any production oriented textile industry. It plays a
vital role in continuous production & for high quality fabric.
Types of Raw Materials
The basic raw materials used are
 Yarns
 Dyes
 Chemicals & auxiliaries
 Fabric
Name & Sources of raw materials
Yarn
 C.V.C
 P.C
 100% cotton
 Gery méllange
 Viscose
 Lyocell
 Modal
 100% polyester etc.
Yarn source
 Padma Textiles
 Badsha Textiles
 Thermax Group & others
Grey Fabric
 Single jersey
 Lycra Single jersey
 Single lacoaste
 Double lacoaste

 Polo pique
 Slub jersey
 Heavy jersey
 1x1 rib
 2x2 rib
 2x1 rib
 1x1 lycra rib
 2x2 laycra rib
 Pointal rib
 V-rib
 Flat bed rib
 French terry
 One side fleece
 Both side fleece
 1x1 interlock
 2x2 interlock
Fabric Sources :
 Knit Concern Ltd.
 Knitexcel
 Noor Textile
 Mother Knitting
 Microfibre
 Ibrahim Knitex

CHEMICALS LIST
Name of agent No. Name of item Name of company
Antifoam 1. Kappasol AF-2000 Kapp Chemi GMBH
2. Albaflow FFC Huntsman Singapore
Anticreasing 3. Albafluid C
4. Kappavon AC 65
Kapp Chemie GMBH
5. Kappavon CL
6. Kappavon FCB
7. Hexapon NEH Hancle
8. Fincrease K5 Marlateks Teknoloji
Detergent 9. Kappawet BOSS Kapp Chemie GMBH
10. Kappawet SOB
11. Fistol ET-OLS Marlatex Teknoloji
12. Fabrevol KNN Conc Denimist
13. Ultravon EL Hantsman Singapore
Oil remover 14. Muscour OSRn Matex International
Sequestering 15. Denquest HYN Denge KimyaTesktil
Stabilizer 16. Denstab ESG
Enzyme 17. Unizyme 1000L Shangha i Youtell
Peroxide killer 18. Antiper R
Levelling 19. Albatex-DBC Huntsman Singapore
20. Denwet TYDY Denge KimyaTesktil
Soaping agent 21. Kappacom E 12 Kapp Chemie GMBH
22. Exaclean BLC Denimist

Fixing 23. Albafix ECO Huntsman Singapore
24. Albafix FRD
Cat- ionic softner 25. Softner SA 1000 Taiwan surfactant
26. Kappasoft BD Kapp Chemie GMBH
27. Softner GWS Mollah Enterprise
28. Mesoft CCS Matex International
Non-ionic softner 29. Softner E 31 Taiwan surfactant
30. Kappasoft N 69 Kapp Chemie GMBH
31. Sapamine FPG Huntsman Singapore
32. Densoft-N (liq.) Denge KimyaTesktil
Silicon softner 33. Kappasoft SM Kapp Chemie GMBH
34. Wisifect MIC H Denimist
Core Nutralizer 35. Invatex AC
Huntsman Singapore
Fixing remover 36. Invalon DAM
Special chemical 37. Lyoprint RG GRAN
38. Denkom SYT Denge KimyaTesktil
39. Alpclean (Viscose)
40. Albatex co Huntsman Singapore
41. Defaten FX(Hit set) Denge KimyaTesktil
42. Cyclanon XC W NEW BASF
43. Hayclean(M/c wash) Denge KimyaTesktil
Basic Chemicals 44. Glaber salt Tradeasia Internationa l
45. Castic soda Gojrat

46. Soda ash Human Chembird Indust.
47. Hydrose BASF
48. Oxalic Acid Mollah Enterprise
49. Formic Acid BASF
50. Kappatex R98 Kapp Chemie GMBH
51. Acetic Acid OCI Corporation
Disperse Chemical 52. Albatex AB45
Huntsman Singapore
53. Albatex AR
54. Eriopon OLS
55. ErioponOS
56. Ultraphil HSD
57. Univadine DIF
58. Univadine DP
Extra Chemical 59. Orgasoft CP Organic Kimya
60. Prepart VA NEW BASF
61. Vivatex HKN Huntsman Singapore
62. Decoloring Agent
63. Pragama FLOC-C Panta Rai
64. Jintex WD Conc Jintex Corporation
65. Jintex WRN
66. Dymacle DMB 101
Polyester Chemical 67. Stabilon CT Huntsman Singapore
68. Stabilon NY

69. Ultraphil PA
70. Univadin PA
71. Eripon LT
DYES LIST
NO. Name of item Name of company Remarks
1. Avitera Deep Blue SE
2. Avitera Red SE
3. Avitera Yellow SE
4. Novacron Deep Cherry S-D
5. Novacron Blue FNR
6. Novacron Brili Yellow H4GN
7. Novacron Briliant Blue FNG
8. Novacron Dark Blue- WR
9. Novacron Red FN-2BL
10. Novacron Brown NC
11. Novacron Red FNR
12. Novacron Yellow-S3R
13. Novacron Yellow F4G
14. Novacron Brilliant Red FN3GL
15. Novacron Deep Neight SR
16. Novacron Yellow-FN2R
17. Novacron Brilliant Blue-HGR

18. Novacron Super Black G
HUNTSMAN Reactive dyes
19. Novacron Turquish GN
20. Novacron Navy FNB
21. Novacron Ocean SR
22. Terasil Black WNS
Disperse dyes
23. Terasil Red WWFS
24. Terasil Blue WBLS
25. Terasil G yellow 3R
26. Terasil Navy WSR
27. Terasil Red WSR
28. Terasil yellow W6GS
29. Uvitex BAM
OBA
30. Uvitex BHT
31. Uvitex CIDN
32. Bezactive Red-S3B-300%
Bezama AG
33. Bezactive Blue-SMAX
34. Bezactive Red-SLF
35. Dychufix Yellow-3R-XF 150%
Dysin Chem
36. Dychufix Yellow-4GL
37. Dychufix Yellow-EC
38. Synozol Navy blue HB
39. Synozol Red HB
40. Synozol Deep Red HB

41. Synozol Yellow HB
Kyung-ln Synthetic
Corporation
Reactive dyes
42. Synozol Blue K-BR
43. Synozol Turquish Blue HF-G 266%
44. Synozol Brilliant Blue RSPL 150%
45. Synozol Ultra Black G
46. Synozol Red K-3BS
47. Synozol Red HF-3B
48. Synozol Yellow KHL
49. Synozol Red KHL
50. Synozol Blue KHL
51. Synozol Yellow HF-4GL
52. Synozol Yellow HF-3GN
53. Synozol Yellow K-3RS
54. Amron Navy HR-2D
55. Amron Yellow HR-2D
56. Amron Yellow HF2GL
57. Amron Brilliant Red HF2R
58. Amron Red HF2F
59. Amron Red HR2D
60. Amron Blue RSPL
61. Amron Orange HFGR
62. Amron Yellow HFGR

63. Amron Blue HFBR
Amtex Dyechem
Reactive dyes
64. Amron Red HF4BL
65. Amron Blue RC
66. Amron Blue HR2D
67. Amron Ultra Red HR4D
68. Amtex Yellow 3R-XF
69. Amtex Red 3B-XF
70. Drimarine Violet K-2RL Clariant
71. Drimarine Yellow K-2R
72. Reactive Yellow 3R
OH Young Industrial
Co.
73. Sunfix Blue HBR
74. Sunfix Red MF-3BD
75. Reactive Black VG Virag Int.
76. Remazol Blue RR
Dystar
77. Remazol Red RR
78. Remazol Yellow RR
79. Remazol Navy RGB
80. Remazol Ultra Carmine RGB
81. Remazol Brilliant Yellow 3GL
82. Remazol Ultra Red RGB
83. Remazol Ultra Yellow RGB
Hangzhou Jihua
84. Reactive Starfix Black B 150%
85. Reactive Starfix Navy RGN

86. Reactive Starfix Red 3BFN
87. Reactive Starfix Yellow 3RFN
88. Reactive Starfix Red ED
89. Reactive Starfix Black ED-HG
90. Polar White 4BK (HQ4BK) OBA
WASHING PLANT DYES & CHEMICALS LIST
NO. Name of Items Name of Company Remark
1. Asuprint Black E-B
Asutex
Pigment dyes
2. Asuprint Brilliant Pink EB
3. Green Brilliant Asuprint EG
4. Asuprint Blue E-BR 90
5. Asuprint Navy Blue E-BH
6. Violet Asuprint EB
7. Asuprint Orange E-R
8. Yellow Asuprint E-GC
9. Asuprint Goldren Yellow E-AO
10. Asuprint Red E-BA
11. Asuprint Red E-BBK
12. Asuprint Blue E-GC 150
13. Compund Blue Jeans/Print
14. Asuprint Brown E-X
15. SW 117 Pink

16. SW 115 Lemon Yellow
Dysin chem
17. SW 114 Orange
18. SW 113 Red
19. SW 116 Orange Yellow
20. Lenaset Blue 2R
Huntsman
21. Lenaset Red 2B
22. Lenaset Yellow 2R
23. Albagel SET Huntsman
Pigment Chemicals
24. Zipper Protector RPY
25. Mordiente PIM
Asutex
26. Asufix FPI
27. Asuprend WS
28. Proder PIM
29. Antifoam R/P
30. Proder SCPC/LF
31. Producto EAPS/P (Enzyme)
32. Asumin AB Micro (Silicon)
33. Asumin C ESCAMAS
34. Compound Neutro Jel
35. Bleaching
36. Protefix DPE Dysin chem

REMARK
 The list is for the time of our industrial attachment. It varies according to the
availability of the material & their price.
 The price has not been supplied to us due to their secrecy act.
 The annual requirement was not available & is a record of the procurement de-
partment.

CHAPTER – 5
PRODUCTION PLANNING, SEQUENCES
&
OPERATIONS

SEQUENCE OF OPERATION
Lab dip approved
▼
Grey fabric inspection
▼
Batching
▼
Scouring & Bleaching
▼
Enzyme ( If required )
▼
Dyeing
▼
Bath Drain
▼
Cold Wash
▼
Neutral With Acetic Acid
▼
Soaping
▼
Fixing (If required )
▼
Softening

GREY FABRIC INSPECTION
In grey fabric inspection the available faults are
-Hole
-Loop
-Set up
-Needle breaking
-Needle mark
-Chain stair
-Sinker mark
-Yarn contamination
-Patta
-Wheel mark
-Oil mark
-Oil spot
-Patty
-Group needle mark
-Lycra out
BATCHING
Batching preparation is the process where inspected grey fabrics are divided into different
batches with reasonable quantity according to machine capacity, nozzle number in order
to make them suitable for the further operation In batching. It must be carefully observed
that each Nozzle of a machine contains equal length of fabric.
SEQUENCE OF BATCHING
Grey fabric divided into batches
▼
Batches divided nozzle wise according to lengh & Dia

INSTRUMENT USED
-Turning m/c
-Plaiting m/c
-Weighting m/c
-Back sewing m/c
-Overlock m/c
INFORMATION CHECKED
-Order No
-Color
-Yarn Count
-Yarn lot
-Yarn brand
-Knitting factory
-Machine No
-Roll No
PRE-TREATMENT
-For scouring & bleaching at first the fabric is loaded on to the bath .
-Required amount of water is taken to the bath .
-Wetting Agent & Anti creasing Agent is added.
-Scouring Agents (Caustic/Soda) & Stabilizer are added by the aid of dosing when the
temperature reaches at 50° C.
-H202 is added by the aid of dosing system for 5' .
-Temperature is raised to 98° C & the process is carried for 1 hr.
-The liquor are drained at 80° C.

-After that chemical wash & enzyme wash are done.
Curves for Pre-treatment:
Scouring & Bleaching:
60▫
C × 5' 2▫
C /min
98▫
C × 60'
80▫
Room Temperature
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Cold Cold
H2O2 1) Anticreasing
2) Wetting Agent
3) Sequestering Agent
4) Antifoam
5) Stabilizer
6) Soda
7) Caustic
5' 5'
Chemical wash
Industrial Attachment R
o
o
m
T
e
m
p
e
r
a

Pature
60▫
C × 5'
80▫
C × 15' ge 163 of 229

1) Oxalic Acid
Cold Cold 2) Peroxide Killer
5' 5'
Enzyme wash
PH
= 4.5-5
55▫
C × 60'
70▫
C × 10'
1 2
Cold Cold
1) Acetic Acid
2) Enzyme
5' 5'
PROCEDURE FOR DYEING LIGHT /MEDIUM SHADE

Dyeing Bath Preparation :
- Auxiliaries are added at 50° C
-Salt added by dosing system ( time : 10-20')
- pH maintained at 6.5-7
-Color dosing at 6O° C for 20'
Exhaustion & Fixation :
-After 30' soda ash added by dosing for 30-35'
-pH checked & maintained at 10.5
-Dye bath is kept at 60° C for 40-60'
-After every 10' the sample is checked fixation occurs during this time.
-Rinse for 10' & the bath is drained.
Neutralization :
-The material should be neutralized to remove alkaline condition at room temperature by
acid wash for 15 min & rinsing will be carried on for 10 min.
Soaping :
-Then soaping agent is added & temperture raised to 90°-100°C for 10 min.
-The bath is cooled 7 rinsed for 10 min.
-Dye bath temperature then cooled to 60° C.
Softening:
Softener is applied to soften the fabric as well as it improves the hand feel. The material
is treated at 60°C for 20 mins. Then rinsing again & material unload.
Procedure of Dark shade

At first the bath is set at 50° C & take the right volume of water in the dye bath.
▼
Required amount of wetting agent is added.
▼
Caustic soda is added & second heat command 60°C & stabilizer is added also.
▼
H202 is dosed & 10' runs.
▼
Temperture raised to 100° C & run the material for 30'
▼
Cooling the bath at 75°C & bath is drained .
At 90° C the material is run for 15 mins
▼
Cooling the bath to 75°C to darin
▼
Add Acetic Acid to neutralize the whole bath of fabric & run time is 20'
▼
Rinse the fabric for 5' & bath is drained .
▼
New water from reserver is taken & pH should be 4.5-5 .
▼
Enzyme is injected to the bath . Run time is 60' at 55°C
▼
Temp. raised to 70° C & run time 10' & then drain
▼
Again new water is taken & dosing of glaubar salt for 20' & pH should be check
(pH =7)

▼
Color dosing for 30' at 50°C
▼
Soda is added by dosing for 40'at 50°C
▼
Then raise the temp. & run the fabric for 35-60'.At this time after every 10' the sample is
checked.
▼
Rinse the material for 10' & bath is drained.
▼
At room temp. acid treatment is done for 20'& rinse the material for 5'
▼
Soaping is done at 90°C for 10 min & bath is drained.
▼
Fixing agent is added at 50° C & run time is 20' & bath is drained
▼
Softening is done at 60° C for 20'& balli is drained.
▼
Finally the fabric is unloaded.
White Shade:
At first Scouring bleaching chemicals are added to the bath & they are treated at 98°C for
60'
▼
Temperature is lowered at 80°C & OBA is added.Run time is 10'.
▼
Temperature israised to 98° C & Run time is 20'.

▼
Then enzyme treatment is applied & then softening occurs
Dyeing Curve
60▫
C × 60'
Room temperature
1 2 3 4
1) Auxiliaries
2) Salt
3) Color dosing (20-30')
Cold Cold Cold
4) Soda dosing (30-40')
5' 5' 5'
Normal Hot
60▫
C × 10' Acetic
20'
Chemical Hot

60▫
C
80▫
C
90▫
C
Soaping chemical
80▫
Fixing & Softening (if dark shade):
50▫
C× 20′ 20′
Fixing agent Softener
Softening:
40▫
C × 20′
Softener & Acid
Stripping Recipe:
-First of all these two chemicals are taken & treated with fabric in cold temperature for 30
min.
Soda ash =0.5 g/L
Bleaching powder =0.5 g/L
Then Direct drain is done.
-After that some other chemicals named below are treated at 98°C for 45 min.
Anticreasing Agent =0.3 g/L
Levelling Agent =0.3 g/L

Wetting Agent =0.3 g/L
Caustic soda =1-2 g/L
-After that 3-5 g/L Reducing Agent is taken and treated at 80°C for 10'.
Then Direct Drain is done.
-After that half or full scouring takes place
-Lastly fabric is treated by acetic acid.
Stripping for white :
-First of all these two chemicals are taken & treated with fabric in cold temperature for 30
min.
Soda ash =0.5 g/L
Bleaching powder =0.5 g/L
Then Direct drain is done.
-After that these two chemicals are taken & treated with fabric at 98°C for 60 min.
Hydrose =1-2 g/L
Caustic Soda =1-2 g/L
-Lastly fabric is treated by acetic acid.
Machine Wash:
Add hydrose (6 g/L) & caustic Soda (6 g/L)
▼
Run 20' at 110° C
▼
Run 10' at 95° C
▼
Run 10' at 80° C
▼
Run 10' at 60° C

▼
Run 10' at 40° C
▼
Drain
FINISHING
Textile finishing, in a restricted sense, is the term used for a series of processes to which
all bleached, dyed, printed & certain grey fabrics are subjected before they are put to
market.
OBJECTIVE OF FINISHING
-Improving the appearance,luster, whiteness etc.
-Improving the feel, which depends on the handle of the material & its softness,
suppleness, fullness etc.
-Wearing qualities, non- soiling, anticrease, antishrink comfort etc .
-Special properties required for particular uses -water -proofing flame proofing etc .
-Covering of the faults in the original cloth .
-Increasing the weight of the cloth .
FINISHING EFFECTS
-Easy care .
-Crease recovery.
-Dimensional stability
-Good abrasion resistance
-Improved tear strength
-Good sew ability
- Soft or stiff handle
-Shine or luster

SEQUENCE OF OPERATION:
For Open fabric:
Slitting
▼
Stenter( Softener used )
▼
Compactor
Tubular width finishing
Squeezer
Dryer
Turning
Steam setting machine
Compacting
QC
FINAL INSPECTION REPORT:
For final inspection , Inspection table & Inspection m/c is used .
The 4-point system is given below-
Size of Defect Penalty point
Less than 3 inches 1
3-6 inches 2
More than 6- 9 inch 3
More than 9 inch 4

Size of holes & opennings-
1 inch or less 2
More than 1 inch 4
Some general rules of the inspection are-
1. Not 1 metre of cloth is penalized more than 4 points.
2. Cloth is inspected on face side only unless specified.
3. If the total defect parts per 100 yards of fabric are 40 or more the fabric will be
rejected.But it may be changed according to buyer’s requerments.
REMARK
KCL strictly follow up the production parameters like Temp, M:L ratio pH check etc. As
they do some difficult shade it takes more time for the production of the Batch.The
production officer & Sr. production Officer try their best to reduce the production time.

CHAPTER – 6
QUALITY ASSURANCE SYSTEM

Introduction and Basic Procedure of Planning and Control
A planned work brings success. Without planning nothing is completed within the re-
quired time. So planning has its own importance which is intolerable. "Planning" gives a
scheduled task and 'control' completes it successfully. But production planning and control
is not an easy task. So Micro Fibre Group has a high-performance department called "Pro-
duction Planning & Control". Its Basic working procedure is as follows –
1. Taking orders from marketing division.
2. Analyzing the orders.
3. Planning for knitting the fabric.
4. Planning for dyeing the fabric.
5. Planning for finishing the fabric.
It is only a basic procedure. It may change according to the type of order. Sometimes, or-
der is places only for finishing the material or only for dyeing the white goods. Then some
steps are omitted for planning procedure.
Objects of quality control
1.Research
2.Selection of raw material
3.process control
4.Process development
5.Product testing
6.Specification test
Scope of quality control, quality assurance & testing :
-Testing lab
-Machine auditing system
-A good training system
-Excellent analytical

-Technical Expertise
PRODUCTION PLANNING
In KCL following flow diagram is followed-
Yarn Processing
▼
Yarn test
▼
Pass Fail
▼ ▼
Knitting Send to spinning mill
▼
Grey fabric inspection
Pass Fail
▼ ▼
Grey store Send to store as reject
▼
Batch making
▼
Dyeing
▼
Dewatering
▼
Drying/Stenter
▼

Compacting
▼
Fabric checking
▼
Lab Inspection Shade
▼
Pass Fail
▼ ▼
Delivery
▼ Rechargeable Reject
Send to concern ▼
Department Send to store as reject
I.aboratory :
Lab is the heart of the textile industry Higher precision lab can aid easily to achieve the
goal of the organization Before bulk production a sample for the approval from industry
is sent to the buyer As per the requirement of the buyer the shade is prepared in a lab
considering the economical aspects .

LABORATORYSTANDARD DYEING CURVE
50▫
C × 60'
35▫
C × 10' 35▫
C × 5' 1) Auxiliaries
1 2 3 4 5
2) Dyes
3) Gluber salt
4) Fabric
5) Soda ash
RE-DYEING PROCESS
When shade is not matched then fabric is treated again in dyeing machine for shade
matching is known as re-dyeing.
Generally, re-dyeing is done if the shade is deeper than the target shade. It may occur
when the fabrics absorb one or two colors more or less. One re-dyeing process is de-
scribed below.
- Drain the let off solution
- Hot wash at 700
-800
C
- Acid wash at 600
-700
C(600
for light shade & 700
for deep shade).
- Soda ash washes at 900
-1000
C for 60mins to reduce the depth of shade.
- Acid wash at 600
C.
- Addition to required dyestuffs.
- Salt addition.
- Soda ash addition.
Other operations are same as previous described dyeing operations.

STRIPPING PROCESS
Add water Fabric load
TPA+G.ACID
Temp=90o
C run=20min
Drain
Fill water SCF+NaOH
Temp=98o
C run=30min
Cooling at 80O
C
Hydrose
Temp=98o
C run=60min
Drain
Hot wash
Half scouring
Temp=98o
C run=35-50min
Dyeing
Recipe:
Antifixing agent (TPA)= 3.0g/l
A.Acid (G.Acid)= 3.0g/l
Wetting agent(SCF)= 0.2g/l
Hydrose= 4.0g/l
Caustic= 3.0g/l

AFTER TREATMENT OF ALL PROGRAMS:
For light color For Deep / Medium color
C Neutralizer=0.425g/l
Temp=60c-65c Run=20min
Hot Wash
(AW-501=0.17g/l)
Temp=80c-90c
FS(10% Solution)=3-4g/l
Temp=50O
c-For light color
Temp=60O
c –For deep color
PH=4.0-4.5
Run =20min
Hot Wash
C Neutralizer=0.425g/l-0.552g/l
Temp=60c-65c Run=20min
Hot Wash 90O
c-
run 10min
(AW-501=0.255-0.425g/)
Fixing agent =0.425g/l
Temp=50o
c-60o
c Run=20min
PH
=5.0-5.5
FS(10%solution)=3-4g/l
Temp=60o
c run=20min
PH
=4.0-4.5

After dyeing for neutralization:
For
white(without
enzyme)
For white
(with enzyme)
For light color For medium color For deep color
A.Acid=1.5g/l
Temp 65o
c
Run=20min
PH
=4.5-4.8(By
using A.Acid)
Temp 55o
c
Run=60min
C.Neutralizer=
0.425g/l
Temp 63-65o
c
Run=20min
C.Neutralizer=
0.425-0.552g/l
Temp 63-65o
c
Run=20min
C.Neutralizer=
0.552g/l
Temp 63-65o
c
Run=20min
For fixing:
For medium color For deep color
SR=0.425-0.85g/l
Temp 50-60o
c
Run=20min
PH
=5.0-5.5(By using C.neu)
SR=1.275-1.7g/l
Temp 50-60o
c
Run=20min
PH

Softener solution(10% solution)
For white For light color For medium/deep color
WCS(10%Soln
)=2.55-
3.4owf
Temp 60o
c
Run=20min
PH
=4.0-4.5(By using
A.Acid)
FS(10%Soln
)=2.55-3.4owf
Temp 50o
c
Run=20min
PH
FS(10%Soln
)=2.55-3.4owf
Temp 60o
c
Run=20min
PH
COMMON TEXTILE AUXILIARIES USED IN DYEING
Acid - The chemical compounds that dissolve in water and provide H+(proton). It
changes the color of litmas paper from blue to red.
Alkalis - The chemicaL compound that dissolve in water and provide 0H-
. It changes the
color of litmas paper from red to blue.
Buffer - lt is a saturated solution of acid-salt or alkali-salt mixture. lt resists the change of
pH on addition of acid or alkali. Usually it is used to control the any bath solution. Buffer
solutions are solutions containing mixtures of a weak acid or base and a salt of that acid
or base.
Oxidizing agent - The chemical compound which provide oxygen during chemical reac-
tion and converting to oxide, They gain electrons in a redox chemical reaction.
Reducing agent - The chemical compound which losses electron during chemical reac-
tion. lt reduces other substances chemically, especially by donating an electron or elec-
trons, for example, Hydrose (Na2S2O4), Rongalite C.
Surfactants - Surfactants or surface-active agents act in solid-liquid, solid-gas, or liquid-
gas interfaces and reduces the interfacial tension. ln textile wet processing it works in be-
tween solid-liquid interface and reduce the surface tension of liquid. lt has a versatile ap-
plication in textile industries especially in textile coloration, for example, Wetting agent,
Detergent, Lubricant, Foaming agent, Anti-foaming agent, Leveling agent, Dispersing
agent.
Wetting agent - lt accelerates the wetability of material in solution; thus helps to easy
penetration of chemicals into substrate. Usually it is used in scouring, bleaching and dye-
ing processes. lt is available in market in form of clear or yellowish liquid.

Industrial attachment of knit concern limited (kcl)

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