My Undergraduate Thesis

1. Identification of suitable and
efficient substrate for the
production of Oyster Mushrooms
(Pleurotus ostreatus)
By:T-Gayathiri

2. Contents
 Introduction
 Objectives
 Materials and Methods
 Results and Discussion
 Conclusions
 Suggestions
 References

3. Introduction

4.  Saprophytic fungi - Basidiomycetes &
Ascomycetes.
 Mushrooms cultivation - year 600, Asia.
 Biggest manufacturer - China 70%.
 Medicinal properties:
 Nutritional properties:
 Oyster mushroom
 Pleurotus ostreatus

5. Pinheads Button stage
Development
stages
(Pleurotus ostreatus)
Full bloom

6. Objectives

7.  To find out the suitability of Pleurotus ostreatus
cultivation in Batticaloa district
 To find out the suitable substrate for Pleurotus
ostreatus cultivation
 To find out the substrate with efficient production
 To find out the substrate which takes shortest
period

8. Materials
and
Methods

9.  Location
 Duration
 Experiment

10. Treatments and composition
Treatments Composition
T1 Sawdust
T2 Paddy straw
T3 Dry leaves
T4 Shredded paper
T5 Sawdust + Paddy straw (1:1)
T6 Sawdust + Dry leaves (1:1)
T7 Sawdust + Shredded paper (1:1)

11. Chopped Heat Nutrient
Raw materials treatment supplement
Inoculation Autoclaving Filling
substrate bags
Incubation Growing
period period

12.  Constituents:
 Substrate
 Rice bran 10%
 CaCO3 2%
 Soya bean flour 1%
 Epsum salt (MgSO4) 0.2%
 Growth conditions:
 Temperature range 15-30 o C
 Optimum growth for mycelium 25- 28 o C
 Relative humidity >75

13. Evaluation was done for,
 Average yield
 Total numbers of blooms
 Large bloom percentage
 Harvest interval
 Large bloom diameter
 Large bloom weight
 Small bloom diameter
 Small bloom weight

14. Data analysis
 ANOVA
 DMRT

15. Results
and
Discussion

16. The average yield (fresh weight) of oyster
mushrooms in different substrates
60 a*
Average yield (g / harvest )
ab
50
40 abc
bc
30 c c Average yield
c
20
10
0
T1 T2 T3 T4 T5 T6 T7
Treatments

17. T1 Average yield T2
from different
treatments
T3 T4
T5 T6 T7

18. The total numbers of blooms produced
from different substrates
14
a* a
Total number of blooms /
12 a
10
ab ab
harvest
8 ab
Total number of blooms
6 b
4
2
0
T1 T2 T3 T4 T5 T6 T7
Treatments

19. The percentage of large blooms
produced from different substrates
Treatment Large bloom percentage
T1 31.551 2.4528 a*
T2 24.9863 16.4311 a
T3 31.2607 6.8495 a
T4 27.1925 7.6683 a
T5 36.6527 23.9670 a
T6 27.1083 7.1975 a
T7 48.254 6.6040 a

20. The harvest interval of oyster mushrooms
produced from different substrates
7 a*
6
Harvest interval (days)
ab
5 ab
ab
4 ab
b Harvest interval
3
b
2
1
0
T1 T2 T3 T4 T5 T6 T7
Treatments

21. The efficient substrate for the production
of oyster mushrooms
60
Average yield(g)/Total number
interval(days)/Large bloom
50 Average yield
of blooms/Harvest
percentage(%)
40 Total number of
blooms
30
Harvest interval
20
Large bloom
10 percentage
0
T1 T2 T3 T4 T5 T6 T7
Treatments

22. Size and weight of the mushroom blooms
Treatment Large bloom Large bloom Small bloom Small bloom
diameter weight diameter weight
T1 6.1458 + 0.0955 5.765 + 0.4276 1.9792 + 0.0722 1.0225 + 0.1607
T2 7.3958 + 1.2060 8.98 + 2.8102 2.1667 + 0.7324 1 + 0.9855
T3 7.0625 + 1.2640 7.6417 +2.2169 1.9792 + 0.3442 0.795 + 0.1506
T4 7.3125 + 0.1654 8.8905+ 1.3436 2.2708 + 0.2526 1.2771 + 0.1732
T5 8.0417 + 1.0777 12.4668 +2.7906 2.875 + 0.8197 3.1189 + 2.9978
T6 6.0417 + 0.8356 5.0786+ 0.6109 2.7292 + 0.3662 1.3251 + 0.2481
T7 10.3325 + 0.5 22.9867+ 1.8194 3.7083 + 2.1518 5.4178 + 7.0960

23. Mushroom fly Black mould
Abnormal blooms

24. Conclusions

25.  Cultivation of oyster mushrooms (Pleurotus
ostreatus) is suitable in Batticaloa district.
 The sawdust + paddy straw and sawdust +
shredded paper substrate are the suitable and
efficient substrates.
 The sawdust + paddy straw is the substrate
with efficient production.
 The sawdust + paddy straw substrate took the
shortest time for production.

26. Suggestions

27.  Further studies should be carried out by
using the substrate after the fermentation of
the raw materials for 1-2 days.
 The studies should be needed by using other
materials such as maize leaves, corn cobs,
sugarcane leaves, rice bran …etc.
 The studies should be needed to find out the
effect of various grain spawns.

28. References

29.  Bhal,N(2000).Hand book on mushrooms,4th Ed.
Oxford and IBH publishing Co.Pvt.Ltd, New Delhi,
India.pp.99.
 Amuthan,G.,Visvanathan,R.,Kailappan,R. and
Sreenarayanan,V.V.(1999).Studying of osmo-air
drying of milky mushroom.Calocyba indica.Mushroom
Res.8:49-52.
 Chang,S.T. and P.G.Miles (1987).Edible mushrooms
and their cultivation.CBS publishers and
distributors,Delhi,India,pp.3,8,12,225-251.
 Pathak,V.N.,N.Yadav and M.Gaur (1998).Mushroom
production and processing
technology.Agrobios,India.pp. 1, 76-82.