IIS for Developers

Ido Flatow
Senior Architect
Microsoft ASP.NET/IIS MVP
SELA Group
IIS For Developers
Everything You Wanted to Know about IIS
but were Afraid to Ask (IT)
@idoFLATOW
http://bit.ly/flatow-blog
This presentation:
http://sdrv.ms/15QPjke

www.devconnections.com
IIS FOR DEVELOPERS
IT’S PRONOUNCED AY AY ES
 Web application hosting
 Comes in two flavors
 Full IIS (or simply IIS)
 IIS Express
 Provides
 Reliability
 Manageability
 Security
 Performance
 Scalability
2

IIS FOR DEVELOPERS
HISTORY IN SCREENSHOTS
3
W2K Win XP WS2K3 Vista
WS2K8
Win 7
WS2K8 R2
Win 8
WS2012

IIS FOR DEVELOPERS
IIS CONCEPTS
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Your Computer
Remote Computers
Web Site
Web Applications
Virtual Directory
Physical Directory
Application Pool

IIS FOR DEVELOPERS
MAJOR ARCHITECTURAL
CHANGES
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IIS FOR DEVELOPERS
HTTP.SYS, WHAT’S THAT?
 It’s the thing that listens to HTTP on your computer
 It’s a kernel mode device driver
 Ever since Windows Server 2003 (IIS 6)
 Responsible for:
 Routing requests to registered applications
 Kernel-mode SSL (as of Windows Server 2008)
 Response caching in kernel mode
 QoS, such as connection limits and timeouts
 Want to know more? netsh http show
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IIS FOR DEVELOPERS
THE INTEGRATED PIPELINE
7
Log
Compress
Basic
Static File
Anon
SendResponse
Authentication
Authorization
ResolveCache
ExecuteHandler
UpdateCache
…
…
Forms
Windows
ASPX
Trace
…

IIS FOR DEVELOPERS
CONFIGURATION HIERARCHY
8
Site
Application
Virtual DirectoryIIS Configuration
ASP.NET settings
machine.config
root Web.config
applicationHost.config
Web.config
Web.config
Web.config

IIS FOR DEVELOPERS
THE IIS APPLICATION POOL
 Groups applications to worker processes
 Each application is hosted in a .NET
AppDomain
 App pool defines:
 .NET version
 Bitness (32/64)
 Security identity
 Advanced settings
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IIS FOR DEVELOPERS
APP POOL CONFIGURATION
 Startup mode
 CPU usage limits
 Process timeouts
 Idle
 Ping
 Shutdown / Startup
 Web garden
 Rapid-Fail protection
 Process orphaning
 Auto recycling
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IIS FOR DEVELOPERS
APP POOL
CONFIGURATION
demo
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IIS FOR DEVELOPERS
IIS FEATURES
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IIS FOR DEVELOPERS
COMPRESS ME!
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Compression Mode What does it do Considerations
Dynamic Compress every response
Uses CPU and memory
Not cached
Static Compress once and reuse
Cached to disk
Uses some CPU
So turn it on, is that it? Almost!

IIS FOR DEVELOPERS
ASP.NET IIS OUTPUT CACHE
 ASP.NET has one, IIS wanted one too
 Not only for ASP.NET content
 Supports varying by query/header
 User/Kernel mode caching
 Output can be statically compressed
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IIS FOR DEVELOPERS
REWRITING URLS
 Great tool for manipulating URLs
 Can change incoming and outgoing URLs
 URL transformation, redirection, or forwarding
 Uses regular expressions and wildcards for
pattern matching
 Pre-conditions based on HTTP headers, URL
parts, and server variables
 And it has a UI !!!!!
15

IIS FOR DEVELOPERS
COMMON REWRITING SCENARIOS
 Enforce lower-cased URLs
 Add/remove trailing slash
 Canonical hostnames
 Prevent hotlinking
 Friendly URLs
 HTTPS redirection
 Reverse proxy
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IIS FOR DEVELOPERS
APPLICATION INITIALIZATION
 Initial load of an application takes time
 Dynamic compilation
 Assembly loading
 Execute Application_Start event
 Application initialization to the rescue
 Start your application after the worker
process loads
 Internally call code to initialize the system
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IIS FOR DEVELOPERS
CONFIGURE INITIALIZATION
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Application Pool
Web Application
<system.webServer>
<applicationInitialization
remapManagedRequestsTo="Warming.htm"
skipManagedModules="true" >
<add initializationPage="/init.ashx" />
</applicationInitialization>
</system.webServer>
Web.config

IIS FOR DEVELOPERS
COOL FEATURES OF INITIALIZATION
 Remaps requests while initializing
 Overlapped recycling completes after
initialization is done
 Granular control over remaps with URL
Rewrite
 {APP_WARMING_UP} server variable
 Still using IIS 7.5? Get the extension!
 http://bit.ly/iis-application-initialization
19

IIS FOR DEVELOPERS
IIS FEATURES
demo
20

IIS FOR DEVELOPERS
LOGGING &
TROUBLESHOOTING
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IIS FOR DEVELOPERS
LOGGING
 IIS logging is not enough!
 Use the Advanced Logging module
 http://bit.ly/iis-advanced-logging
 Creates a separate log file per application
 Log HTTP headers, performance counters,
and server variables
 Filter requests you don't want to log
 Creates the same IIS Log file structure
 Use your existing analysis tools
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ADVANCED LOGGING

IIS FOR DEVELOPERS
FAILED REQUEST TRACING
 Investigate failed requests
 What is a bad request?
 Resulted in a 4xx or 5xx response
 Took too long to process
 Caused a warning or error trace message
 You can set different traces for different URLs
 Creating too many request tracing files has
its costs, beware of overuse
 Investigate bad requests

IIS FOR DEVELOPERS
LOGGING &
TROUBLESHOOTING
demo
24

IIS FOR DEVELOPERS
IIS VS. IIS EXPRESS
Feature IIS IIS Express
Supported
protocols
HTTP, HTTPS, WCF (HTTP
and non-HTTP)
HTTP, HTTPS, WCF over HTTP
Management
tools
IIS Manager, AppCmd,
PowerShell
AppCmd, Notepad
Built-in common
IIS modules
Yes Yes
Bitness 32/64 bit 32/64 bit
(64 bit with IIS Express 8)
Required
Windows Edition
IIS version specific Windows XP and up
(IIS Express 8 - Vista and up)
Security context Built-in/Domain user Current user
25

IIS FOR DEVELOPERS
IIS 8.5
 Released with Windows Server 2012 R2
 Some new cool features
 Logging with ETW
 Enhanced (advanced) logging
 Worker process timeout suspension
 Dynamic site configuration loading
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IIS FOR DEVELOPERS
NOW YOU KNOW MORE THAN YOUR IT
ABOUT AY AY ES
27

IIS FOR DEVELOPERS
RESOURCES
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Everything About IIS
www.iis.net
Extensions and Apps
www.iis.net/downloads/microsoft/advanced-logging
www.lizard-labs.net/log_parser_lizard.aspx
gallery.technet.microsoft.com/office/Log-Parser-Studio-cd458765
www.iis.net/downloads/community/2008/03/iis-70-trace-viewer
idof@sela.co.il @idoflatow http://bit.ly/flatow-blog
This presentation: sdrv.ms/15QPjke

IIS for Developers

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