The Indian landmass is centrally located between east and west Asia. The part that is attached to the Asian continent connects India

1. INDIA SIZE
&
LOCATION
Class: IX
SOCIAL SCIENCE

2. CHAPTER -1
INDIA: SIZE AND LOCATION
CONTENT
• INTRODUCTION
• LOCATION
• LATITUDE
• LONGITUDE
• SIZE OF INDIA
• EXTENT
• FOLD MOUNTAINS
• STANDARD MERIDIAN OF INDIA
• INDIAN OCEAN NAMED AFTER INDIA
• INDIA AND THE WORLD
• INDIA CONTACT WITH THE WORLD
• INDIA’S NEIGHBOUR

3. INTRODUCTION
• India is one of the oldest civilizations and has
a remarkable history. After Independence
from British rule, it achieved multi faceted
socio economic progress. India also made a
remarkable progress in the field of agriculture,
industry, technology and overall economic
development.

4. LOCATION
India is lying entirely in the Northern hemisphere as shown in the figure
below.
The land extends between latitudes 8°4’N and 37°6’N and longitudes 68°7’E
and 97°25’E.
The Tropic of Cancer (23° 30’N) divides India into almost two equal parts.
It passes through the States of Gujarat, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh,
Chattisgarh, Jharkhand, West Bengal, Tripura and Mizoram.
Andaman and Nicobar islands situated in South-East of mainland in Bay of
Bengal.
Lakshadweep islands situated South-West of mainland in Arabian Sea.

5. LATITUDE
Latitude is a geographic
coordinate that specifies the
north–south position of a
point on the Earth's surface.
Latitude is an angle (defined
below) which ranges from
0° at the Equator to 90°
(North or South) at the poles
LONGITUDE
Longitude, is a geographic
coordinate that specifies
the east–west position of a
point on the Earth's
surface, or the surface of a
celestial body.

6. LONGITUDINAL
The latitudinal and longitudinal extent
of India is about 300. The North-South
extent is 3214 km and East-West extent
is 2933 km. The distance between any
two lines of longitude is maximum at
the equator and goes on decreasing as
one goes from the equator to the poles

7. SIZE
Area
• India’s total area
accounts for about
2.4% of the total
geographical area of
the world. Thus, it is
the 7th largest
country in the world,
by its size.
• India has a land
boundary of about
15,200 km.
Length
• The total length of the
coastline of the
mainland is 7,516.6 km
including Andaman and
Nicobar and
Lakshadweep.
• India is bounded by the
mountains in the
northwest, north and
northeast. South of
about 22° north
latitude, it begins to
taper and extends
towards the Indian
Ocean, dividing it into
two seas, the Arabian
Sea on the west and
the Bay of Bengal on
its east.
Meridian of India
• Time along the
Standard Meridian
of India (82°30’E)
passing through
Mirzapur (in Uttar
Pradesh) is taken as
the standard time for
India.
SIZE OF INDIA

8. EXTENT
India is bounded
by young fold
mountains in the
North-West,
North and North-
East.
India’s land
mass begins
to form cone
shape in
South of 220
North Latitude
The East West
extent appears
smaller than
the North-
South extent

9. FOLD MOUNTAINS
Mountains which
develop when two
tectonic plates come
together causing
compression, result in
bulking and folding of
rocks.

10. 82°30’E HAS BEEN SELECTED AS THE
STANDARD MERIDIAN OF INDIA
• From Gujarat to Arunachal Pradesh there is a time lag (period
of time) of about two hours, Hence, time along the Standard
Meridian of India (82°30’E) passing through Mirzapur, Uttar
Pradesh is taken as the Standard time for the whole country.
Otherwise different regions of India would have different
times, which would create problems, so to have one common
standard time for the whole country.

11. INDIAN OCEAN NAMED AFTER
OUR COUNTRY
• India has the longest coastline on the Indian
Ocean. India holds a central location which is
at the head of the Indian Ocean. India in
ancient times was an important location in
the Indian Ocean which connected Europe
with countries of Southeast Asia.

12. INDIA AND THE WORLD
The Indian landmass
has a central location
between the East and
West Asia. India is a
southward extension
of the Asian continent.
The trans-Indian
Ocean routes connect
the countries of
Europe in the West
and the countries of
East Asia.
India has a longest
coastline as
compared to the
other countries.
India’s contacts with
the World have
continued through
the ages. This
eminent position is
the reason which
justifies the naming
of the Indian Ocean
after the name of
the country.
The spices, muslin
and other
merchandise were
taken from India to
different countries.
On the other hand,
the influence of
Greek sculpture,
and the architectural
styles of domes and
minarets from West
Asia can be seen in
different parts of
India.

13. INDIA CONTACTS WITH THE
WORLD
Land Routes
• The land routes of India are much older than sea route.
Various passes across mountains in the north have
provided passages to the ancient travelers as ocean
limited such interaction for a long time.
Merchandise
• The Indian numerals and the decimal system as well as
given spices, muslin and other merchandise to different
countries.
Architectural
Styles
• Also, the influence of Greek sculpture, and the
architectural styles of dome and minarets from West
Asia can be seen in different parts of India.

14. INDIA AND IT’S NEIGHBOURS
Pakistan and
Afghanistan in
the northwest
The southern
neighbours across
the sea consist of
the two island
countries, Sri Lanka
and Maldives. India
has had strong
geographical and
historical links with
her neighbours.
Myanmar
and
Bangladesh
in the east
China (Tibet),
Nepal and
Bhutan in the
north