This document provides instructions for cultivating oyster mushrooms. It lists the necessary requirements, which include paddy straw, polythene bags, racks, fresh spawn, and other supplies. The procedure involves cutting and sterilizing the straw, filling layers of straw and spawn in bags, incubating the bags until the mycelium forms, and maintaining moisture levels until pinheads and mushrooms develop. Observations from one trial found the mycelium formed within 15 days, pinheads appeared on day 16, and the first harvest of 400g of mushrooms occurred on day 21, demonstrating the successful cultivation process.

1. MUSHROOM
CULTIVATION
By Sahil Narvekar

2. MUSHROOM
 Simple form of life known as fungus.
 Scientific name - Agricus.
 Mostly identified as umbrella shaped.
 Varies in shape, size, etc.
 In Goa, species known - Royni almi, Shito almi, Ponos
almi etc.
 Popular due to their delicacy and flavour.
 Minerals such as calcium, phosphorus, potassium and
fair quantity of iron are present.
 A fresh mushroom contains, about 80% to 90% moisture,
3% protein, 0.3% to 0.4% fat, 1% minerals and vitamins.
 Constitute an ideal diet for diabetics, obesity, mental
tension, blood pressure, cancer, HIV virus, heart
diseases and hypertensive patients as they contain low
carbohydrate, fat and sugar contents and no presence of
salt.
 Due to high dieteary fibre it helps in increasing bowel

3. CULTIVATION OF OYSTER MUSHROOM

4. REQUIREMENTS
 Paddy straw
 Polythene bags (150 micron gauge)
 Racks of bamboos or nylon rope
 Fresh spawn
 Rubber bands
 Dettol
 Cotton
 Blade

5. PROCEDURE : 1
 Cut straw into small pieces of 2 to 3cm length, fill it in a gunny bag &
soak in water for 8 to 10 hours.
 Sterilize the straw by heat sterilization method.
 Fill the drained,cooled,sterilized straw along with spawn in a polythene
bag in alternate layers.
 While filling straw,
 First layer 8 to 10 cm.
 Spawn is then crushed and spread on the straw layer, more on the
periphery and less in the centre of the bag.
 Similarly, fill the second layer of straw and spawn.
 Fill 4 to 5 layers in the bag by pressing down the straw.
 Cover the last layer with straw & tie the mouth of the bag and
make holes on bag to allow aeration.
 Keep these bags on recks.

6. PROCEDURE : 2
 In 12 to 15 days, the straw bed is covered with mycelium (cottony
white).
 Discard bags,which fail to turn white or show patches of black or green
mould.
 Now cut open the bag and start sprinkling water on the beds thrice a
day to keep the bed moist.
 Do not allow to dry.
 In 3 to 4 days,small pinheads appear and they mature in 2 to 3 days.
 First harvest of mushrooms develops in 18 to 22 days.

8. OBSERVATIONS
 In 15 days, the bed was
completely covered with cottony
white like mycelium.
 On 16th day small buds were
observed.
 On 21st day the mushroom were
ready for harvesting.

10. CONCLUSION
The first harvest of
fresh mushroom was
400gms on an
average in 21 days.

21. THANK
YOU