Computers play a vital role across all modes of transportation. In road transportation, computers are used in intelligent transportation systems to reduce traffic congestion and improve safety. Some applications of intelligent transportation systems include electronic toll collection, automatic vehicle identification, and traffic signal control. Rail transportation also relies heavily on computer systems for passenger reservation, ticketing, timetables, and real-time train tracking. Air traffic control also depends on computers for air traffic management, communication between pilots and controllers, and airport services like baggage handling and passenger screening. Similarly, water transportation utilizes vessel monitoring systems and intelligent water transportation systems to enhance safety monitoring. Overall, computers have significantly improved the efficiency, safety, and user experience across all sectors of the transportation industry.

1. TOPIC: IMPORTANCE OF COMPUTERS IN
TRANSPORTATION
DS ADEGBENRO ICT POLYTECHNIC
COMPUTER SCIENCE
NATIONAL DIPLOMA
LECTURER: MR. AKINWUNMI O.O
SEMINAR ON COMPUTER AND SOCIETY
COURSE CODE: COM 222

2. PRESENTED BY:
• OGUNMOLA TUNDE SUNDAY NCS-20-EP-0003
• OKE USMAN OLUWASEYI NCS-20-EP-
0006
• TOVIZUNKU NOAH JIMOH NCS-20-EP-
0008
• MOSHOOD ABIOLA ADELEKE NCS-20-EP-0009
GROUP 15

3. CONTENTS
 INTRODUCTION
 INTELLIGENT TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM
 GENERAL USES OF COMPUTER IN TRANSPORTATION
 IMPORTANCE OF COMPUTER IN ROAD TRANSPORT

4. INTRODUCTION
 Recent advances in computational technologies have led to a move
towards fewer, more capable computer processors which has play a vital
role in the sector of transportation. The current trend is toward fewer, less
costly microprocessor modules with hardware memory management and
real-time operating systems. The new embedded system platforms allow
for more sophisticated software applications to be implemented, including
model-based process control, artificial intelligence, and ubiquitous
computing. Perhaps the most important of these for Intelligent
transportation systems is artificial intelligence. The software applications
have the potential to increase the efficiency of transport networks and
decrease the negative externalities e.g., decrease the congestion and
increase the quality of transport networks.
 In the transport sector, the deployment of ICT in the developed cities like
Stockholm has been the era of developing sensing capabilities both of
vehicles and traffic monitoring systems to perceive anomalies, and
hazards in the environment, and to improve the fluency of traffic for less
costs and cleaner environment. This presentation will briefly review some

5. General Uses of Computer in Transportation
 New subways, elevated systems, commuter rails, etc., are all relying on
computer guidance and control
 Navigation System and Mapping: One important use of computer in
transportation is Global Positing System(GPS). These feature a screen
that shows a map which track your vehicle's movement through satellites
signals. We can find the route of any location where we want to go
through this by inputting our address and destination address then
computer will give us visual map, distance, total driving time, traffic
congestion etc.
 Online seat reservation and ticket booking, E-booking is achieve with the
use of computer
 Positive Train Control by Federal Railroad Administration is the computer
system that tracks the movement of trains on various railways around the
country. PTC technology is capable of preventing train to train collisions
,derailments caused by excessive speed and the associated death or
injuries.
 Computers are use in traffic control and signaling

6. General uses of Computer in Transportation
 Computer Simulation of public transportation systems to analyze their
performance before they are built
 Computers are use in vehicle diagnostics and repairs
 Computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacture (CAD/CAM)
have greatly reduced the cost of producing aircraft, ships, cars etc.
Computers produce accurate drawings and can alert designers to
possible conflicts before a design is produced. They can also
manufacture parts more precisely and faster than humans
 weather forecast and analysis information is through the use of
computers which is very useful for transportation especially air
transportation. We can travel according to the weather forecast given
by computers.
 Also, there are many more uses of computers in transportation like
intelligent highway infrastructure including electronic toll collection,
emergency vehicle notification systems, automatic road enforcement
with red light and speed cameras, variable speed limits, collision
avoidance systems, dynamic traffic light sequencing.

7. Impacts of Computer on Transport
 It facilitate the way people travel.
 Airways, Roadways and waterways uses computers to
control their operation. I
 It saves time and relieve severity of traveling
difficulties.
 Reduce traffic congestion and Smoothen the traffic
flow
 Reduce accidents, loss of life and properties
 Reduce environmental pollution
 Increase the viability of public transportation
 Increase the quality of transport networks
 Improved safety and efficiency

8. Modes of Transport
The development of large-scale computers with easily programmable
languages plays a vital role in all modes of transport, leading to the
rapid expansion in the sector of transport . Transport consists of four
major modes viz;
 Road Transport
 Air Transport
 Rail Transport
 Water Transport

9. IMPORTANCE OF COMPUTER IN
ROAD TRANSPORT

10. Intelligent transportation system(ITS)
 An intelligent transportation system (ITS) is an advanced application
using computers, advanced sensors, electronics and communication to
provide innovative services relating to different modes of transport and
traffic management and enable users to be better informed and make safer,
more coordinated, and 'smarter' use of transport networks. Thus improving
the safety and efficiency of the transportation system.
 Some of these technologies include basic management systems such as
navigation and mapping system, traffic signal control systems, emergency
vehicle notification systems, container management systems, variable
message signs, automatic number plate recognition or speed cameras to
monitor applications, such as security CCTV systems, and automatic
incident detection or stopped vehicle detection systems to more advanced
applications that integrate live data and feedback from a number of other
sources, such as parking guidance and information systems, weather
information, bridge de-icing (US deicing) systems, electronic toll collection
system etc.

11. Intelligent transportation system(ITS)

12. Intelligent transportation applications
 Vehicle Information And Communication System (VICS)
 Automatic Vehicle Identification (AVI)
 Advanced Cruise-assist Highway Systems(AHS)
 Advanced Traveler Information System (ATIS)
 Advanced Traffic Management Systems(ATMS)
 Advanced Public Transportation Systems (APTS)
 Electronic Toll Collection System
 Assistance For Safe Driving
 Emergency Vehicle Notification Systems
 Automatic Road Enforcement System
 In-vehicle Transit Information System
 Parking Management System

13. Benefits Of Intelligent transportation system(ITS)
 Reduce traffic congestion
 Smoothen the traffic flow
 Reduce traffic accidents
 Improved safety
 Enhance the mobility of travelers, especially the elderly and
disabled
 Reduce the use of energy
 Reduce fuel consumption
 Reduce environmental pollution
 Reduce capital and operating costs
 Increase the viability of public transportation
 Responding more effectively and quickly to incidents
 Increase the ease and convenience of travel

14. USES OF COMPUTERS IN
AUTOMOBILES AND HIGHWAYS
 Sensors/Feedback
 Anti-lock brakes
 Performance Optimization
 Four-wheel Steering
 Shock adjustments
 Comfort/Sound Systems
 Automotive navigation system
 Computer Simulators
 Video Vehicle Detection
 Transit Surveillance
 Inductive loop Detection

15. Vehicle Detection System

16. Inductive loop Detection

17.  Traffic Volume Studies
 Pavement Design
 Design of Bridges and Culverts
 Terrain Surveying
 Passenger Safety
 Signaling and Traffic Control
 Emergency Services
Major Challenges of Roadways

18. Traffic Volume Studies
 Done using a camera or manually.
 Data is then analyzed using Statistical
analysis Tools like IBM’s
SPSS.
 Data so obtained
is then used for
design of roads
by using Technical
software like
MX Road.

19. Traffic Control and Signaling
 Now, most of the traffic control is done using
computerized traffic signals, which helps in
achieving automatic density based traffic
signaling.
 Violation of Traffic rules are easily recorded on
computerized cameras.

20. Traffic Control and Signaling

21. Intelligent Vehicle Technologies
 Computers are being actively used in
manufacturing, Research and Development
activities for automobiles.
 Automobiles are equipped with smart ignition
system, locking system and On-Board diagnostics.
 Autonomous car
 Automated Parking
 Navigation System/Global Positioning System

22. Autonomous car

23. Automotive navigation system
 One common computer used in land transportation today is the Global Positioning
System. It typically uses a satellite navigation device to get its position data
which is then correlated to a position on a road. These extremely accurate
devices can pinpoint your location to within 100 feet. Some cellular phones even
have the technology built in. The navigation system will talk to the driver to let
him know when to prepare to make turns, how far it is until the next required
turn, and can estimate to the minute when the vehicle will arrive at the preferred
destination.

24. In car computers, GPS technology guides drivers to their

25. IMPORTANCE OF COMPUTER IN
AIR TRANSPORT

26. ROLES OF COMPUTERS IN AIR
TRANSPORTAION
Computers are an integral part of the aviation industry. Listed
below are few roles of computer in airport
 Ensure that planes stay on schedule and fly safely
 Allows you to easily modify travel arrangements at any airport
 Computers are crucial to an airport’s air traffic control services
 Computers are necessary for the use of prescreening
measures
 Computers are central to the efficient communication and
recording of an airplane’s flight data.
 Computer conserve fuel by flying a plane straighter than a
human pilot can
 Improve the reliability of aircraft
 Simplify the troubleshooting of malfunctioning equipment

27. MAINLY USED AREAS OF COMPUTER
IN AIR-TRANSPORTATION
Airport Services and Passenger
Services
Air Traffic
Plane Mechanics
Graphic Reconstruction of Crashes

28. AIRPORT SERVICES AND PASSENGER
SERVICES
 Flight Information Display System (FIDS)
 Baggage Handling System (BHS)
 Biometric passport
 Full Body Scanner

29. Flight Information Display System
(FIDS)

30. Baggage Handling System
(BHS)

31. Biometric passport

32. Border Control Process

33. Full Body Scanner

34. AIR TRAFFIC
 Communication between air traffic controllers and pilots
occurs through radio, the system by which this
communication is synthesized with the radar and
weather data is based on computers
 Computers allow air traffic controllers to visualize and
track the location of planes in the air, and then instruct
pilots as to the correct course of action.

35. PLANE MECHANICS
 The Instrument Panel
 Fly-By-Wire Technology
 Airliners that can Fly Themselves (
Autopilot)
 Recording a Flight’s Vital Statistics
(Black boxes)

36. The Instrument Panel
The Primary Flight
Displays showing the
planes altitude,
heading, airspeed, and
altitude
The Navigation
Displays showing
present directional and
routing information on
a compass layout, and
can also project a
radar image of the
weather.
Functioning of the
engines and other
critical components

37. Fly-By-Wire Technology
Basic elements of a Fly-by-Wire Flight Control

38. IMPORTANCE OF COMPUTER IN
RAIL TRANSPORT

39. USES OF COMPUTERS IN Rail
 Data tracks
 Matching cars to cargo
 Keeping track of rolling stock
 Flexible bottlenecks

40.  DOOR CONTROLLER COMMUNICATION INTERFACE
 DRIVER DESK HMIS FOR TRAINS AND COACHES
 DIAGNOSIS AND MAINTENANCE SYSTEMS
 TRACK MEASUREMENT

42. Major Challenges
 To provide with a reservation system
which can serve more than half million
passengers.
 To provide with best passenger security
even at the time of bad climatic
conditions.
 Real time tracking of trains.
 To control the flow of freight between
various sources and destinations.

43. Use of ICT in Railways
 Computer simulation programs in railway systems
 For ticketing and Ticket Cancellation
 Time Table Information
 Passenger information
 Freight information
 Tourist Information
 Press Releases
 Railway Board Directors
 Budget for financial year
 Train Route Information
 Crew information

44. Important Computer Applications Of Railways
 Control Office Automation ( COA)
 Crew Management System (CMS)
 Passenger Reservation System (PRS)
 Unreserved Ticketing System (UTS)
 Parcel Management System
 National Train Enquiry System (NTES)
 Integrated Train Enquiry System (ITES)
 Computerization of Complaints

45. Passenger Reservation System(PRS)
 Developed and Maintained by CRIS on C and
Fortran programming language.
 CONCERT (Country-wide Network of
Computerized Enhanced Reservation and
Ticketing) allows a passenger from any
location to book train tickets from any station
to any station.
 Handles Reservation, Modifications and
Cancellations/Refunds.
 Performs more than 1.6 m reservations daily.

46. E-ticketing
 Replaced Manually printed card tickets
with centralised online sales and
accounting.
 Handheld ticketing Terminal for e-
ticketing, smart card enabled Ticketing
unit.
 RFID technology for real time data on
demand.

47.  Automated Ticket Vending Machine (ATVM),
 Smart Card,
 Electronic Push Button Ticket Vending Machine On Local Train
Ticket Counters.
Ticket vending devices

48. Crew Management System (CMS)
 Software that provides information
regarding railway crew, status-wise
records, assigning crew to trains, etc.
 Database covering 89000 crew
members and 30000 crew members are
being booked daily.

49. National Train Enquiry System
 Provides real time information about
latest train running timings and live
train tracking.
 Rail Radar shows all trains running in
India in an overlay map.
 Can be accessed from mobile internet or
through laptops.

50. TrainEnquiry.com

51. RAIL RADAR – Interactive train Maps

52. Freight Operations Information
System
 Online real-time system for management and
control of freight traffic.
 Management and control of freight movement
 Optimization of asset utilization:
Wagons, Locomotives and Paths on Network
 Real-time Information allows decision making
and ensures high level of mobility within the
system.
 Better Logistics Management.

53. IMPORTANCE OF COMPUTER IN WATER TRANSPORT

54. Use of Computers in Water transport
 Sail power
 Electronic wayfinding
 Crewless ship
 Nautical charts
 Control of pitch and roll
 Crewless engine room
 Containers/RoRo

55. IMPACTS OF COMPUTER IN WATER TRANSPORTATION
 Vehicles in water are constantly under monitoring as various monitoring devices are
monitoring the vehicle and its circumstances, and the information is sent regularly to the
cloud service for observation.
 The vehicle overweight condition is constantly monitored as the passenger counter and the
weight monitor let the authority know about the number of passengers and the total weight
taken on board.
 Since the vehicle's status is always known, illegal passenger overloading will be reported
immediately and as other natural issues are consistently taken care of proactively, the
possibility of occurrence of accidents will be reduced drastically.
 As the information about any emergency and accidents is predicted immediately, the rescue
operations become easier and faster. This brings a radical decrease in the loss of lives and
properties.
 Since the vehicle location is always known with its status and the information is available
through the Internet, passengers may have the opportunity to have real-time forecasting of
their journey.
 It enhances the safety of the water transportation system, which leads to an increased use of
this mode of transportation.

56. Intelligent Water Transportation System
(IWTS)

57. Conclusions
 Is improving the economics of public transportation
 Is making new forms of transport possible
 To conclude, computers have changed our life beyond imagination and
continue to play important role on human life and behaviors. It provides
advanced facilities for our life and also create effective learning, production,
control and utilization.

58. Thank You