This document describes the chemical reaction that produces soap. The reaction involves treating oils or fats with an aqueous alkali like sodium or potassium hydroxide, known as saponification. This produces soap and glycerin as products from the reactives of oils and alkali. Precautions like wearing gloves and ensuring proper ventilation are recommended when doing the reaction.

2. A little history: The soap preparation is one of the oldest known chemical reactions. For centuries the production of consisted on homemade vegetable ashes and animal or vegetable fat. It was subsequently replaced by alkali ash

3. Fats and oils are esters formed by alcohol plus acid. Fatty substances are decomposed by treating with aqueous alkali (caustic sodium or potassium) producing a chemical reaction called saponification resulting soap and glycerin.

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8. We will calculate the weight of soda flake with the digital balance and prepare a solution with 2 liters of water. We found that the soda is dissolved when the temperature rises. It is an exothermic process

9. We will ensure that the soda is well dissolved so that the chemical reaction takes place successfully

10. Add the oil slowly while beating

11. We continue stirring

12. We noticed that it is gradually changing the color, texture and density. There was a chemical reaction

13. we pour the chemical reaction into the tray and we let it dry.

14. When the soap solidifies we must unmolde it and cut into bars.